Information Literacy in the Age of Machines that Learn: Desiderata for Machines that Teach

Libri ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine L. Smith ◽  
Miriam L. Matteson
Keyword(s):  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Modern System ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
System Designs ◽  
Search Systems

Abstract With the use of machine learning and other advances, modern information search systems make it easy for searchers to access information to meet their most frequent information needs. Building from Kuhlthau’s concepts of exploration and differentiating, this article argues that along with the benefits of greater accessibility, these advances impede the development of information literacy, conceptualized as processes for planning, accessing, judging and communicating information. It is argued that information literacy emerges during interaction with search systems and modern system designs hide or render unworkable the contextual information needed for the judgment processes of information literacy. In response to these concerns, the article contributes desiderata for new designs that facilitate the discovery, navigation and use of context information.

scholarly journals Student active learning in net based education

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gahnberg ◽  
Sonja Fagerholm ◽  
Karolina Karjalainen
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
Synchronous Communication ◽  
Research Students ◽  
Contract Education

During 2018 the Anna Lindh Library at the Swedish Defence University (SEDU) offers all information literacy education online. The transformation to online teaching has a number of reasons and here are some: • The number of students is expected to grow with 30 % within the next two years. Classes will be larger and there is a scarcity of physical classrooms on the horizon. • Military contract education students have expressed wishes for more flexible learning.• The Swedish University Computer Network (SUNET) provides infrastructure and software services, hence    SEDU has adequate technological environment. As a first step in the transition to net based education, we have used the web conferencing software Adobe Connect to carry out the teaching. The teaching has been scheduled and synchronous. We have  designed it with search exercises, conducted individually or in groups to stimulate student-active learning. Synchronous design like this may also have social advantages, according to Biggs. (Biggs, 2011, p.  71).  In addition to Adobe Connect, the school's Learning Management System has been used as a synchronous communication platform with the students. According to Hrastinski technology, if properly used, it can increase learning opportunities. (Hrastinski, 2013, p.15). We also believe that online education can be a solution when the student groups grow. It enables  remote teaching and it is in close proximity to the platforms and databases used in today's information search.  One of the challenges of applying net based learning to information literacy instruction is that the students are not familiar to the technique yet. Another challenge is that librarians do not meet the same  students over a longer period of time, or not even when they need the instruction the most. Therefore the combination of scheduled synchronous instruction and asynchronous communication will possibly turn  out to be the most successful. ReferencesHrastinski, S. (2013). Nätbaserad utbildning: En introduktion (2. ed.). Lund: Studentlitteratur. Biggs, J. & Tang, C. (2011). Teaching for quality learning at university: What the student does (4. rev. ed.). Maidenhead: Open University Press.Delaney, Geraldine, & Bates, Jessica. (2018). How Can the University Library Better Meet the Information Needs of Research Students? Experiences from Ulster University. New Review of Academic  Librarianship, 24(1), 63-89.

scholarly journals On the issue of information support for the detection and investigation of armed crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Bukur ◽  
Tat'yana Abduragimova
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Search Systems

The article discusses the features of information support for the disclosure and investigation of crimes committed with the use of various types of weapons. The possibilities of information search engines are analyzed on the example of firearm records. It is noted that, despite the increasing number of crimes involving the use of self-defense weapons, such records of traces of their use are not conducted. It is pointed out that it is necessary to use modern information databases to place in them criminally significant information about firearms of limited destruction and gas weapons that leave traces on spent cartridges by analogy with traces on cartridges fired in rifled firearms. Examples of the description of traces of the use of firearms of limited destruction and gas weapons for the purpose of their subsequent encoding and processing with the help of automated information search systems are given

Interrogation Based on Semantic Annotations

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
Latreche Abdelkrim ◽  
Lehireche Ahmed ◽  
Kadda Benyahia
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Query Languages ◽  
Semantic Search ◽  
Keyword Query ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Semantic Annotations ◽  
New Process

Traditional information search approaches do not explicitly capture the meaning of a keyword query, but provide a good way for the user to express his or her information needs based on the keywords. In principle, semantic search aims to produce better results than traditional keyword search, but its progression has retarded because of to the complexity of the query languages. In this article, the authors present an approach to adapt keyword queries to querying the semantic web based on semantic annotations: the approach automatically construct structured formal queries from keywords. The authors propose a new process where they introduce a novel context-based query autocompletion feature to help the users to construct their keywords query by suggesting queries given prefixes. They also address the problem of context-based generating formal queries by exploiting user's query history, where previous queries can be used as contextual information for generating a new query. With the first tests, the authors' approach achieved encouraging results.

