Characteristics of poly(lactic acid) reinforced composites with waste cotton

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuju Zhang ◽  
Juncai Shen ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
Bihua Ye ◽  
Zhidan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Crystallization Properties

Abstract In this study, waste cotton cloth (RC) was bonded with soluble starches as an adhesive, then dried, cut into particles and filled into polylactic acid (PLA) to achieve resource efficiency. The mechanical, thermal and crystallization properties of the composites were characterized. The results indicated that with the addition of RC, the tensile strength, impact strength and flexural strength of PLA composites improved. Also, the heat distortion temperatures increased slowly, indicating that RC filled into PLA can be turned back into useful items without the degradation of PLA composites. This is a good way to give direction to the resource utilization of waste clothing. The addition of RC could significantly reduce the spherulitic size of PLA.

Mechanical and Morphological Behavior of Blends Obtained from Biopolymers (PLA/PLC)

2014 ◽  
Vol 775-776 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Taciana Regina de Gouveia Silva ◽  
Bartira Brandão da Cunha ◽  
Pankaj Agrawal ◽  
Edcleide Maria Araújo ◽  
Tomás Jefférson Alves de Mélo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Morphology Analysis ◽  
Morphological Behavior

In this work, the effect of the PCL content and E-GMA compatibilizer on the mechanical properties and morphology of poly (lactic acid) - PLA/ poly (ε-caprolactone)-PCL blends was investigated. The results of the mechanical properties showed that there was a reduction in the elastic modulus and tensile strength when PCL was added to PLA. The decrease in the modulus was more pronounced when the PCL content was increased from 10 to 20% (wt). The PLA/PCL/E-GMA blend showed the lower modulus and tensile strength. This blend also presented the higher elongation at break and impact strength. The morphology analysis by SEM showed that the PLA/PCL blends where characterized by lack of adhesion between the PLA and PCL phases. The presence of E-GMA in the PLA/PCL/E-GMA blend improved the adhesion between the PLA and PCL phases.Keywords: poly (latic acid); poly (ε-caprolactone); polymer blends; compatibilizer

scholarly journals Biocomposites based on polylactic acid and their thermal behavior after recycing

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineta Srebrenkoska ◽  
Gordana Bogoeva Gaceva ◽  
Dimko Dimeski
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Neat Polymer ◽  
Rice Hulls

<p>In this study, rice-hull-filled poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biocomposites were prepared through the addition of 5 wt.% PLA-grafted-MA (CA) for the enhancement of adhesion between the polymer matrix and natural filler. The composites containing 30 wt.% rice hulls (RH) were prepared by compression molding, with particular attention given to the introduction of recycled PLA matrix, as well as to the possibility of the recycling and reuse of PLA/RH biocomposites. For all biocomposites, produced from neat polymer and RH and those produced after the recycling of PLA/RH composites, the mechanical and thermal properties were analyzed and compared to those of a commonly used thermoplastic based-polymer, polypropylene (PP), containing the same reinforcement. Thermal stability of biocomposites based on recycled PLA matrix and of the new composites produced from recycled ones was practically unchanged. Introduction of the recycled PLA matrix into biocomposites resulted in decreased flexural modulus and strengths of about 50%. Utilization of the mixture obtained after the thermal-mechanical recycling of the whole biocomposite resulted in a composite with slightly increased flexural modulus and decreased flexural strength.</p><p>The obtained results have shown that rice-hull-filled poly(lactic acid) biocomposites could be recycled and utilized for the production of new eco-materials with acceptable thermal and mechanical properties. Namely, the results for flexural strength and modulus of the recycled biocomposite samples are comparable to those of conventional formaldehyde wood medium density fiberboards used as construction elements for indoor applications.</p><br /><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong>  biocomposites, polylactic acid, polypropylene, rice hulls, compression moulding.</p>

Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blend and its Composite: Effect of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Poly(lactic acid) as a Compatibilizer

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpaporn Teamsinsungvon ◽  
Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat ◽  
Kasama Jarukumjorn
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Composite Effect ◽  
Elongation At Break

