Gene action for oil content and quality in diverse cytoplasmic sources in sunflower under varied moisture environments

Helia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (73) ◽  
pp. 151-166
Author(s):  
Vikrant Tyagi ◽  
Satwinder Kaur Dhillon ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Gene Effects

AbstractSunflower breeding aims to developing good heterotic hybrids which can be achieved by tapping combining ability of hybrids belongs to diverse parents. Nine diversified CMS lines along with one maintainer lines were hybridized with four male lines in a line × tester manner thereby, developing a total 40 hybrids. The experimental material was grown over two environments i.e. recommended irrigation and other moisture stress environments continuously for two years 2011 and 2012 in randomized complete block design with three replications at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The experiment was design to estimate combining ability of parental lines, gene effects and effect of divers CMS sources on oil content and quality traits. It was observed that the non-additive component of genetic variance played major role in inheritance of these traits as recommended by analysis of variance of combining abilities and analysis of genetic variance components. Further supporting this conclusion was the fact that the GCA/SCA ratio for oil content and quality traits observed in F1 generation was less than one under both the environments. These results indicated the preponderance of dominant gene action and the feasibility of hybrid sunflower development. GCA estimates revealed that CMS analogues CMS-XA (Unknown), ARG-2A (H. argophyllus) and PRUN-29A (H. praecox spp. runyonic) were very good combiner for oil content under both the environments. The pollen parents RCR-8297 and P69R were observed as very good combiners for oil content and stearic acid under moisture stress condition. The male parent P100R was recorded very good combiner for oil content under normal environment while, RCR-8297 and P100R were very good combiners for oleic acid under both the environments. A total seven crosses were identified for oil content and eight crosses for oleic acid as having high SCA effects under both the water regimes.

Magnitude and Nature of Gene Effects Controlling Oil Content and Quality Components in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)

Helia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (70) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Ravneet Kaur Chahal ◽  
S. K. Dhillon ◽  
S. S. Kandhola ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Vineeta Kaila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Gene Effects

AbstractThe present research aimed to study gene effects for oil content and fatty acid composition in sunflower. It involved a set of 92 hybrids developed by crossing four CMS lines with 23 perfect restorers. Experiment was conducted at experimental field area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The data was recorded on oil content and quality traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the traits studied. Among the lines; CMS 42A was observed to have higher significant positive gca effects for oil content, linoleic acid & linolenic acid and higher significant negative gca effects for palmitic acid and stearic acid, whereas, for oleic acid line, CMS 40A had higher positive gca effects. Among the testers, TSG 275 had higher significant positive gca effects for linolenic acid and significant negative gca effects for stearic acid. High positive gca effects for oleic acid and oil content were observed for TSG 331. The tester OPH 91 was good combiner with high positive gca effects for oleic acid and negative gca effects for palmitic acid, whereas, tester TSG 288 exhibited highest positive gca effects for linoleic acid. The best cross combinations; CMS 40A×TSG 259, CMS 607A×TSG 271 and CMS 40A×OPH 73 showed significant specific combining ability effects for oil content and cross CMS 40A×TSG 289 had significant specific combining ability for oleic acid and linoleic acid. The cross combination CMS 40A×TSG 259 is giving a significant jump of over 12 % against the current commercial check for oil percentage and for other quality traits more than 50 % over the standard check, which is significant for undertaking improvement of hybrid for oil quality.

scholarly journals Evaluating Genetic Parameters and Combining Ability of Starch Viscosity Parameters in Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Alireza Haghighi Hasanalideh ◽  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshadfar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was undertaken to assess the combining ability of 6 rice varieties, for viscosity parameters and determining gene action controlling Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) characters. F2 progenies derived from a 6×6 half diallel mating design with their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in 2015. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method indicated the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions controlling RVA traits. For traits PV and FV RI18447-2 and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing, respectively. Deylamani and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing BV, respectively. Beside, due to more portion of non-additive gene action in controlling trait SV, The Gilaneh × RI18430-46, and Deylamani × RI18430-46 crosses were the best for increasing and decreasing SV, respectively. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability for BV and FV, indicated the importance of additive effects in expression of these traits. Therefore, selection base breeding methods will be useful to improve these traits and selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favourable genes. Low estimate of narrow sense heritability for SV revealed that non-additive gene effects play important role in controlling setback viscosity. So, hybrid base breeding methods will be useful to improve this trait.

