Knowledge and awareness of oral cancer and impact of pictorial warnings on the willingness to quit tobacco in young tobacco consumers in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
Ruchika Gupta ◽  
Siddharth Kumar Singh ◽  
Shruti Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pictorial Warnings ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundOral cancer is most common cancer globally and is one of the most life-threatening conditions worldwide.AimTo assess the knowledge and awareness of oral cancer and the impact of pictorial warnings on the willingness to quit tobacco in young tobacco consumers in India.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 250 young tobacco consumers from Ranchi, Jharkhand. A pretested validated questionnaire was used that collected information on knowledge and awareness of oral cancer from the respondents. The responses were estimated on a three-point scale (No/Don’t know/Yes). p-Value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe majority of the respondents were aware of oral cancer (92.0%). Educational status was significantly associated with a good knowledge of awareness of oral cancer and its associated risk factors (p-Value <0.05). Media was identified as the main source for spreading oral cancer awareness (69.1%). The majority of the people were aware of the pictorial warnings on tobacco products (96.1%). However, the pictorial warnings seem to have a very low impact on willingness to quit tobacco by the respondents (20.0%).ConclusionAlternative strategies need to be employed by the government to motivate people to quit tobacco consumption. Dental health education should be provided and educational pamphlets should be distributed to create awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco consumption.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN SMOKE-FREE AREAS AND SMOKING BEHAVIOR IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Mohamad Anis Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Impact

Background: Low public awareness of the impact of smoking makes the implementation of smoke-free areas (KTR) difficult. Smoke-free areas aim to protect the public from the direct and indirect effects of smoking. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the application of smoke-free areas and the prevalence of active and ex-smokers in Indonesia. Method: This study implemented a cross-sectional design, using secondary data from the Riskesdas 2018 on active and ex-smokers. KTR application data were obtained from the Profile of Non-Communicable Diseases in 2016. A Pearson product-moment test was conducted by a computer application to determine the correlation coefficient (r). This coefficient was used to describe the level of correlation between the two variables; significance was determined as a p value of 5%. Results: This study showed that the average application of KTR throughout Indonesia was 50.83%, active smokers comprised 23.49% of the population, and ex-smokers comprised 4.94%. Most active smokers were in Java and Sumatra, while the majority of ex-smokers were in Java and Sulawesi and the majority of KTR was in Java. This study shows that there is a positive correlation between KTR application and the percentage of ex-smokers (r = 0.46; p value = 0.01). Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between the application of KTR and an increase in ex-smokers. The government needs to increase the application of KTR policies.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES AS ANTIDOTE FOR CURBING FRAUD IN NIGERIA BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION ADEGBIE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Support Service ◽  
P Value ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retrieval Rate ◽  
Forensic Accounting ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Budgeting is a fiscal policy used by the government to grow and develop the economy to ensure performance, stability and sustainability. Studies have shown that diversion of budgeted allocated funds, misappropriation of funds, fraud and uncompleted capital and developmental projects are major challenges facing budgetary system in Nigeria public sector. Studies further revealed that various strategies used to resolve the problem have not been successful. This study evaluated the impact of the applying forensic accounting techniques in curbing fraud in Nigeria budget implementation. The study employed survey cross-sectional research design. The population consisted of 195 staff of federal government establishments connected with budgetary system and fiscal policy. With the use of total enumeration, 195 copies of the questionnaire were administered with a retrieval rate of 150 copies (77%).The study adopted descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze the data. The findings showed that Investigative and Audit Support Service have strong impact on fraud and misappropriation of budgeted allocation funds β=0.342,F (1,149)=10.587,p-value=.002.The result also showed that Investigative and Audit Support Service has significant impact on uncompleted capital and developmental projects.β=0.745,F(1,149)=249.621,p-value=.003.The study concluded that the application of forensic accounting techniques have positive effect on curbing fraud in budget implementation. The study recommended that the federal government should make a policy to incorporate forensic accounting in Nigeria budgetary system

