scholarly journals Valorization of Sugarcane Straw for the Development of Sustainable Biopolymer-Based Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3335
Author(s):  
Jorge R. Robledo-Ortíz ◽  
Alan S. Martín del Campo ◽  
Juan A. Blackaller ◽  
Martín E. González-López ◽  
Aida A. Pérez Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Sugarcane Straw ◽  
Filler Reinforcement

Sugarcane straw (SCS) is a common agro-industrial waste that is usually incinerated or discarded in fields after harvesting, increasing the importance of developing added-value applications for this residue. In this study, sustainable biocomposites were produced, and the effect of sugarcane straw as a filler/reinforcement of commercial biopolymers was evaluated. Biocomposites were prepared using polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), or green polyethylene (Green-PE) with different fiber contents (20, 30, and 40 wt.%). Dry-blending followed by compression molding was used for the biocomposites preparation. The results showed that PLA, PHB, and PHBV biocomposites retained the same impact strength as the neat matrices, even with 40 wt.% of sugarcane straw. The flexural and tensile modulus of PLA, PHB, and PHBV biocomposites increased with 20% of SCS, whereas, in Green-PE biocomposites, these properties increased at all fiber contents. Since any compatibilizer was used, both the flexural and tensile strength decreased with the addition of SCS. However, even with the highest content of SCS, the tensile and flexural strength values were around 20 MPa, making these materials competitive for specific industrial applications.

Mechanical Property Improvement of Poly(Butylene Succinate) by Reinforcing with Modified Fumed Silica

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasirada Weerasunthorn ◽  
Pranut Potiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Fumed Silica ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Ir Spectrophotometry

Fumed silica particles (SiO2) were directly added into poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) by melt mixing process. The effects of amount of fumed silica particles on mechanical properties of PBS/fumed silica composites, those are tensile strength, tensile modulus, impact strength as well as flexural strength, were investigated. It was found that the mechanical properties decreased with increasing fumed silica loading (0-3 wt%). In order to increase polymer-filler interaction, fumed silica was treated with 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPMS), and its structure was analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometry. The PBS/modified was found to possess better tensile strength, tensile modulus, impact strength and flexural strength that those of PBS/fumed silica composites.

Characteristics of poly(lactic acid) reinforced composites with waste cotton

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuju Zhang ◽  
Juncai Shen ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
Bihua Ye ◽  
Zhidan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Crystallization Properties

Abstract In this study, waste cotton cloth (RC) was bonded with soluble starches as an adhesive, then dried, cut into particles and filled into polylactic acid (PLA) to achieve resource efficiency. The mechanical, thermal and crystallization properties of the composites were characterized. The results indicated that with the addition of RC, the tensile strength, impact strength and flexural strength of PLA composites improved. Also, the heat distortion temperatures increased slowly, indicating that RC filled into PLA can be turned back into useful items without the degradation of PLA composites. This is a good way to give direction to the resource utilization of waste clothing. The addition of RC could significantly reduce the spherulitic size of PLA.

scholarly journals Injection Molded of Bio-Micro-Composites from Natural Fibers and Polylactic Acid

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Subyakto Subyakto ◽  
Euis Hermiati ◽  
Nanang Masruchin ◽  
Ismadi Ismadi ◽  
Kurnia Wiji Prasetiyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Optimum Composition ◽  
Automotive Application ◽  
Composition Ratio ◽  
Sisal Fibers