Combining Ability and Gene Action Analysis for Seed Yield and Component Traits in F2 Generation of Vigna mungo L. Hepper by using Griffing Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandeep Singh ◽  
R. K. Mittal ◽  
V. K. Sood ◽  
Kulveer Singh Dhillon ◽  
Shailja Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Half Diallel

Background: Urdbean (2n=2x=22), also known as blackgram is an important short duration legume crop belonging to family Fabaceae, widely cultivated in Asia. Urdbean occupies an important position among pulses owing to its high seed protein (25-26%), carbohydrates (60%), fat (15%), minerals, amino acids and vitamins. Owing to its low water requirement, it is also suitable for rainfed conditions. It adapts well to various cropping systems owing to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with soil bacteria, rapid growth and early maturity. Half diallel analysis was adopted in present study to gather information on gca (general combining abilities) and sca (specific combining abilities) of 6 diverse parents and simultaneously estimating various types of gene effects involved in the expression of seed yield and related attributes in urdbean. Methods: The F1’s were developed during 2017 in 9 x 9 half diallel fashion by Sharma et al. 2019 and these F1’s were evaluated. Significant crosses on the basis of gene action and combining ability were selected for further advancement. The experimental material comprised of the six parents and 15 F2’s of a 6 x 6 half diallel cross among six cultivars of urdbean (four are purelines viz., Palampur-93, HPBU-111, DU-1 and KU-553 and rest of the two are advanced and indigenous lines viz., Him Mash-1 and IC-281994). The F2’s along with the parental genotypes were grown in a Randomized block Design (RBD) with three replications at Experimental Farm of the Department of Crop Improvement, COA, CSK HPKV Palampur (H.P.) during Kharif, 2018. Results: The cross combination, Him Mash-1× HPBU-111, was identified the best for high seed yield on the basis of sca. The specific crosses, Palampur-93 × IC-281994, Palampur-93 × KU-553 were good specific combiners for most of the traits viz., plant height, branches per plant, pods per plant, biological yield per plant, seed yield per plant, harvest index, 100-seed weight and crude protein content.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for fiber quality traits in cotton

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuksel Bolek ◽  
Hatice Cokkizgin ◽  
Adem Bardak
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Fiber Quality Traits ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Additive Gene

