scholarly journals Optimization for simultaneous removal of NH3-N and COD from coking wastewater via a three-dimensional electrode system with coal-based electrode materials by RSM method

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 756-767
Author(s):  
Ting Su ◽  
Wenwen Gao ◽  
Xiangdong Xing ◽  
Xinzhe Lan ◽  
Yonghui Song
Keyword(s):  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Coking Wastewater ◽  
Plate Spacing ◽  
Electrode Plate

Abstract The present work demonstrated preparation of coal-based electrode materials (CEM)-derived low-rank coal for simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from coking wastewater by a three-dimensional electrode system (3DES). The influence of important parameters in 3DES such as processing time, applied voltage, electrode plate spacing, mass of commercially activated carbon (CAC), and initial pH were investigated. Based on the central composite design, the response surface method (RSM) was employed in order to optimize the variable parameters in removal process of pollutants. From the analysis of RSM, the optimum conditions for 3DES were 4.5 h of processing time, 5.5 V of applied voltage, 17 mm electrode plate spacing, 4.5 g CAC, and pH of 3 with higher simultaneous removal rate of COD (74.20%) and NH3-N (51.48%). Besides, the content of N element (4.9%) and N containing groups were traced by SEM-EDS and FTIR analysis in order to verify the removal effect. The experiment results showed the capability of CEM for electrode system removal of pollutants from coking wastewater and obtained considerable simultaneous removal rate of NH3-N and COD.

Electrochemical treatment of residual ammonia nitrogen in biologically pretreated coking wastewater with three-dimensional electrodes

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2732-2736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-wen He ◽  
Li-yuan Liu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Gong Zhang ◽  
Jing-wen Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Coking Wastewater ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electrode Distance ◽  
Good Surface

The electrochemical oxidation of the residual ammonia nitrogen contained in biologically pretreated coking wastewater using three-dimensional electrode system was studied. The results show the Ti/RuO2/IrO2 anode plates and the coke have good surface characteristics for the purpose of this study. In addition, studies also show that the three-dimensional electrode system should be able to give a satisfied solution to the residual bio-refractory ammonia nitrogen in biologically pretreated coking wastewater in comparison to conventional two-dimensional electrodes. At coke size of 10–20 mesh, electrode distance of 1.0 cm and current density of 4.5 mA/cm2, the residual ammonia nitrogen in the three-dimensional electrode system was almost completely removed in 60 min.

Effect of Voltage on the Treatment of Cyanide Wastewater by Three-dimensional Electrode

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Yao ◽  
Yonghui Song ◽  
Shan Zhang ◽  
Yuhong Tian ◽  
Xinzhe Lan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrolytic Deposition ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Concentration Of Ions ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of applied voltage on cyanide wastewater treatment by three-dimensional electrodes were primarily examined. The main electrodes were produced from self-made coal-based electrode materials, and activated carbon was used as a particle electrode to treat cyanide wastewater. Changes in the concentration of ions in wastewater were determined and analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Results show that voltage significantly affects wastewater treatment via the three-dimensional electrodes. In particular, the removal rate of the ions in wastewater increases as voltage increases. The reaction mechanism of the three-dimensional electrodes also varies at different voltages. At 1 V, the reaction mechanism of the three-dimensional electrodes involves electro-adsorption. The removal rates of CNT, Cu, Zn, SCN−, and CN− in wastewater are 31.81%, 53.04%, 36.11%, 29.05%, and 29.05%, respectively. The reaction mechanism of the three-dimensional electrodes includes electro-adsorption and enrichment precipitation when voltage is increased to 2 V. The three-dimensional electrode plays a significant role in electrolytic deposition when voltage is further increased to 3 and 4 V. Cu, Zn, and other heavy metal ions are reduced on the cathode and on the particle electrode surface, and the removal rates of CNT, Cu, Zn, SCN−, and CN− in wastewater are 93.94%, 95.22%, 97.23%, 99.38%, and 94.93%, respectively.