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blend and its composite were prepared by melt blending method. Maleic anhydride grafted PLA (PLA-g-MA) prepared in-house was used as a compatibilizer to enhance the interfacial adhesion between PLA and PBAT and also to improve the dispersion of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in polymer matrices. Increasing PBAT content (10-30 wt%) resulted in the improvement of elongation at break and impact strength of PLA. Tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and impact strength of PLA/PBAT blend improved with the presence of PLA-g-MA due to enhanced interfacial adhesion between PLA and PBAT. As CaCO3 (5 wt%) was incorporated into the compatibilized blend, tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and impact strength insignificantly changed while elongation at break decreased.

scholarly journals Valorization of Sugarcane Straw for the Development of Sustainable Biopolymer-Based Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3335
Author(s):  
Jorge R. Robledo-Ortíz ◽  
Alan S. Martín del Campo ◽  
Juan A. Blackaller ◽  
Martín E. González-López ◽  
Aida A. Pérez Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Sugarcane Straw ◽  
Filler Reinforcement

Sugarcane straw (SCS) is a common agro-industrial waste that is usually incinerated or discarded in fields after harvesting, increasing the importance of developing added-value applications for this residue. In this study, sustainable biocomposites were produced, and the effect of sugarcane straw as a filler/reinforcement of commercial biopolymers was evaluated. Biocomposites were prepared using polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), or green polyethylene (Green-PE) with different fiber contents (20, 30, and 40 wt.%). Dry-blending followed by compression molding was used for the biocomposites preparation. The results showed that PLA, PHB, and PHBV biocomposites retained the same impact strength as the neat matrices, even with 40 wt.% of sugarcane straw. The flexural and tensile modulus of PLA, PHB, and PHBV biocomposites increased with 20% of SCS, whereas, in Green-PE biocomposites, these properties increased at all fiber contents. Since any compatibilizer was used, both the flexural and tensile strength decreased with the addition of SCS. However, even with the highest content of SCS, the tensile and flexural strength values were around 20 MPa, making these materials competitive for specific industrial applications.

Comparison between Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid and Natural Rubber Blend Using Calcium Carbonate and Vetiver Grass Fiber as Fillers

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punmanee Juntuek ◽  
Chaiwat Ruksakulpiwat ◽  
Pranee Chumsamrong ◽  
Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Elongation At Break

From our previous study, natural rubber (NR) was used to improve toughness of poly (lactic acid) (PLA). Impact strength and elongation at break of PLA was increased when adding NR. Moreover, by using NR-g-GMA as compatibilizer for PLA and NR blend, impact strength and elongation at break was improved. However, tensile strength and modulus of PLA/NR blend with and without NR-g-GMA were decreased. In this study, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and vetiver grass fiber were used as fillers in PLA/NR blend. With the addition of CaCO3 into PLA/NR blend with NR-g-GMA, impact strength and modulus of the composite were further increased with a loss in tensile strength. In contrast, the addition of vetiver grass fiber into PLA/NR blend with NR-g-GMA led to an increase in tensile strength and modulus and a decrease in impact strength and elongation at break. The onset degradation temperatures of PLA composites were lower than that of PLA and PLA/NR blend.

Effect of low nanoclay content on the physico-mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Robledo-Ortíz ◽  
AS Martín del Campo ◽  
EJ López-Naranjo ◽  
M Arellano ◽  
CF Jasso-Gastinel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Nanoclay Content ◽  
The Impact