Combining ability and heterosis for fiber quality traits in cotton Combining ability analysis and heterosis for cotton fiber quality traits were studied in a set of diallel crosses involving eight cotton (Gossypium sp.) genotypes. Randomized complete block design was used to test 56 F1 and 8 parents for fiber quality traits; length (Len), strength (Str), micronaire (Mic), uniformity (Unf), elongation (Elg), spinning consistency index (Sci) and short fiber index (Sfi). Analysis revealed significant general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects for all the traits and additive gene effects were important in the inheritance of the traits. Giza-45 had the highest GCA effects for Len, Sci, Unf and Elg while Is-4 had the highest Str value. Mic and Sfi values were lowest for Askabat-100 and Giza-45, respectively. The cross Cukurova-1518 × 108-F and Nazilli-84S × Askabat-100 had the lowest SCA effects for Mic and Sfi, respectively. The highest values for Len (Askabat-100 × 108-F), for Str (Acala Prema × 108-F), for Sci (Is-4 × Giza-45), for Unf (Stoneville-453 × Askabat-100) and for Elg (108-F × Is-4) were also obtained. Hybridizations among Askabat-100 × Nazilli-84S, Is-4 × Giza-45, Askabat-100 × Stoneville-453, Askabat-100 × Giza-45, Is-4 × 108F, Giza-45 × 108F, Giza-45 × Acala Prema, Nazilli-84S × Giza-45, Is-4 × Nazilli-84S and Acala Prema × Askabat-100 crosses yielded the best heterosis and heterobeltiosis values. Aforementioned parents and crosses could be utilized for further selection of high fiber quality and applying 3-way crosses or modified backcross or recurrent selection to genotypes having good combining ability would improve fiber quality.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY IN RELATION TO HETEROSIS EFFECTS AND GENETIC DIVERSITY IN COTTON USING LINE X TESTER MATING DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No.1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Mariz ◽  
Reham Gibely ◽  
Abdelmoghny AM
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between specific combining ability, genetic diversity of parents and heterosis over better parent effects. This research, having eighteen F1 crosses derived from crossing between six lines and three testers, was conducted in order to estimate combining ability, to determine the nature of gene action and heterosis for yield and fiber quality traits and to detect the appropriate crosses for cotton breeding program. The experiment was conducted on randomized complete block design with three replications. The analyses of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes, parents (lines and testers) and crosses for all the studied traits. Estimates of both general and specific combining ability effects were significant for most traits, indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects for these traits. While, specific was higher than general combining ability variances, for all traits, showing non-additive gene action controlling and therefore, heterosis breeding may be rewarding. The heterosis value varied from cross to cross and from trait to trait. This dissimilarity coefficient was ranged from 3.234 between Giza 85 and Giza 80 to 71.002 between Giza 96 and 10229. Association between heterosis over better parent and specific combining ability was positive and significant for all the studied traits except lint yield / plant. No correlations were found between SCA and GD for all the studied traits. Similarly, heterosis effects was negatively significantly correlated with GD only in the case of boll weight, lint yield / plant and uniformity ratio %, while showed positive and significant correlation for fiber strength and micronaire value. Four crosses showed both positive and significant heterosis and specific combining ability for most yield traits. The parents of these crosses belong to different clusters. Crossing diverse parents could produce high heterotic performance in hybri

scholarly journals Studies on combining ability and gene action for yield and quality traits in Baby corn (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1349-1355
Author(s):  
Hemlata Kumari ◽  
Nikhil Kumar ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Rashmi Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Fodder Yield

An investigation was carried out to assess the combining ability and nature of gene action in baby corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes, by making crosses of eight inbred lines namely, HKI 3209, SML 1, EC 595979, CM 128, VQL 1, G 18 seq C5 F 76-2-2-1-1-2-BBB, HKI 209, in diallel mating design (without reciprocal crosses) by following Griffing Model–I and Method–II during rabi season 2013-14 at the experimental farm of BAC, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar). The crosses were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) to assess the combining ability and nature of gene action. Based on general combining ability, parents CM 128 and VQL 1 were best parent forbreeding programme for yield and quality improvement. The specific combining ability also indicates that hybrid CM128 x VQL1 was best specific combiner for baby corn yield (4.11q/ha), fodder yield (50.91q/ha) as well as for better quality. The crosses CM 128 x HKI 209 recorded the high mean (7.35%) and SCA effects (2.57 ºBrix) for quality traits. The gene action analysis also revealed preponderance of non-additive gene action for yield and its contributing characters.

scholarly journals Understanding Nature and Magnitude of Gene Action Under Influence of Different Dates of Sowing for Yield and Oil Content in Brassica juncea L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 470-480
Author(s):  
Aditi Eliza Tirkey Kartikeya Srivastava ◽  
Girish Tantuway Omesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Effective Selection