scholarly journals Reasons for not seeking early dental care in patients presenting in the exodontia department at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1107-1113
Author(s):  
Anoosha Waseem ◽  
◽  
Varda Hussain ◽  
Rida Binte Zahid ◽  
Maliha Shahbaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Department ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Objective: The aim was to gain insight on patient factors and administrative shortcomings in the dental health department that prevent patients from seeking timely dental care. Study Design: Cross Sectional Survey. Setting: Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Period: 7 January 2020 to 28 February 2020. Material & Methods: A structured close ended questionnaire was filled by information obtained from 400 patients that presented in the Exodontia OPD requiring extractions due to irreversible tooth damage. The data was collected from 244 (61%) females and 156 (39%) males. It was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and post stratification chi-square test was applied to see the significance of all comparative statistics. P value of <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Out of 400 patients, 350 had not visited a dentist when the symptoms first appeared. Of these n=213 (60.86%) were females and n=137 (39.14%) were males. Majority of the patients were in the age range of 40-65 years and belonged to the low socioeconomic class n=213 (60.9%). The main causes of patients presenting now were pain and swelling. The major reasons reported for delayed visit were: “Self-medication” n=113 (24.57%),” Symptoms will resolve on their own” n=79 (17.17%),” No awareness” n=64 (13.91%),” Non serious and lazy attitude” n=39 (8.48%) and “Busy schedule” n=36 (7.83%). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that only a small proportion of people visited the dentist when the symptoms first appeared. Most of the patients ignored their symptoms to such an extent that the only possible treatment that could be offered was extraction of the concerned tooth. There was a general misconception that dental diseases are not very serious and can be resolved by over the counter medications. Thus, more dental awareness programs should be incorporated in the government health policy to increase focus on oral health.

Analisis Faktor Determinan Pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini Oleh Bidan Di Rumah Sakit Umum Anutapura Palu

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Novita ◽  
Gusman Arsyad
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

Implementation of IMD in hospitals has decreased from the previous year and has not reached the target set by the government. Some IMD implementation processes have not been carried out according to applicable standards. So that babies do not get an IMD in accordance with existing SOPs. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factors associated with the implementation of the IMD by midwives in the Midwifery and Maternity Room Emergency Room (IGD) at the Anutapura General Hospital in Palu. This research method is analytical with cross sectional approach. The population of this study was that all midwives in the obstetrics emergency room and maternity room at Anutapura Palu Hospital were 37 respondents. The sample in this study is total sampling. The analysis used was univariate, and bivariate analysis using the chi square test with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results of statistical tests on variable knowledge of midwives with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.018 (p value <0.05). APN training with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.697 (p value> 0.05). length of work with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.029 (p value <0.05). and peer support with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.007 (p value <0.05). Conclusions there is a relationship between knowledge, length of work, peer support with the implementation of the IMD, and training factors that have nothing to do with IMD implementation. The strongest factor in the relationship is peer support. It is recommended that the Anutarapura Palu Hospital be able to motivate midwives so that they can further enhance their role in the implementation and provide support to their colleagues so that the implementation of the IMD can be carried out in accordance with applicable standards.Keywords: Knowledge, APN Training, Duration of work, Implementation of IMD

scholarly journals High prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in multiple myeloma patients and the impact of vitamin D levels, a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Oortgiesen ◽  
J. A. Kroes ◽  
P. Scholtens ◽  
J. Hoogland ◽  
P. Dannenberg - de Keijzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is common in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We hypothesized that the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and PN described in diabetes mellitus patients may also be present in MM patients. Methods To study this potential association, we assessed the incidence of hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D < 75 nmol/L [= 30 ng/mL]) in smouldering and active MM patients in two Dutch hospitals. Furthermore, a validated questionnaire was used to distinguish different PN grades. Results Of the 120 patients included between January 2017 and August 2018, 84% had an inadequate vitamin D level (median vitamin D level 49.5 nmol/L [IQR 34–65 nmol/L]; mean age: 68 years [SD ± 7.7]; males: 58%). PN was reported by 69% of patients (n = 83); however, of these 83 patients, PN was not documented in the medical records of 52%. An association was found between lower vitamin D levels and higher incidence of PN in the total population (P = 0.035), and in the active MM patients (P = 0.016). Conclusion This multi-centre cohort study showed that PN and hypovitaminosis D are common in MM patients, and addressing low vitamin D levels in the treatment of MM patients might be beneficial in reducing the risk of PN. More attention for PN is warranted, as PN is underreported by clinicians. Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of vitamin D in the development of PN in patients with MM. Clinical trial registration Netherland Trial Register NL5835, date of registration July 28, 2016