Green composites were needed by automotive industries because they are environmentally friendly, recyclable, lightweight and strong. Natural fibers such as bamboo and sisal are potential source of these materials and can be used as substitutes of fiber glass which is hard to recycle and not renewable.  In this experiment, bio-composites made from micro fibers of betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) and sisal (Agave sisalana) mixed with a natural polymer of polylactic acid (PLA) were developed that may used for automotive application. Bamboo or sisal fibers were converted into pulp and processed using a disc refiner to produce microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with fiber diameter around 10 µm. MFC was mixed with PLA and triacetin and dried. The mixture was processed in a mixer at temperature of 170ºC, speed of 60 rpm for 20 min. The compound mixture was removed and processed into pellets using a pelletizer at 170ºC. Pellets were processed using injection molding machine. The compositions of fibers/PLA were 10/90, 20/80, and 30/70. The mechanical properties were tested in accordance with ASTM standards. Result shown that optimum composition ratio of bamboo fibers/PLA was 20/80 which gave flexural strength of 62.30 MPa, flexural modulus of 3.89 GPa, tensile strength of 44.55 MPa, tensile modulus of 1.20 GPa, and hardness of 112.90 R. While the optimum composition ratio of sisal fibers/PLA was 30/70 which gave flexural strength of 67.83 MPa, flexural modulus of 4.43 GPa, tensile strength of 48.18 MPa, tensile modulus of 1.13 GPa, and hardness of 110.50 R.

scholarly journals Effect of Ading Nanocarbon Black on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Amer Hameed Majeed ◽  
Mohammed S. Hamza ◽  
Hayder Raheem Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Dispersion Method ◽  
Carbon Black Nanoparticles

The study covers the effect of nanocarbon black particles (N220) on some important mechanical properties of epoxy reinforced with it [carbon black nanoparticles]. The nanocomposites were prepared with (1 to 10 wt. %) of carbon black nanoparticles using ultrasonic wave bath machine dispersion method. The results had shown that the tensile strength , tensile modulus of elasticity, flexural strength and impact strength are improved by (24.02%,7.93%,17.3% and 6% ) respectively at 2wt % .The compressive strength and hardness are improved by (44.4%, 12%) at 4wt%.

Effect of wood particle size on selected properties of neat and recycled wood polypropylene composites

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 3427-3442
Author(s):  
Vedat Çavuş ◽  
Fatih Mengeloğlu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Elongation At Break

Neat polypropylene (PP)- and post-industrial recycled polypropylene (rPP)-based wood-plastic composites (WPC) were manufactured using 40% mahogany wood flour (WF). The effect of particle size (0.074 to 0.149 mm, 0.177 to 0.250 mm, and 0.400 to 0.841 mm) on the selected properties of PP and rPP composites was studied. The influence of 3% maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) presence in the formulation was also evaluated. Test specimens were manufactured using a combination of extrusion and injection molding processes. The density and mechanical properties, such as flexural strength, flexural modulus, tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation at break, hardness and impact strength values were determined. Morphology of the manufactured composites was also studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Results showed that the particle size, polypropylene type (neat or recycled), and presence of MAPP had important effects on WPC’s properties. Density, flexural modulus, tensile modulus, and impact strength values increased with decreased particle size regardless of the presence of MAPP. Flexural strength values increased with decreased particle size without MAPP. Regardless of particle size, addition of MAPP in composites provided higher flexural strength, flexural modulus, tensile strength, and tensile modulus values but lower elongation at break values compared to composites without MAPP.

Evaluation of morphological characteristics and mechanical performance of Rockforce mineral fiber- and glass fiber-reinforced polyamide-6 composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseyin Unal ◽  
A. Mimaroglu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Elongation At Break

AbstractIn this study, the effect of addition of Rockforce mineral and glass fiber fillers on the mechanical properties and morphological characteristics of polyamide-6 composites were evaluated and compared. Reinforcements, single and mixed compounds by various weight ratios between 10 and 30 wt%, were added to polyamide-6 polymer. Uniaxial tensile, Izod impact, and flexural tests were carried out. Tensile strength, elongation at break, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength were obtained. The results showed that the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of polyamide-6 composite increased with the increase in the glass fiber ratio and are slightly influenced by the addition of Rockforce mineral fibers. Moreover, the impact strength follows an increasing and decreasing profile, whereas elongation at break values decreased with the increase in reinforcement ratio. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was used for comparison and evaluation of the fracture surface of the polyamide-6 composite.