Ongoing research suggests that the average global temperature on Earth has increased by a little more than 1° Celsius so, it is important to study effect of abiotic stresses, on plant growth since change in environment causes change in behaviour or mode of expression of genes in a genetic population and limits plants in achieving their potential yield. Keeping these points in mind the adequacy of different genetic models and nature and magnitude of gene effects responsible for the expression of seed yield and important yield contributing characters were studied in mustard. Six generations of three crosses viz; Kranti × PM 25, Vardan × PM 25 and NRCHB 101 × PM 25 sown in Compact Family Block Design in timely and late sown conditions were investigated. The characters Seed yield per plant (g) and Oil content (%) were studied. Findings suggested that different characters in the same cross or same character in different crosses in different sowing conditions showed different type and magnitude of gene effects. Data recorded suggested that dominance played a major role in the inheritance of the studied traits and that the genes involved in the inheritance of these traits are predominantly dispersed in the parents with the presence of duplicate and complementary epistasis. Presence of interaction effects and duplicate epistasis suggested the possibilities of obtaining transgressive segregants in later generations. The importance of fixable and non-fixable gene action in controlling different yield and component traits was also observed. The present findings helped in deciding effective selection methods and breeding strategies to get desired improvement in seed yield and related traits for heat stress.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of physiological indicators of drought tolerance in bread wheat using diallel technique

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezatollah Farshadfar ◽  
Reza Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Additive Gene

In order to study genetic architecture of physiological criteria of drought tolerance in wheat using different diallel techniques, an experiment was conducted on six bread wheat genotypes as parents and their 15 hybrids in a randomized complete block design with three replicates under rainfed conditions at the Research Farm of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran during 2010- 2011 cropping season. The results of analysis of variance showed significant differences between the genotypes for relative water content (RWC), relative chlorophyll content (RCC), chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), total chlorophyll (Chl T) and proline concentration (PC). RWC, Chl T and PC exhibited significant differences for general combining ability, indicating the involvement of additive gene action in their inheritance. Moreover, as specific combining ability was not significant for all studied traits, hence these traits are predominantly controlled by additive gene action. Parent number one was the best general combiner for improvement of RWC, RCC and Chl b, while the best general combiner for improvement of Chl a, Chl T and PC was parent number five. Also, the best specific combination for improvement of RWC, RCC, Chl a, Chl b, Chl T and PC were the crosses 2?4, 1?2, 3?6, 1?6, 1?6 and 1?4, respectively indicating that parents of these crosses are genetically varied. Hayman and Morley-Jones analysis of variance revealed that the inheritance of RWC, Chl a, Chl b, and Chl T was mainly controlled by additive gene effects, while PC was controlled by both additive as well as dominance type of gene action.

scholarly journals Gene action and combining ability studies for protein content and grain quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
M. Asvin Kirubha ◽  
R. P. Gnanamalar ◽  
K. Thangaraj ◽  
A. Kavitha Pushpam ◽  
A. R. Priyanka
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits

scholarly journals Combining ability for yield and yield attributes in rice (Oryza sativa l.) genotypes using CMS system

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
CL Sharma ◽  
NK Singh ◽  
AK Mall ◽  
K Kumar ◽  
ON Singh
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Per Se

Seventy five hybrids generated from crossing three cytoplasmic male sterile lines with 25 testers were studied along with parents for combining ability and gene action involved in expression of characters in rice. The GCA and SCA effects were significant for all the characters except seedling height, indicating the importance of both additive and non additive genetic components. The ratio of gca and sca variance was less than unity for all the characters also indicated preponderance of non additive genetic variance and suggested good prospects of the exploitation of variation through hybrid breeding. Amongst the parental lines, UPR-2080-24-1-R, IR-60076-1-R, PNR-165-10-6-R and IR-58025- A were found to be good general combiners which can be taken up to generate desirable segregates for further selection. None of the crosses showed significant sca effects for all the characters. On the basis of per se performance and high sca effects, IR-58025-A x CSRC-50-2-1-4-BR, PMS-10-A x IR-42688-2-118-6-3, RPMS-100-A x UPRI-92-79-R and NMS-4-A x IR-32419-28-3-1-3-R were good specific combiners for grain yield plant-1 and their components which could be used for exploitation of heterosis for yield. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i1.18372 SAARC J. Agri., 11(1): 23-33 (2013)

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