scholarly journals Penyuluhan Program Literasi Informasi Kesehatan dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Sanitasi bagi Masyarakat di Kaki Gunung Burangrang Kab. Bandung Barat

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Ditha Prasanti ◽  
Ikhsan Fuady
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Extension Activity ◽  
Access Information

The ability of the community to access information needs is still uneven among urban people and rural communities. The ability to access information is an open door that must be open to be able to process and understand information, especially in this case is health information. Sanitation is one component of environmental health, a deliberate behavior to civilize a clean life to prevent humans directly touched with dirt and other hazardous waste materials, in the hope of maintaining and improving human health. Therefore, the authors perform Community Service activities entitled "Health Information Literacy Program Counseling in Improving the Quality of Sanitation for the Community at the foot of Mount Burangrang Kab. Bandung Barat."Community Service Activities has a purpose to produce outcomes, namely: 1) Provide concrete knowledge and insight about health information literacy in improving the quality of sanitation for people in West Bandung regency; 2) Providing comprehensive knowledge and insight about health information literacy in improving the quality of sanitation for people in West Bandung Regency.Method of PKM implementation conducted in this extension activity is ice breaking method; Workshop methods, lectures, and action studies.  Keywords:Counseling, Literacy, Information, Health, Sanitation, West Bandung

scholarly journals INFORMATION LITERACY LEVEL OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF MALANG STUDENTS PARTICIPANT IN NATIONAL STUDENTS SCIENTIFIC WEEK 2018-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Mutia Indriyani ◽  
Moh. Safii ◽  
Yuni Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Organization ◽  
Average Score ◽  
State University ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Literacy Level

This study aimed to describe the level of literacy information of State University of Malang students participants in PIMNAS 2018 and 2019 based on six standards of literacy information. This research used descriptive research method with a quantitative approach. The results showed that the information literacy level of the State University of Malang students who participated in the PIMNAS 2018 and 2019 based on six sub-variables, there are average score of identifying information needs was 3.43; average score of information-searching behavior and information sources was 3.15; average score of information search techniques and strategies was 2.96; average score of information organization and evaluation was 3.19; average score of information use and related issues was 3.14; and average score of information sharing and knowledge creation was 3.76. The author argue that the State University of Malang Library should be involved in improving student literacy in the category of using techniques and information search strategies.

scholarly journals SOCIAL MAPPING TINGKAT LITERASI INFORMASI MASYARAKAT DESA PASEBAN, KECAMATAN KENCONG, KABUPATEN JEMBER

PAMBUDI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Tjahjanulin Domai ◽  
Ratih Nur Pratiwi ◽  
Niken Lastiti V ◽  
Anita Tri Widiyawati
Keyword(s):  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Information Usage ◽  
Social Mapping ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Public Toilets

Information literacy includes a person's knowledge relating to information needs and the ability to identify, locate, evaluate, process, and create and use information to solve existing problems effectively. The type of research used is survey research with qualitative approach. The result of research indicate that based on IDM value, Paseban Village is classified as developing village with value 0,603. The information literacy level of Paseban villagers is still moderate, that is 62,25% of people understand information access, information evaluation is 52,875% and information usage is 40 , 87%. Potential Paseban village is quite diverse ranging from agriculture, livestock and tourism. Suggested recommendation is Improvement of information literacy of Paseban villagers through training and development of information center that provides access to information for the community. Meanwhile, based on data on village potential and IDM indicator, several recommendations are improvement of water drainage to Sadar times, normalization of irrigation channels, provision of public toilets for coastal areas, agricultural training and tool assistance, greening of mangrov, training of SMEs, establishing cooperatives for fishermen and farmers and improvements village Road.

