Value addition study on coker kero for producing alpha olefin and alkyl benzene

Abstract Coker kero stream is obtained from delayed coking which contains saturates with alpha olefins and PNA compounds which was physicochemical characterised. The fractions present in coker kero may be used further for value added products such as alkyl benzene and naphthalene etc. The study described potential of coker kero via aromatics and non-aromatics separation by using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), acetonitrile and methanol as solvents of different polarity. Methanol imparts best colour improvement as per ASTM D-1500. Beside this, adsorption study on coker kero was performed using fuller’s earth, chalk powder, red ochre and wood-stick’s ash as adsorbents. The adsorption study suggested that fuller’s earth not only separate aromatics and non-aromatics form coker kero, but also acts as a better adsorbent than graphitic carbon (activated charcoal) and is found suitable for colour improvement comparatively. This study inferred the separation of polar components, improvement in the colour, odour and established the stable fuel. FT-IR study suggested that N-methyl Pyrrolidone gives better results comparatively other solvents. HC22 type analysis of coker kero raffinate and extract phase confirm the sharp extraction of coker kero feed using N-Methyl pyrrolidone as it is a good solvent for extraction of aromatics. GCMS and HRMS compositional analysis successfully performed for the coker kero and it is separated aromatic and non-aromatic fractions.

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Unravelling the K-promotion effect in a highly active and stable Fe5C2 nanoparticle for catalytic linear alpha-olefin production

Materials Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ma00920b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jin Hee Lee ◽

Hack-Keun Lee ◽

Kwangsoo Kim ◽

Geunbae Rhim ◽

Min Hye Youn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Value Added ◽

Tropsch Synthesis ◽

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Promotion Effect ◽

Fischer Tropsch Synthesis ◽

Highly Active ◽

Olefin Production ◽

Alpha Olefin ◽

K Promotion ◽

Alpha Olefins

C5−C13 linear alpha() olefins (LAOs) are high-value-added chemicals acknowledged by industry. However, using catalysts to elevate the activity and selectivity of LAOs remains a major challenge for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS)....

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A technology for multifunctional hydroprocessing of oil residues (vacuum residue and atmospheric residue) on the catalysts with hierarchical porosity

Kataliz v promyshlennosti ◽

10.18412/1816-0387-2021-5-331-360 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 331-360

Author(s):

E. V. Parkhomchuk ◽

K. V. Fedotov ◽

A. I. Lysikov ◽

A. V. Polykhin ◽

E. E. Vorobyeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Economic Efficiency ◽

Material Balance ◽

Value Added ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Vacuum Residue ◽

Process Data ◽

Marine Fuel ◽

Delayed Coking ◽

Oil Refineries ◽

Atmospheric Residue

A technology for catalytic hydroprocessing of oil residues – atmospheric residue and vacuum residue – aimed to obtain high value added petrochemicals, particularly marine fuel complying with modern technical and environmental requirements, is reported. The technologyis based on the use of catalysts supported on alumina with a hierarchical structure of meso- and macropores, which are highly active and stable under severe conditions of the process. Data obtained by physicochemical analysis of the chemical composition, textural and phase properties of fresh and spent catalysts for the three-step hydroprocessing of atmospheric residue and vacuum residue are presented. A material balance for each step of the processes and a comprehensive analysis of the properties of produced petrochemicals were used to propose variants of implementing and integrating the technology at Russian oil refineries in order to increase the profit from oil refining. The introduction of the hydroprocessing of atmospheric residue at oil refineries without secondary processes will improve the economic efficiency due to selling the atmospheric residue by 84–170 % depending on a chosen scheme of the process and a required set of products. It is reasonable to integrate the catalytic hydroprocessing of vacuum residue with the delayed coking, catalytic cracking and hydrocracking processes in order to increase the depth of refining to 95 % and extend the production of marketable oil refining products: gasoline, diesel fuel, marine fuel with the sulfur content below 0.5 %, and low-sulfur refinery coke for the electrode industry. The integration of the hydroprocessing of vacuum residue with the secondary processes will increase the economic efficiency from selling the vacuum residue by a factor of 2–2.5 in comparison with its production in delayed coking units.

