scholarly journals Linear and structural changes in rural space – the positive and problematic aspects (case of Latvia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 669-676
Author(s):  
Baiba Rivza ◽  
Maiga Kruzmetra ◽  
Peteris Rivza
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Territorial Unit ◽  
Cooperation Network ◽  
National Significance ◽  
Geographical Locations

AbstractRural areas as a space have many features in common: land as a significant resource for economic activity, forests as a natural kind of climate-friendly environment, a low population density, etc. At the same time, the natural resources of rural areas tend to be exploited in a different way, which is determined by the different activities of the population of a particular territorial unit about the exploitation of the natural resources. By employing cluster analysis, an analysis of 110 administrative-territorial units forming the space outside cities of national significance allowed identifying the geographical locations of the least economically developed territorial units and the most specific socio-economic characteristics of the units. Geographically, the territorial units were spread across all the planning regions in Latvia, while business and entrepreneurship there focused on the use of natural resources, i.e. agriculture, forestry and fisheries. The trend has been observed since 2009 and requires seeking innovative ideas for changing the situation, one of which could be the expansion of the e-environment and e-commerce in these areas as well as the establishment of a cooperation network for home producers.

scholarly journals Landscape use of protected areas in the Hódmezővásárhely micro-region

2009 ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
Krisztián Kis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Territorial Unit ◽  
The Social ◽  
Landscape Use ◽  
The One

One of the biggest questions of developing rural areas is that people and organisations living and making their activity there how and in what measure utilize the local or obtainable externalresources. The concept of the landscape expresses the direct connection of the natural resources with the socio-economic processes. This is a two-way connection, (1) on the one hand the single landscapes provide the unique combination of natural conditions for the socio-economic utilisation which is different from other landscapes, (2) on the other hand as the result of the interaction of natural spheres together with the social and economic spheres the landscapes change in a different manner and in a different measure. The landscape as a territorial unit and as a resource is inseparable from the natural resources, and the natureconservation plays an increasingly important role in the use of the landscape and landscape management, which is an essential task not only in protected areas, but everywhere. The natural resources, the landscape, the nature conservation and the landscape use are related tightly, in which the so-called ecological/biological resources and their sustainable use have asignificant role. 

scholarly journals Czekanowski’s Diagram and Spatial Data Cluster Analysis for Planning Sustainable Development of Rural Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11404
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Oleniacz
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Result Interpretation

Defects in the spatial structure of agricultural land resulting from the common phenomenon of land fragmentation constitute one of the most important factors that contribute to the lack of rational land management. Reconstruction of the spatial structure of rural areas is essential for their sustainable development. The process of land consolidation is a tool that can arrange space and lead to the desired structural changes. It is reasonable to select objects for land consolidation in such a way as to obtain the best possible effect. This article presents an algorithm for grouping areas with the concentration of the external land ownership patchwork with the use of Czekanowski’s method of cluster analysis. The clusters determined this way can be treated as the whole objects subjected to land consolidation, for which the process will bring the greatest benefits in terms of the elimination of the external land ownership patchwork. The described algorithm is relatively simple to use and the graphical final form is easy for the result interpretation. It allows for multi-variant examination of the analyzed phenomenon and can be applied wherever there is access to reliable information from land registry and cadastral and GIS databases that are used to obtain a complete picture of the spatial and ownership structure of the analyzed areas.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Shopping Centers In Rural Areas And Small Towns In The Outer Metropolitan Zone (The Example Of The Silesian Voivodeship)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystian Heffner ◽  
Małgorzata Twardzik
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Shopping centers in the Silesian Voivodeship have a significant impact on smaller settlement units located in outer areas of agglomerations. It consists mainly in changes related to social, economic, as well as functional and spatial spheres. Studies shows that shopping centers take over more and more functions of higher order (services, public culture, administration) and restrict the economic activity in rural areas outer areas of agglomerations. At the stage of the irrepressible process of suburbanisation of rural areas surrounding large urban agglomerations and structural changes in towns, it is difficult to conclusively assess the consequences of the operation of shopping centers in outer metropolitan areas. The impact of shopping centers on small towns and rural areas is a very dynamic process and requires systematic research.

scholarly journals A More Objective Procedure for Determining Economic Subregions: Cluster Analysis

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Thomas Cox ◽  
Bernard Siskin ◽  
Allan Miller
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Objective Procedure ◽  
Analytical Tools

In his 1967 presidential address to the AAEA, Charles E. Bishop raises the question: “Why have agricultural economists not devoted more resources to the study of structural changes in rural communities and to public policies relating to the location of economic activity and of population?”. Later in the address, he partially provides the answer through the comment that “We must reorient our thinking in terms of location and scale of organizations and interrelations among firms and among communities … it will be necessary for us to make basic changes in our philosophical approaches to problems, our analytical tools,…”.