scholarly journals Adsorption optimized of the coal-based material and application for cyanide wastewater treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Su ◽  
Yonghui Song ◽  
Xinzhe Lan ◽  
Wenwen Gao
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Custom Design ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Group Species

Abstract Custom design of JMP software was used to optimize the iodine number of coal-based electrode materials. Taking the additive ratio (A), heating rate (B) and final pyrolysis temperature (C) into account and the significance sequence was C>B>A. Set the additive ratio as 0.2, the heating rate as 5°C/min and the final temperature as 900°C, the iodine number was improved to 403.14 mg·g-1, and the compressive strength was 2.01 MPa. Surface morphology of the coal-based electrode materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The functional group species were explored by Fourier infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR). Then applied the voltage of 4 V, coal-based adsorption materials were set as cathodes and anodes in a 3-dimensional electrode system with the commercial activated carbon as a particle electrode. After 5 h treatment for cyanide wastewater, the removal rate of most ions was achieved to 72% or more. It was the collaborative effect in the combined action of electro-adsorption and electrodeposition.

scholarly journals Investigation of a novel pyrolusite particle electrode effects in the chlorine-containing wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427-1437
Author(s):  
Liang Hong ◽  
Qiu Yang ◽  
Zhao Liying ◽  
Chen Yingyan ◽  
Wang Bing
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Plate Electrode ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Research on three-dimensional electrode system mainly focuses on the material of plate electrode and catalytic activity, and minimal attention is provided to particle electrode. Pyrolusite was prepared as a novel particle electrode with high active chlorine (ACl) yield. The particle electrode was characterised by scanning electrode microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and electrochemical properties. Results show that the intended pyrolusite particle electrode was prepared successfully. These pyrolusite particle electrodes were applied to degrade sulphonated phenolic resin in chlorine-containing wastewater and displayed an excellent catalytic activity. A total of 68.76 mg/L ACl was produced, and the CODCr removal rate was 49.55%. These results indicated that pyrolusite particle electrode is much more effective than the reference material, that is, granular activated carbon. Furthermore, the product of electrolytic process was characterised by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultraviolet visible spectrometry (UV-vis). The enhanced mechanism was proposed that the high degradation efficiency could be ascribed to the increase of ACl.

scholarly journals Simulation and analysis of through-mask electrochemical machining with moving tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 168781402110099
Author(s):  
Chin-Wei Liu ◽  
Chian-Huei Chen ◽  
Shyong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Machining ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mask Electrochemical Machining ◽  
Moving Speed

At present, the development of through-mask micro-electrochemical machining is only limited to static machining, where the size of the tool is usually the same as that of the workpiece. However, in the electrochemical processing, metal with good electrical conductivity is chosen as the tool electrode, and it is usually very expensive. Based on the cost consideration, a moving tool with small size may be preferred. Finite element method is used in this paper to create the electric field model of through-mask micro-electrochemical machining with moving tool. The effects of the parameters, such as applied voltage, mask thickness, on the machining shape are investigated. The results show that the higher the applied voltage, the larger the machining depth and width, and also the better the aspect ratio. When the thickness of the mask is thin, the electric field is unevenly distributed and the lateral corrosion is more serious. There is an island-like phenomenon, which is related to the masking of the mask. When the moving speed is relatively slow, the relative processing time is longer. The current density accumulated on the surface of the workpiece is thus higher and the material removal rate is higher. As the processing time increases, the machining depth becomes deeper, and the forward corrosion rate is slow down.

scholarly journals Electrocatalytic Degradation of Sulfameth Thiadiazole by GAC@Ni/Fe Three-Dimensional Particle Electrode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwen Li ◽  
Yingzi Lin ◽  
SuiYi Zhu ◽  
Gen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Direct Oxidation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Indirect Oxidation ◽  
Plate Spacing ◽  
Loading Ratio