The Development of Thermostatically Biodegradable Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Yeng Fong Shih ◽  
Zheng Ting Chen ◽  
Wei Lun Lin ◽  
Po Chun Chiu ◽  
Chin Hsien Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
New Type ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate

The purpose of this research is to develop a new type of environmentally friendly container which has thermostatic effect and is biodegradable. This study is based on polylactic acid (PLA) and maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene succinate (MAPBS). Subsequently, the diatomite which adsorbed polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added to prepare a thermostatic biodegradable composite. The addition of MAPBS is to improve the compatibility between PLA and diatomite. In addition, the thermostatic effect, tensile strength, thermal deformation temperature and impact strength of the composite were investigated.

Eco-Friendly Composites Based on Bitter Tea Oil Meal and Polylactic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Yeng Fong Shih ◽  
Jia Yi Xu ◽  
Nian Yi Wu ◽  
Yu Ting Chiu ◽  
Hui Ming Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
The Cost

Bitter tea oil meal (BTOM) is the main waste from the production of bitter tea oil which is squeezed from bitter tea seeds. The purpose of this study is to reuse the BTOM as an additive of the polylactic acid (PLA) to prepare eco-friendly composites. The effects of the addition of BTOM and maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene succinate (MAPBS) on the properties of PLA were investigated. The addition of MAPBS is mainly to increase the toughness of the PLA, and to increase the compatibility between BTOM and PLA. The experimental results show that the compatibility of PLA and BTOM and impact resistance of the composites can be improved by addition of MAPBS. The composite with 5% BTOM and 8% MAPBS exhibited the best tensile strength. In addition, the composite with 5% BTOM and 5% MAPBS has the best impact strength. It was found that the addition of BTOM and MAPBS can promote the crystallization of PLA. Moreover, the addition of BTOM not only can reduce the usage of PLA and the cost of the materials, but also reuse and reduce the waste from food industry.

Mechanical Behaviour of Polylactic Acid Parts Fabricated via Material Extrusion Process: A Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Peter Kayode Farayibi ◽  
Babatunde Olamide Omiyale
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Extrusion Temperature ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational

The acceptance and application of functional parts produced via additive manufacturing technologies is faced with challenges of poor surface finish, dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties among other which is mostly dependent on process parameters employed. In this study, the effect of infill density, layer thickness and extrusion temperature on mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) part manufactured using fused deposition modelling process was investigated to obtain optimum process parameters to achieve the best properties. Solid cuboid bars were produced from which tensile, impact and hardness test specimens were obtained. A statistical approach based on Taguchi design of experiment was employed with process parameters varied and grey relational analysis coupled with principal component analysis was employed to obtain the unified optimum parameter. The single optimisation results showed that 50% infill density, 220°C extrusion temperature and 0.4 mm layer thickness resulted in best tensile strength; 30% density, 210°C temperature and 0.2 mm layer thickness is required to achieve the best impact strength, while 50% density, 215°C temperature and 0.3 mm thickness is required for highest hardness. The multi-response optimisation indicated that for the best of all the three properties to be achieved at once in a PLA built part, 50% infill density, 220°C extrusion temperature and 0.3 mm is required which yielded tensile strength of 30.02±2.15 MPa, impact strength 4.20±0.12 J and hardness of 76.80±0.38 BHN.

Preliminary Study of HDPE/Kenaf/MMT Nano-Hybrid Biocomposite: Performance of HDPE/Kenaf Biocomposite

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Mohamad Asnawi bin Ya’acob ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
Suffiyana Akhbar ◽  
Mohd Faizal Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Hybrid Biocomposite

This work studies the performance of HDPE/kenaf biocomposite by varying the kenaf loading from 10 wt% to 50 wt%. Compounding has carried out by using single screw extruder. The result indicates that at 10 wt% of kenaf loading gave the highest tensile and impact strength which are25.32 MPa and 102.25 MPa respectively. Beside, at 10% to 50% of kenaf loading show increasing tensile modulus, flexural modulus and flexural strength with increment of kenaf fiber but decreasing in tensile strength and impact strength.

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