scholarly journals SPATIAL PLANNING AS THE BASIS FOR SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT, CONSOLIDATION OF EFFORTS AND SOLIDARITY OF THE UNITED EUROPE PART 2. (Part 1 is in the previous issue of the journal)

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-99
Author(s):  
Iryna Berezhna ◽  
◽  
Olena Grishnova ◽  
Ekaterina Mikhurinskaia ◽  
Artem Berezhnoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Supporting Frame

Considering that the goal of the spatial development of the European Union is to ensure the sustainable development of European regions, strengthen democratic structures at the regional and municipal levels and increase competitiveness, the usefulness of spatial planning is justified. This will allow improving the placement of productive forces, resettlement schemes, highlighting the areas of the most important natural objects, taking into account economic specialization, the level of development, the nature of the use of natural resources and economic potentials, etc. An integrated approach to spatial planning is proposed, which provides for identifying the features of the supporting frame, zoning the territory taking into account social, economic and environmental characteristics, and optimizing the territorial structure. This will create conditions for overcoming structural changes in the spatial development of the region related to the need to regulate land use processes, the integration of various regions (industries, companies), the development of single-industry towns and rural areas, the optimization of transport corridors, and the stabilization of the environmental background. Attention is paid to the harmonious mutual development of ecological and economic systems, which is provided by the design of the architecture of the supporting and ecological frames. At the same time, the results of studies on the level of anthropogenic and technogenic load, maximum permissible standards for the use of natural resources (water bodies, land resources, air, etc.), as well as, the presence of pathogenic zones, should be taken into account. The implementation of the proposed approach requires the consolidation of the efforts of territorial communities at different levels, based on the principles of cooperation, integration and unification, which will consider the general development trends and specific characteristics of the territories. The main result will be the strengthening of the commonwealth, strengthening the solidarity of the participating countries in achieving strategic guidelines for the balanced development of the European Union and effectively countering modern challenges.

scholarly journals SPATIAL PLANNING AS THE BASIS FOR SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT, CONSOLIDATION OF EFFORTS AND SOLIDARITY OF THE UNITED EUROPE PART 1.

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-117
Author(s):  
Iryna Berezhna ◽  
Olena Grishnova ◽  
Ekaterina Mikhurinskaia ◽  
Artem Berezhnoy
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Supporting Frame

Considering that the goal of the spatial development of the European Union is to ensure the sustainable development of European regions, strengthen democratic structures at the regional and municipal levels and increase competitiveness, the usefulness of spatial planning is justified. This will allow improving the placement of productive forces, resettlement schemes, highlighting the areas of the most important natural objects, taking into account economic specialization, the level of development, the nature of the use of natural resources and economic potentials, etc. An integrated approach to spatial planning is proposed, which provides for identifying the features of the supporting frame, zoning the territory taking into account social, economic and environmental characteristics, and optimizing the territorial structure. This will create conditions for overcoming structural changes in the spatial development of the region related to the need to regulate land use processes, the integration of various regions (industries, companies), the development of single-industry towns and rural areas, the optimization of transport corridors, and the stabilization of the environmental background. Attention is paid to the harmonious mutual development of ecological and economic systems, which is provided by the design of the architecture of the supporting and ecological frames. At the same time, the results of studies on the level of anthropogenic and technogenic load, maximum permissible standards for the use of natural resources (water bodies, land resources, air, etc.), as well as, the presence of pathogenic zones, should be taken into account. The implementation of the proposed approach requires the consolidation of the efforts of territorial communities at different levels, based on the principles of cooperation, integration and unification, which will consider the general development trends and specific characteristics of the territories. The main result will be the strengthening of the commonwealth, strengthening the solidarity of the participating countries in achieving strategic guidelines for the balanced development of the European Union and effectively countering modern challenges.

TILTAI IR KELTAI KAIP XVIII AMŽIAUS VILNIAUS PAVIETO BAJORŲ TEISINIŲ GINČŲ OBJEKTAI IR NUSIKALTIMŲ ERDVĖS

2018 ◽  
pp. 299-318
Author(s):  
Domininkas Burba
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Common Type ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Green Bridge ◽  
Violent Conflicts ◽  
The City