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Synergistic Effects of MoDTC and Overbased Calcium Sulfonate Additive

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.651.73 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 651 ◽

pp. 73-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhao Zhou ◽

Yan Qiu Xia ◽

Xiang Yu Ge

Keyword(s):

Sliding Friction ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Tribological Performance ◽

Wear Properties ◽

Sulfonate Additive ◽

Alkyl Benzene ◽

Friction Tester ◽

Calcium Sulfonate ◽

Alpha Olefin ◽

Pure Poly

The synergetic effects of molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate (MoDTC) and overbased liner alkyl benzene synthetic calcium sulfonate (OBCaS) on the tribological performance of lubricant were investigated using reciprocating ball-on-disk sliding friction tester. The results showed that the two kinds of additives with a certain range of concent ration could improve tribological properties of alone MoDTC. The mass percent of 0.5% MoDTC and 2% OBCaS in pure poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) has the best friction reducing and anti-wear properties.

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Compositional Analysis of Non-Polar and Polar Metabolites in 14 Soybeans Using Spectroscopy and Chromatography Tools

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8110557 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 557 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raghavendhar R. Kotha ◽

Savithiry Natarajan ◽

Dechun Wang ◽

Devanand L. Luthria

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Compositional Analysis ◽

Value Added ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Sample Classification ◽

Polar Metabolites ◽

Cultivated Soybean ◽

Total Oil

There has been significant interest in soybean oil, fatty acid, and sugar composition to develop new value-added soybean products. Thus, compositional analysis is critical for developing value-added soybeans. In the present study, we showed simple screening tools (near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)) coupled with multivariate analysis for the sample classification of 14 soybeans as a proof-of-concept. We further determined major non-polar and polar metabolites responsible for differences between different soybeans using gas and ion chromatography. These differences in soybean profiles were attributed to lower levels of total oil content in wild soybeans (~9%) versus cultivated soybeans (16%–22%). In addition, higher levels of linolenic acid (~17%) and stachyose (~53%) were determined in wild type, whereas higher levels of oleic acid (~19%) and sucrose (~59%) were detected in cultivated soybeans. Interestingly, one cultivated soybean had a desirable sugar profile with a high amount of sucrose (86%) and a low abundance of stachyose (9%). The correlation studies showed a positive correlation between oil and soluble sugars (R2 = 0.80) and negative correlations between methyl linolenate and soluble sugars (R2 = −0.79), oil (R2 = −0.94), and methyl oleate (R2 = −0.94) content. Both polar and non-polar metabolites showed significant differences in wild and cultivated soybeans.

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An adsorption study of gelatin onto the Fuller's earth surfaces

Journal of Applied Polymer Science ◽

10.1002/app.21635 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 98 (1) ◽

pp. 42-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. K. Bajpai ◽

Nekshri Vishwakarma

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Study ◽

Fuller’S Earth

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The Effect of Carbonyl and Hydroxyl Compounds Addition on CO2 Injection through Hydrocarbon Extraction Processes

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11010159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Asep Kurnia Permadi ◽

Egi Adrian Pratama ◽

Andri Luthfi Lukman Hakim ◽

Alfanda Kurnia Widi ◽

Doddy Abdassah

Keyword(s):

Carbon Number ◽

Compositional Analysis ◽

Injection Pressure ◽

Intermolecular Forces ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Co2 Injection ◽

Polar Compound ◽

Polar Components ◽

Fracture Pressure ◽

Hydroxyl Compounds

CO2 miscible flooding occurs when injection pressure is higher than the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) which can exceed the fracture pressure. Co-solvents are expected to reduce the MMP by interacting with various hydrocarbons that depend on the polarity and intermolecular forces of solvent and oil. However, there are limited studies that have investigated co-solvent performance in CO2 injection through an extraction process based on oil compositional analysis. This paper is aimed at studying the effects of carbonyl and hydroxyl compounds on oil extraction and also the mutual interactions of CO2-oil-carbonyl and -hydroxyl. The experiment is conducted by using VIPS (viscosity, interfacial tension, pressure-volume, and swelling) and gas chromatography (GC) apparatuses. The compositional results from GC are utilized to analyze the performance of co-solvents, which are further classified based on the carbon number and molecular structure of oil. Acetone is a non-associated polar compound which reacts easily with and assists CO2 to extract polar-aromatic heavy and slightly polar components such as alkenes and straight-chain alkanes, due to high polarizability and low cohesive forces. Ethanol is a self-associated polar compound which has the capability of extracting high-boiling fractions and slightly polar-aromatic components. Moreover, both co-solvents also assist CO2 to extract non-polar components because they have non-polar end in the alkyl group.