The Concepts of Complete Denture Occlusion amongst Dental Fraternity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Maria Shakoor Abbasi ◽  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Azad Ali Azad ◽  
Fatima Fouad ◽  
Humza Daudpota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Disorder ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
P Value ◽  
Removable Partial Denture ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: To assess the concepts of complete denture occlusion among dental fraternity. Study Design And Setting: Cross-sectional study conducted at various dental hospitals and institutes of Karachi, for a period of six months, from 1st June’2019 to 30th November’2019 Methodology: Total 849 dental practitioners who are currently practising were included. A well-structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. SPSS version 25 was used. Results: Bilateral balanced occlusion was an ideal occlusion by majority subjects i.e, 530(62.4%) in patients with wellformed ridges, followed by 464(54.7%) candidates with skeletal class 1, total 376(44.3%) chose it with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, 365(43%) in single complete denture cases, 339(39.9%) with increased inter-arch space, 298(35.1%) with parafunction habits, 296(34.9%) in patients with history of neuromuscular disorder and 271(31.9%) where a complete denture opposes a removable partial denture. Furthermore, Lingualized occlusion was preferred by 341(40.25%) participants for patients with skeletal class 3. Total 316(37.2%) candidates chose it for patients with displaceable supporting tissue followed by 264(31.1%) who chose it for skeletal 2 and 260(30.6%) for cases of highly resorbed ridges. Lastly, 311(36.6%) chose canine guided occlusion with highly resorbed ridges accompanied by high aesthetic demand A significant difference between education level and knowledge of occlusal schemes was also found. Chi-square (73.87), df 6, p-value =0.000. Conclusion: Dental practitioners lack adequate knowledge of occlusal schemes in terms of prescription in complete denture patients. A significant difference between the education level and knowledge of occlusal schemes was found. Therefore, awareness of various occlusal schemes should be increased at undergraduate level.

Impact of Land Conservation Technologies on Agricultural Productivity in Tanzania

Utafiti ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-66
Author(s):  
Onesmo Selijio
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Conservation Technologies

Land management and conservation have been considered the most important aspects of sustainable productivity in economically developing countries where land degradation is a major challenge. In Tanzania, both the government and international organizations have been promoting adoption of land management and conservation technologies (LMCTs) for a long time. This paper establishes the impact of three LMCTs – soil water conservation technologies and erosion control (SWCEC), organic and inorganic fertilizers – on maize crop yields in different rainfall zones, using national panel survey data. The study employs static panel models to analyse the two-period data sets for 2008-2009 and 2010-2011. The results indicate that adoption of LMCTs do contribute significantly to maize yield. The greatest effects of organic and SWCEC methods on crop yield were realized in low rainfall zones, while that of inorganic fertilizers was observed in high rainfall zones. These findings support previous cross-sectional data analyses, suggesting for policy makers that a blanket land management and conservation programme applied uniformly to all agro-ecological zones is not strategically beneficial. The advisability of a technology employed in a given zone should be supported by local knowledge and research findings culled from that particular area.

scholarly journals Impact of Organizational Commitment on Intention to Quit Among Psychaitric Nurses: Evidence from Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashifa Yasmin ◽  
Prof. Dr. Najib Ahmad Marzuki
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>Shortage of the nurses is an important issue in the developing and developed countries. The aim of this paper is to determine the impact of organizational commitment on intention to quit among psychiatric nurses. Based on the model of casual turnover this study assessed the direct effect of organizational commitment on nurse’s intention to quit. The cross sectional data was collected from three hundred five nurses of psychiatric hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan. Structural equation modeling was applied to achieve the objectives. The results revealed that affective commitment and normative commitment have significant impact while continuous commitment has not significant effect on nurse’s intention to quit.  So, the commitment of nurse to hospital goals, missions, and values is not enough to predict her intention to quit from job in the hospital. This study recommends that, the government and policy makers should look beyond forces in their internal and external environment, when considering how to reduce employee’s turnover intentions. This study recommends that future researchers should examine the impact of work environment on intention to quit though burnout as a unit variable. This study contributes socially and economically.</em></p><p><em> </em></p>