Bridges and ferries, as objects of dispute and crime locations among the eighteenth century nobles of Vilnius district, is the main topic of research in this article. Case materials and auxiliary documents from the records of Vilnius district castle and land courts reveal how often bridges are mentioned in the court processes in both violent and non-violent crimes. Research explores what types of violent crimes took place on bridges or ferries most often. It also works on questions of geographic localisation and statistics, discussing general situation of bridges in Vilnius and its neighbouring areas in the eighteenth century. Bridges are regularly mentioned in the books of the eighteenth century Vilnius castle and land courts, albeit most references are not related to conflicts and bridges are mentioned as orientation marks or in reference to location of a real estate object. Both non-violent legal disputes, involving bridges as objects, and violent crimes on the bridges were not in multitude, however non-violent crimes were in smaller numbers. There were seven dispute cases about lands, properties and plots of land where bridges and ferries are mentioned. Non-violent conflicts mostly took place in rural areas of the district, four of them, and three such disputes happened in Vilnius (one on the Green Bridge and two on the bridges over the River Vilnia). Most commonly recorded violent crime on a bridge was beating and, since this was the most common type of crime perpetrated by nobles in the eighteenth century Vilnius district, this trend is logical. A bridge is once mentioned in the record about a raid. In terms of location, more crimes on the bridges took place in the rural space, although this particular space wasn’t dominant, since six crimes were reported in the province and five in the city – two in Vilnius on the Green (Stone) Bridge, two on the bridges over the River Vilnia and one on a ferry near Šnipiškės. Trends in crime locations match general crime tendencies in Vilnius district, where more crimes took place in the rural space than in the urban one. One may guess, that the rare mention of bridges partially testifies to the fact that in the eighteenth century Vilnius district level of communication was not high and there were not too many bridges. On the other hand, when assessing trends in violent crimes in Vilnius district it was revealed that bridge based crimes comprised only one percent of all crimes. Having in mind that bridge is a relatively small object, compared to several different or other urban and rural spaces, this number isn’t that small. Keywords: Vilnius district, castle court, land court, crimes, nobles, peasants, bridges, ferries, passings.

Theoretical and methodological approaches to environmental and economic assessment of the Baikal territory

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-56
Author(s):  
S.M. Nikonorov ◽  
S.N. Kirillov ◽  
S.V. Solovieva ◽  
A.A. Pakina
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Management Efficiency ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Current assessments of sustainability are based on traditional indicators and need to be adjusted. The article analyzes the factors of environmental management efficiency and shows the interdependence of ecosystems’ state and economic development on example of the Baikal natural area. The development of economic activity in the region largely dependson the ability to use the water resources of the lake Baikal, which is experiencing a significant anthropogenic load, and the basis for the regulation of natural resources are prohibitive and restrictive mechanisms that do not take into account the interests of the local population. The article proposes approaches to improving the assessment of development, taking into account the socio-economic and environmental indicators of the Baikal natural area.

Status, Impact, and Factor Determining Rural Non-farm Economy of India: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Income Inequalities ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Impact

The rural non-farm sector (RNFS) involves a spectrum of economic activity in rural areas and encompasses all rural productive entities other than farm holdings. It has the potential to play a pivotal role in holistic and inclusive development of India’s rural areas by increasing the employment and wages of rural labour, which can reduce income inequalities. The review was carried out in order to explain the present status of RNFE state wise as well as overall to get a comprehensive view on the topic. The review study also focuses to disaggregate RNFE on the basis of gender, size of landholding and castes. Literature depicting the impact of RNFE on rural livelihoods especially in employment and poverty and factors determining it also been compiled to get an overall idea on the study.

Human potential in the system of social and economic development: problems and prospects of Vinnytsia region

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Olesya Tomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The article highlights the problems and prospects of human development, which is the basis for the long-term strategies of social and economic growth of different countries and regions at the present stage. Submitting strategies of this type provides an opportunity to focus on individual empowerment and to build a favorable environment for effective management decisions in the field of forming, maintaining, and restoring human potential. The analysis of the Vinnytsia region human potential dynamics in the regional system of social and economic development factors was carried out. Application of generalized assessment of the regional human development index components allowed the identification of the main trends that characterize the formation of human potential of the territory, including the reproduction of the population, social environment, comfort and quality of life, well-being, decent work, and education. The article emphasizes that despite some positive changes in the social and economic situation of the region and in assessing the parameters of its human development level relative to other regions of Ukraine, Vinnytsia region is now losing its human potential due to negative demographic situation and migration to other regions and countries. The main reason for such dynamics is proven to be related to the outdated structure of the region's economy, the predominance of the agricultural sector, the lack of progressive transformations in the development of high-tech fields of the economy. An important factor is the low level of urbanization of the region, which leads to the spread of less attractive working conditions and less comfortable living conditions. The key factors that cause the growth of urbanization in the region have been identified, including the significant positive impact of the transport and social infrastructure expansion, the lack of which in rural areas leads to a decrease in the level and comfort of life. Without progressive structural changes in the economy and the resettlement system, the loss of human potential will continue.

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