Influence of Information Literacy Competencies on Users of the Saulsville Public Library, South Africa

Mousaion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rexwhite Tega Enakrire ◽  
Isaac Mpho Mothiba
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Information Discovery ◽  
Information Literacy Competencies

Information literacy competencies indicate the ability of an individual to apply a certain search strategy of information discovery, to understand its design, to value judgement, and to use it in various contents and contexts. The influence of information literacy competencies plays an important role in enabling information users to meet their information needs and prepares them for lifelong learning. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of information literacy competencies of users in the Saulsville public library, South Africa. The rationale was a lack of awareness and the inability of the users to find their information needs based on the task and decision at hand. The descriptive survey design adopted for this study made use of a questionnaire to collect data from 1 120 registered members of the Saulsville library. Of the 1 120 registered users being the population for the study, the authors purposively used 10 per cent (112 members) of the population as sample size. The findings revealed that users of the Saulsville public library had limited awareness and competencies of information literacy. The users were exposed to some form of library orientation and the use of library resources during their visit to the library. The findings further indicated that the users’ information literacy competencies were affirmed through the quality of information obtained and the satisfaction of library services rendered by library staff. The study recommends the acquisition of new technologies that could enhance users’ interactive information literacy training in public libraries and formal education settings.  

Minimizing Bias in Forensic Handwriting Examinations

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Alewijnse ◽  
E.J.A.T. Mattijssen ◽  
R.D. Stoel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Potential Bias ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Management Procedures

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the increasing awareness about the potential bias on the interpretation and conclusions of forensic handwriting examiners (FHEs) by contextual information. We briefly provide the reader with an overview of relevant types of bias, the difficulties associated with studying bias, the sources of bias and their potential influence on the decision making process in casework, and solutions to minimize bias in casework. We propose that the limitations of published studies on bias need to be recognized and that their conclusions must be interpreted with care. Instead of discussing whether bias is an issue in casework, the forensic handwriting community should actually focus on how bias can be minimized in practice. As some authors have already shown (e.g., Found & Ganas, 2014), it is relatively easy to implement context information management procedures in practice. By introducing appropriate procedures to minimize bias, not only forensic handwriting examination will be improved, it will also increase the acceptability of the provided evidence during court hearings. Purchase Article - $10

The Components of Information Literacy Treatment in Women Cancer Patients (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Farzin ◽  
Hassan Behzadi ◽  
Azam Sanatjoo ◽  
Soodabeh Shahidsaleth
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Medical Tests ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

BACKGROUND The information literacy treatment, which comprises an important part of the process of disease, is one of the aspects of health literacy and this concept has been explored in fewer studies. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study is to investigate the state of the components of information literacy treatment in Women cancer patients. METHODS This is an applied, survey-based study. The population consists of 143 Women cancer patients were selected employing a cluster random sampling procedure. Data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire includes 37 questions consisting of six categories—medications, treatment methods, nutrition, medical tests, treatment costs, and sport exercise. RESULTS The findings showed that patients had the most information needs in the five components (except sport exercise). In addition to, the most important source of information for patients was the doctor and, of course, some of the other medical staff. Also, all the identified criteria for cancer patients were important in using the information sources for treatment. The problems such as: specialized content, unfamiliarity with the medical terms, the complexity of the treatment process, are very important to the patients. CONCLUSIONS The health professionals play an important role in shortening the interval between the patients` need for information and receiving information. It is recommended for the health authorities to hold free classes in health centers and prepare simple and comprehensible materials in these courses.

Information needs of breast cancer patients and how educational status influence their information needs in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 096100062098161
Author(s):  
Benedicta Boadi ◽  
George Tesilimi Banji ◽  
Patrick Adzobu ◽  
Stephen Okyere
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

Health information literacy plays a critical role in self-management practices among patients living with chronic health conditions. However, there are limited studies on information needs among breast cancer patients in Ghana. This paper therefore investigated the information needs of women living with breast cancer in Ghana and how educational status influenced their information needs. The study was conducted in two health facilities in Accra, Ghana (37 Military Hospital and Sweden Ghana Medical Centre). A total of 75 breast cancer patients were conveniently selected from the two health facilities for the study. The instrument used to elicit relevant data for this study was a questionnaire using the survey design. Data was analysed descriptively. The findings of the study revealed that the information needs of the breast cancer patients investigated were centred mainly around treatment and management information and less around preventive information. The patients also ranked diagnostic information as their highest need, followed by physical care information, treatment information, psychosocial information and disease-specific information in that order. Patients with higher education reported higher information need on all the five domains compared to those with lower education. The study therefore recommended that management of health facilities make health information literacy an integral component of their treatment and management of breast cancer.

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