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Maxillofacial Defects and their Prosthetic Rehabilitation among Dental Undergraduate Students in Belagavi District- A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shreya ◽  
Ramesh P Nayakar
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Maxillofacial defects are facial disfigurements resulting from congenital abnormalities, surgical resection of tumours, trauma, or a combination of these. The resulting deformity often leads to a difficult path of recovery with lifelong consequences, causing both physical disability and mental distress. Prosthetic rehabilitation is not only a solution to cover the physical deficit, but also a way to improve function as well as the quality of life for such patients. However, the knowledge amongst undergraduate dental health professionals about the same has been at sparse. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding maxillofacial defects and their prosthetic rehabilitation amongst dental undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January 2020 and June 2020, amidst the third year, fourth year undergraduate students, and interns of Belagavi city, Karnataka, India. The data was collected using a 16-item custom designed proforma, comprising of questions evaluating student’s basic knowledge about the diagnosis, treatment procedures, and treatment planning of maxillofacial defects and their prosthetic rehabilitation. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test in each group, using SPSS version 22 p-value <0.05 to be considered significant. Results: A total of 286 participants answered the questionnaire, of which 117 (40.9%) were interns, 116 (40.6%) were third year students, and 53 (18.5%) were fourth year students. 279 (97.6%) participants had an understanding regarding maxillofacial defects. Of those who had witnessed cases, only 18.2% had observed more than three cases (p-value <0.001). Out of respondents with treatment understanding, 184 (64.3%) answered that it required a multidisciplinary approach (p-value <0.001). 197 (68.9%) of the respondents felt that silicone was the most commonly used material (p<0.003). 165 (57.7%) answered that waxes were the most commonly used impression material (p-value <0.001). Out of the respondents awared about treatment modalities, 120 (42%) respondents majority answered that CAD-CAM would contribute the most to maxillofacial rehabilitation. Conclusion: Comprehensive understanding and clinical application of prosthodontic rehabilitation of maxillofacial defects among undergraduate students was found to be lacking. This awareness should be initiated at an early stage of the clinical training for undergraduate training programme, as it will help to understand the basic aspects involved in the prosthodontic rehabilitation of maxillofacial defects.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DAN PSBB DENGAN GANGGUAN DEPRESI PADA LANSIA DI PANTI WREDA HANA CIPUTAT JAKARTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Anggun Tsabitah Rachmah ◽  
Noer Saelan Tadjudin
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Pemerintah Indonesia selama pandemi COVID-19 menerapkan PSBB (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar) dimana PSBB tersebut membuat aktivitas masyarakat dibatasi, dampaknya juga bisa dirasakan pada lansia di Panti Wreda sehingga dapat menyebabkan timbulnya gangguan depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pandemi COVID-19 dan PSBB dengan gangguan depresi pada lansia di Panti Wreda Hana Ciputat Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observational dengan desain studi cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Panti Wreda Hana Ciputat Jakarta terhadap lansia sejumlah 56 subjek penelitian yang terdiri dari perempuan 48 orang dan laki-laki 8 orang. Dari 56 subjek penelitian jumlah laki-laki 8 (14,3%) dan perempuan 48 (85,7%). Sebelum terjadinya pandemi COVID-19 dan PSBB, subjek penelitian yang tidak depresi sejumlah 49 subjek (87,5 %), kemungkinan besar depresi 6 subjek (10,7%), dan yang mengalami depresi 1 subjek (1,8%). Selama pandemi COVID19 dan PSBB, subjek penelitian yang tidak depresi 38 subjek (67,9%), kemungkinan besar depresi 14 subjek (25%), dan yang mengalami depresi 4 subjek (7,1%). Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi-square nilai p= 0,000. Dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan pandemi COVID-19 dan PSBB dengan gangguan depresi pada lansia di Panti Wreda Hana Ciputat Jakarta. The Government of Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic implemented PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions) where the PSBB made community activities restricted, the impact can also be felt on the elderly in nursing home so that it can cause depressive disorders. This research was done in order to determine the relationship of the COVID-19 pandemic and PSBB with depressive disorders in the elderly at the Ciputat Hana Nursing Home in Jakarta. This study used an observational analytic method with a cross sectional study design. The research was conducted at the Ciputat Hana Nursing Home in Jakarta for 56 elderly subjects. In the nursing home consist of 48 women and 8 men. In 56 research subjects, there were 8 (14,3%) men and 48 (85,7%) women. Before the Pandemic of COVID-19 and PSBB, there were 49 (87,5%) research subjects who were not depressed, 6 (10,7%) research subjects who were most likely depressed, and 1 (1,8%) research subject who were depressed. During the Pandemic of COVID-19 and PSBB, there were 38 (67,9%) research subjects who were not depressed, 14 (25%) research subjects who were most likely depressed, and 4 (7,1%) research subjects who were depressed. Based on Chi-Square test result, the value of P = 0,000. In conclusion, there is a correlation between the pandemic of COVID-19 and PSBB with depression disorder in the elderly at Ciputat Hana Nursing Home in Jakarta.

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