Morphological characterization, thermal, and mechanical properties of compatibilized high density polyethylene/polystyrene/organobentonite ternary nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 827-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Yahiaoui ◽  
Ouahida Bensebia ◽  
Assia Siham Hadj-Hamou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
High Density ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing

Abstract Composite materials made from high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polystyrene (PS) were successfully prepared in different HDPE/PS weight ratios, by melt mixing 3 wt% of bentonite clay organically modified with hexadecyl ammonium chloride (organo-modified bentonite, OBT). The structure and morphology of these composites were examined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Morphological changes between the composite and the constituent materials were observed. The decrease in PS (or HDPE) particle size in HDPE/PS 70/30 (or 30/70) that blend after the OBT addition reflects a clear improvement in the HDPE/PS blend compatibility. The effect of OBT on the thermal and mechanical properties was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and tensile measurements. The main results show a decrease in the HDPE crystallinity in the composite matrices, which reaches 25% for HDPE/PS/OBT 29/68/3 composite, also an improvement of the thermal stability, as evidenced by the higher Tonset values, and finally a reinforcement of the tensile properties as compared to the unfilled blends. Indeed, a significant enhancement of the tensile modulus (~130%) is observed for the 68/29/3 composite matrix as compared to the 70/30 unfilled blend.

Tuning the Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene by ECAE Process

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalin Fetecau ◽  
Felicia Stan ◽  
Laurentiu Sandu ◽  
Florin Susac
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
High Density ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Plastic Deformations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Indentation Tests

This paper investigates the ability of the equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process to induce morphological changes and hence tune the mechanical properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In this study, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), compression and cylindrical macro-indentation tests have been used to investigate the evolution of the mechanical properties of HDPE processed by ECAE up to four passes via route BC, i.e. counter clockwise 90° billet rotation about its longitudinal axis. It was found that the ECAE process induces significant plastic deformations with changes in the crystalline structure. The ECAE process increased the HDPE crystallinity by 10 to 15%. The number of ECAE passes has a significant effect on the magnitude of the mechanical properties especially on the elastic modulus and yield stress. Young’s modulus and yield strength decreased with increasing the number of ECAE passes and reached a stationary state after the third pass.

Exploration on compatibilizing effect of nonionic, anionic, and cationic surfactants on mechanical, morphological, and chemical properties of high-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene/cellulose biocomposites

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
AK Sudari ◽  
AA Shamsuri ◽  
ES Zainudin ◽  
PM Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Sodium Stearate ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Compatibilizing Effect

Three types of surfactants, specifically cationic, anionic, and nonionic, at different weight percentages were added into high-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene/cellulose (HDPE/LDPE/cellulose) biocomposites via melt mixing. The cationic and anionic surfactants which are hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) and sodium stearate (SS), respectively, were added from 4 to 20 wt%, whereas the nonionic surfactant which is sorbitan monostearate (SM) was added from 1 to 5 wt%. The mechanical testing results exhibited that the addition of HTAB increased tensile strength and tensile modulus, while SS deteriorated mechanical properties, while SM increased impact strength and tensile extension of the biocomposites. Based on the mechanical properties results, optimum weight percentages of HTAB and SM were 12 wt% and 4 wt%, respectively. The scanning electron microscopic micrographs displayed that the amount of cellulose fillers pullout decreased with the addition of HTAB, followed by SM, but it increased with SS. Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffractometer patterns, thermogravimetric analysis results, and differential scanning calorimetry thermograms have confirmed the presence of physical interactions only with the addition of HTAB and SM. Based on the results, compatibilizing effect was found in HTAB, whereas SM has not showed compatibilizing effect but instead plasticizing effect. However, neither compatibilizing nor plasticizing effect was exhibited by SS.

Role of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube on Mechanical Reinforcement of High-Density Polyethylene

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Ran Miao ◽  
Yuan Jiang Qi ◽  
Xiao Yun Li ◽  
Yu Zhu Wang ◽  
Xiao Long Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Mechanical Reinforcement ◽  
Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
X Ray Scattering

The high density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites were prepared by melt mixing HDPE with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). In this work, the morphological, nucleation, crystallization and mechanical properties of the HDPE nanocomposites were studied by scanning electron microscopy, different scanning calorimetry, small-angle X-ray scattering and tensile testing. It was found that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus is increased by 42.4% and 116.5% at 3.wt% MWCNT loading compared to the pure HDPE. According to SEM results combined with SAXS, well-defined nanohybird shish-kebab (NHSK) entities exist in the composites, and in the shish-kebab structures fibrillous carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) act as shish while HDPE lamellae act as kebab. The crystallization behavior, probed by DSC, suggests that MWCNTs have strong nucleation ability and shear stress plays an important role in polymer crystallization process. The mechanical properties demonstrated that the formation of the Shish-kebab structures improved the interfacial adhesion and brought obvious mechanical enhancement for the HDPE/MWCNTs nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Graphene Nanoplatelet-Reinforced Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/High Density Polyethylene Blend-Based Nanocomposites with Enhanced Thermal and Electrical Properties