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Optimization of Product Distribution in the Heavy Oil Vacuum Residue High Value-added Process by Using Additives

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202019401031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 194 ◽

pp. 01031

Author(s):

Shiguang Fan ◽

Guanjun Xu ◽

He Liu ◽

Jian Wang ◽

Zongxian Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Heavy Oil ◽

Heteropoly Acid ◽

Value Added ◽

Product Distribution ◽

Fuel Oil ◽

Vacuum Residue ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Delayed Coking ◽

Light Oil

The increase in demand for fuel oil has brought higher challenges to the high value-added process of heavy oil vacuum residue, especially for delayed coking units. For optimization of product distribution, the effects of reaction temperature and chemical additives were discussed. The results show that high temperature and 1 wt% of the heteropoly acid (HPA) could increase the light oil yield in the experimental delayed coking simulation device.

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Production and characterization of the maximum liquid product obtained from co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and thermocol waste

10.21203/rs.3.rs-184413/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sowhm Swain Mohapatra ◽

Raghubansh Kumar Singh

Keyword(s):

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Liquid Product ◽

Compositional Analysis ◽

Value Added ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Pyrolysis Liquid

Abstract The current study explores co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, and thermocol waste in a semi-batch reactor to evaluate the influence of temperature, and blending ratio on yield of products, and reaction time, and thereby characterize the maximum liquid product. The properties of liquid product (bio-oil), and the solid product (bio-char) obtained from thermal sugarcane bagasse, and co-pyrolysis sugarcane bagasse: thermocol waste bio-oil were investigated for physicochemical characterizations. The compositional analysis result of the co-pyrolysis liquid product established the presence of several aromatic compounds. The co-pyrolysis liquid product manifested a higher calorific value, carbon, and hydrogen content as compared to sugarcane bagasse thermal pyrolysis bio-oil. The co-pyrolysis liquid product can be used as a liquid fuel in internal combustion engines, as well as a precursor for value-added chemicals. The properties of bio-char suggested it can be used as a solid fuel, as well as an adsorbent.

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The Effects of Alkaline Pretreatment on Agricultural Biomasses (Corn Cob and Sweet Sorghum Bagasse) and Their Hydrolysis by a Termite-Derived Enzyme Cocktail

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10081211 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1211 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mpho. S. Mafa ◽

Samkelo Malgas ◽

Abhishek Bhattacharya ◽

Konanani Rashamuse ◽

Brett I. Pletschke

Keyword(s):

Sweet Sorghum ◽

Compositional Analysis ◽

Value Added ◽

Alkaline Pretreatment ◽

Sweet Sorghum Bagasse ◽

Amorphous Cellulose ◽

Naoh Pretreatment ◽

Enzyme Cocktail ◽

Sorghum Bagasse ◽

Multifunctional Enzymes

Sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) and corncob (CC) have been identified as promising feedstocks for the production of second-generation biofuels and other value-added chemicals. In this study, lime (Ca(OH)2) and NaOH pretreatment efficacy for decreasing recalcitrance from SSB and CC was investigated, and subsequently, the pretreated biomass was subjected to the hydrolytic action of an in-house formulated holocellulolytic enzyme cocktail (HEC-H). Compositional analysis revealed that SSB contained 29.34% lignin, 17.75% cellulose and 16.28% hemicellulose, while CC consisted of 22.51% lignin, 23.58% cellulose and 33.34% hemicellulose. Alkaline pretreatment was more effective in pretreating CC biomass compared to the SSB biomass. Both Ca(OH)2 and NaOH pretreatment removed lignin from the CC biomass, while only NaOH removed lignin from the SSB biomass. Biomass compositional analysis revealed that these agricultural feedstocks differed in their chemical composition because the CC biomass contained mainly hemicellulose (33–35%), while SSB biomass consisted mainly of cellulose (17–24%). The alkaline pretreated SSB and CC samples were subjected to the hydrolytic action of the holocellulolytic enzyme cocktail, formulated with termite derived multifunctional enzymes (referred to as MFE-5E, MFE-5H and MFE-45) and exoglucanase (Exg-D). The HEC-H hydrolysed NaOH pretreated SSB and CC more effectively than Ca(OH)2 pretreated feedstocks, revealing that NaOH was a more effective pretreatment. In conclusion, the HEC-H cocktail efficiently hydrolysed alkaline pretreated agricultural feedstocks, particularly those which are hemicellulose- and amorphous cellulose-rich, such as CC, making it attractive for use in the bioconversion process in the biorefinery industry.

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