Abstract In this work, GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrodes were prepared and employed for the degradation of Sulfamethylthiadiazole (SMT) by three-dimensional electrocatalytic technology.The effects of particle electrode bi-metal loading ratio, cell voltage, particle electrode dosage, electrode plate spacing and SMT initial concentration on SMT removal were studied.In addition, GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrode was analyzed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) to characterize . which indicated that a significant amount of Iron-nickel oxide were formed on the surface of GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrode.The results indicated that when the nickel-iron loading ratio is 1:1, the SMT removal effect is the best, and the removal rate can reach 90.89% within 30 minutes,Compared with the granular activated carbon without bimetal, the removal efficiency is increased by 37.58%. The degradation of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe particle three-dimensional electrode reactor is the joint result of both direct oxidation and indirect oxidation. The contribution rates of direct oxidation of anode and particle electrode and indirect oxidation of ·OH in the degradation are 32%, 27% and 41%, respectively. Based on the intermediate detected by ultra high liquid chromatography and the calculation of bond energy of SMT molecule by Gauss software，the degradation pathway of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe three-dimensional electrode reactor is proposed. This research provides a green, healthy and effective method for removing sulfonamide micro-polluted wastewater.

Treatment of Methyl Blue Wastewater by Steel Slag Particle Three-Dimensional Electrode System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Teng ◽  
Junfeng Li ◽  
Zhaoyang Wang ◽  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
Dongbao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Methyl Blue ◽  
Particle Volume ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting

The particle electrode was prepared by using industrial waste slag as raw material, and the surface morphology of the particle electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The comparison experiments showed that under the same experimental conditions, the efficiency of removing the methyl blue from the three-dimensional electrode of the steel slag particles was 23.48% higher than that of the two-dimensional electrode, and the energy consumption was reduced by 36.2%. The results showed that the primary and secondary factors affecting the methyl blue wastewater of steel slag particles are electrolyte concentration, voltage, initial waste concentration and particle volume. Under the optimal combination of pH 3, voltage 12 V, initial methyl blue concentration of 15 mg/L and electrolyte concentration of 0.3 mol/L, the removal rate of methyl blue reached 91.41%.

The Influence Factors of Phenol Wastewater by Complex Three-Dimensional Electrode Polarity Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 2157-2160
Author(s):  
Ya Feng Li ◽  
Ying Gao ◽  
Ji Jia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Aeration Intensity ◽  
Plate Spacing ◽  
Electrode Polarity ◽  
Phenol Wastewater

In order to study the influence factors of complex three-dimensional electrode polarity to treat phenol wastewater .Set the mixed phenol wastewater as the research object, by the test of static, adopt complex three-ensional electrode polarity to phenol wastewater. When the wastewater is 10 L,quality concentration is 300 mg/L, the pH value is 3.0, the reaction time is 90 min, electrolytic voltage is 15V, plate spacing is 10 cm, Na2SO4 electrolyte additive concentration is 1 g/L, Fe2+ additive concentration is 0.6 mmol/L, aeration intensity is 0.2 m3/h, removal rate of phenol and COD reached 80.99% and 80.99% respectively . The experiments results show that the pH value, reaction time, electrolytic voltage, plate spacing and aeration intensity has a significant effects on phenol wastewater through complex three-dimensional electrode polarity treatment.

Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrate by Fe-Si Alloy Electrode

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 1789-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Yan Zhi Sun ◽  
Cai Ying Li ◽  
Ping Yu Wan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrochemical Catalysis ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Permeable Electrode

The present paper studies the removal of the nitrogen in the form of nitrate in water by electrochemical catalysis reduction. The influence of electrode materials and various test conditions on the removal efficiency was studied. The experimental results show that the removal rate of nitrate can reach above 90% by using a three-dimensional permeable electrode of Fe-Si alloy under the condition of flowrate of 600ml/h, current density of 10mA/cm2and reaction time of 2h.

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