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Behera ◽  
Mithilesh Yadav ◽  
Fang-Chyou Chiu ◽  
Kyong Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Isothermal Crystallization ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
High Density ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelet ◽  
Polyethylene Blend ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Mixing Method

In this study, a graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) was used as a reinforcing filler to prepare poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/high density polyethylene (HDPE) blend-based nanocomposites through a melt mixing method. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that the GNP was mainly distributed within the PVDF matrix phase. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that PVDF and HDPE retained their crystal structure in the blend and composites. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the addition of GNP enhanced the thermal stability of the blend, which was more evident in a nitrogen environment than in an air environment. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that GNP facilitated the nucleation of PVDF and HDPE in the composites upon crystallization. The activation energy for non-isothermal crystallization of PVDF increased with increasing GNP loading in the composites. The Avrami n values ranged from 1.9–3.8 for isothermal crystallization of PVDF in different samples. The Young’s and flexural moduli of the blend improved by more than 20% at 2 phr GNP loading in the composites. The measured rheological properties confirmed the formation of a pseudo-network structure of GNP-PVDF in the composites. The electrical resistivity of the blend reduced by three orders at a 3-phr GNP loading. The PVDF/HDPE blend and composites showed interesting application prospects for electromechanical devices and capacitors.

Mechanical Properties of Selected Types Thermoplastic Materials Modified by High Doses of Ionizing Beta Radiation under Thermal Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Martin Bednarik ◽  
Adam Skrobak ◽  
Vaclav Janostik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
High Density ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
High Doses

This study deals with the effect of high doses of ionizing beta radiation (132, 165 and 198 kGy) on mechanical properties (tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation) of low and high density polyethylene under thermal loading. The measurement results of this study indicate that with an increasing dose of radiation grows tensile strength and modulus of low and high density polyethylene. For all examined materials were also observed changes in elongation.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Ternary System Based on Starch-Grafted-Polyethylene/High Density Polyethylene/Halloysite Nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
Walid Fermas ◽  
Mustapha Kaci ◽  
Remo Merijs Meri ◽  
Janis Zicans
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
High Density ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Content Ratio

In this paper, the effect of unmodified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) content on the chemical structure and the thermal and mechanical properties of blends based on starch-grafted-polyethylene (SgP) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) (70/30 w/w) nanocomposites was investigated at various filler content ratios, i.e. 1.5, 3 and 5 wt.%. The study showed the occurrence of chemical interactions between the polymer matrix and HNTs through OH bonding. Further, the addition of HNTs to the polymer blend led to an increase in the crystallization temperature of the nanocomposite samples, in particular at higher filler contents i.e. 3 and 5 wt.%, while the melting temperature remained almost unchanged. Tensile and flexural properties of the nanocomposite samples were however improved compared to the virgin blend with respect to the HNTs content ratio.

Dielectric, thermal and mechanical properties of zirconium silicate reinforced high density polyethylene composites for antenna applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 14943-14950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jobin Varghese ◽  
Dinesh Raghavan Nair ◽  
Pezholil Mohanan ◽  
Mailadil Thomas Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Zirconium Silicate ◽  
Polyethylene Composites

Dielectric, thermal and mechanical properties of ZrSiO4reinforced high density polyethylene composites and their device prototype.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties, Wettability and Thermal Degradation of HDPE/Birch Fiber Composite

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1459
Author(s):  
Agbelenko Koffi ◽  
Fayçal Mijiyawa ◽  
Demagna Koffi ◽  
Fouad Erchiqui ◽  
Lotfi Toubal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
High Density ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Wood–plastic composites have emerged and represent an alternative to conventional composites reinforced with synthetic carbon fiber or glass fiber–polymer. A wide variety of wood fibers are used in WPCs including birch fiber. Birch is a common hardwood tree that grows in cool areas such as the province of Quebec, Canada. The effect of the filler proportion on the mechanical properties, wettability, and thermal degradation of high-density polyethylene/birch fiber composite was studied. High-density polyethylene, birch fiber and maleic anhydride polyethylene as coupling agent were mixed and pressed to obtain test specimens. Tensile and flexural tests, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry analysis and surface energy measurement were carried out. The tensile elastic modulus increased by 210% as the fiber content reached 50% by weight while the flexural modulus increased by 236%. The water droplet contact angle always exceeded 90°, meaning that the material remained hydrophobic. The thermal decomposition mass loss increased proportional with the percentage of fiber, which degraded at a lower temperature than the HDPE did. Both the storage modulus and the loss modulus increased with the proportion of fiber. Based on differential scanning calorimetry, neither the fiber proportion nor the coupling agent proportion affected the material melting temperature.

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