In this work, three different nanoclays (1.44P, 1.34MN, and Cloisite 15A) were used to reinforce an injection grade poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared using three different nanoclay concentration levels (1, 3, and 5 wt%) in a twin-screw extruder. To evaluate their mechanical performance (static and dynamic tests) and thermal properties, the respective samples were obtained by injection molding. Results showed that the three nanoclays significantly increased the tensile and flexural modulus of the injection grade PLA. The 1.34MN NCs also showed improvement in the tensile strength. An increment in flexural strength was obtained with 1.34MN and 1.44P nanoclays, while with nanoclay 15A, the flexural strength decreased. Additionally, the use of 5 wt% of 1.44P nanoclay allowed an increase in impact strength while using 1.34MN and 15A nanoclays, the impact strength was similar to the one observed for pure PLA. In general, mechanodynamic analysis results showed that storage modulus increased with nanoclay content; while thermogravimetric analysis indicated that none of the nanoclays has a significant effect over the degradation temperature of pure PLA. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the crystallinity of PLA is enhanced with nanoclay inclusion. For 1.34MN NCs, X-ray diffraction observations exposed that the mineral clay relative intensity peaks disappeared indicating nanoclay exfoliation, which contributes to the increase in tensile and flexural strength in the NCs. Nevertheless for 1.44P and 15A nanoclays, an increase in the interlayer distance (intercalation) was detected.

scholarly journals Response Surface Methodology for the Optimization of Preparation of Biocomposites Based on Poly(lactic acid) and Durian Peel Cellulose

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patpen Penjumras ◽  
Russly Abdul Rahman ◽  
Rosnita A. Talib ◽  
Khalina Abdan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Preparation Condition ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid

Response surface methodology was used to optimize preparation of biocomposites based on poly(lactic acid) and durian peel cellulose. The effects of cellulose loading, mixing temperature, and mixing time on tensile strength and impact strength were investigated. A central composite design was employed to determine the optimum preparation condition of the biocomposites to obtain the highest tensile strength and impact strength. A second-order polynomial model was developed for predicting the tensile strength and impact strength based on the composite design. It was found that composites were best fit by a quadratic regression model with high coefficient of determination (R2) value. The selected optimum condition was 35 wt.% cellulose loading at 165°C and 15 min of mixing, leading to a desirability of 94.6%. Under the optimum condition, the tensile strength and impact strength of the biocomposites were 46.207 MPa and 2.931 kJ/m2, respectively.

scholarly journals The effect of dynamic vulcanization on the morphological and mechanical properties of the toughened poly (lactic acid)/epoxidized natural rubber

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Amira Sahirah Abdullah ◽  
Zurina Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Dynamic Vulcanization ◽  
The Impact

Poly (lactic acid)/epoxidized natural rubber (PLA/ENR) was prepared by using counter-rotating twin-screw extruder. For dynamic vulcanization process, ENR was compounded with 3 phr of N, N’-m-phenylenebismaleimide (HVA-2) as a crosslinking agent. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of unvulcanized and dynamically vulcanized of ENR on the properties of PLA/ENR blend. The blending of PLA with ENR was prepared with the various composition of ENR (0 wt% to 30 wt%). The morphology and mechanical properties of the blends were investigated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), tensile test, and impact test. The unvulcanized blend produced a co-continuous morphology of PLA and ENR and the dynamically vulcanized blend shows the dispersed ENR rubber particles in PLA continuous matrix.  For both systems, the tensile strength value was dropped with the increasing amount of ENR content. The impact strength of both systems shows the maximum value at 20 wt% of ENR content. However, dynamically vulcanized PLA/ENR blend shows a better tensile strength and impact strength value as compared with unvulcanized blend.

Study on the Mechenical Properties of PPC/PLA Blends Modified by POSS

2013 ◽  
Vol 741 ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Yue Peng ◽  
Wen Yong Liu ◽  
Guang Sheng Zeng ◽  
Xiang Gang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Aliphatic Polycarbonate ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Aliphatic polycarbonate Polycarbonate/poly (lactic acid)/(PPC/PLA) blends were prepared by melt blending, 1,2-propanediol isobutyl POSS (P-POSS) were added into the blends as a compatilizer and reinforcer. The morphologies, mechanical properties and rheological properties of blends were investigated systematically. The results showed that the adding of P-POSS could improve the compatibilization of PPC and PLA obviously. The thermal stability of the blends was enhanced but the crystallization was effected slightly. Moreover, the tensile strength and impact strength of blends exhibited a considerably increase.

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