Mobility and health: European cities networking for sustainable mobility and healthier cities

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-312
Author(s):  
Florinda Boschetti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Major Health ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Primary Risk Factor ◽  
Active Can

Abstract A sedentary lifestyle is a primary risk factor of non–communicable diseases in Western Countries causing major health problems for individuals and great economic costs for the society as a whole. Getting more active can be easily achieved by introducing active travel into everyday life. Unattractive built environments, poor connections and car-dominated spaces are too often discouraging people from being more active. However, we are witnessing the rise of a new urban mobility culture in cities.

scholarly journals Use of the Sustainable Mobility Efficiency Index (SMEI) for Enhancing the Sustainable Urban Mobility in Greek Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1709
Author(s):  
Maria Morfoulaki ◽  
Jason Papathanasiou
Keyword(s):  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Specific Procedure ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility

Since 2013, the European cities have been encouraged to develop local Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs) according to the specific procedure that was launched by the Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport (DG Move) and updated in 2019. One of the most critical steps in this 12-step procedure is the assessment—with specific criteria—of all the alternative measures and infrastructure, which will be optimally combined, in order to better satisfy the problems and the achieve the vision of each area. The aim of the current work is to present the development and implementation of a methodological framework based on the use of multicriteria analysis. The framework targets the capturing of opinions of the relevant local experts in order to evaluate alternative sustainable mobility measures, and also prioritize them using the Sustainable Mobility Efficiency Index (SMEI).

scholarly journals QUEST QUALITY MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Klára Macsinka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility

Abstract The article introduces a method to evaluate and develop quality of sustainable mobility planning in European cities. This tool has been worked out by a European Consortium of experts representing 14 countries in Europe. The author - as the Hungarian member and auditor of the Consortium - participated in the project working as an auditor in four Hungarian cities, leading them through the process of the QUEST-method and helping the cities to develop a systematic way of planning sustainable mobility. In the article the process will be shown, advantages, lessons learned, drawbacks and possible future development of the method will be explained.

A Governmental Analysis of Children “At Risk” in a World of Physical Inactivity and Obesity Epidemics

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa McDermott
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Late Modernity ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Social Currency ◽  
Primary Risk Factor

A number of scholars have noted the increased social currency that a risk vocabulary has come to assume in late modernity. This vocabulary has been deployed in discourses o physical inactivity and obesity, wherein children have increasingly been identified as an at-risk population leading a sedentary lifestyle, which is culturally represented as a primary risk factor for obesity and ultimately ill health. This article explores the usefulness of Foucault’s governmental perspective in problematizing the function served and effects produced by a risk vocabulary within discourses and practices directed at intervening in the childhood inactivity and obesity epidemics with a specific focus on the Canadian context.

Transferring Urban Mobility Studies in Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to Other Large MENA Cities: Steps toward Sustainable Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houshmand Masoumi ◽  
Erik Fruth
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Mobility Studies ◽  
Legal Constraints

AbstractThe number of urban mobility studies and projects in the three large metropoles of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo, is growing while other large cities do not enjoy a large share. It would be efficient for those other large cities to adapt the experiences, projects, and studies of Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to their own contexts. This paper can help facilitate that adaptation. It investigates the transferability and generalisability of the findings of a recent publication by the lead author on mobility choices in Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to some other large cities of more than one million inhabitants in the MENA region. The discussion provided here can provide decision-makers in the MENA region with guidance on how to utilise the findings from a recent study on Tehran/Istanbul/Cairo in their own contexts. T-tests were conducted to test the comparability of the three base cities with a sample 57 others with populations of over one million people. The results show that it would be possible to adapt the urban mobility studies of the three base megacities to 3 to 27 cities based on different criteria. Key suggestions identified by this study include providing local accessibility, neighbourhood facilities, and cycling facilities as well as removing social and legal constraints to cycling, advertising cycling, informing people about the harm arising from the overuse of cars, and increasing street connectivity by adding intersections. According to the findings, these evidence-based recommendations can enhance sustainable mobility for the inhabitants of up to 27 large cities.

scholarly journals The Relation Between Residential Self-Selection and Urban Mobility in Middle Eastern Cities: the Case of Alexandria, Egypt

Urban Forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houshmand Masoumi ◽  
Mohamed R. Ibrahim ◽  
Atif Bilal Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Residential Location ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Location Choices ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractThe present paper attempts to fill a part of the gap in the studies on residential location choices and their relations to urban mobility, socio-economics, and the built environment by presenting the results of a study on Alexandria, Egypt, by analysing the results of a survey in eight neighbourhoods undertaken in 2015. Four questions were answered in this study: (i) “How are the main drivers behind residential location choices in Alexandria connected to various socio-demographic groups or people with different availability to urban and built environments?”, (ii) “How are the main residential self-selections in Alexandria associated with one another and which are the most important?”, (iii) “How are the housing location-related decisions of Egyptians similar to or different from international decisions?”, and (iv) “How can planners and decision-makers use the knowledge produced by this study for urban planning and housing in Egypt?”. Library work and the results of a Χ2 test of independence show that availability of transportation modes, nice neighbourhoods, and affordability are the strongest motives behind decisions. However, socio-economic factors are generally stronger than urban mobility and spatial issues. These findings are partly different from those of high-income countries.

scholarly journals Smart and Resilient Urban Futures for Sustainability in the Post COVID-19 Era: A Review of Policy Responses on Urban Mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6486
Author(s):  
Christina Kakderi ◽  
Eleni Oikonomaki ◽  
Ilektra Papadaki
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Urban Futures ◽  
Made In

The COVID-19 pandemic has put lifestyles in question, changed daily routines, and limited citizen freedoms that seemed inalienable before. A human activity that has been greatly affected since the beginning of the health crisis is mobility. Focusing on mobility, we aim to discuss the transformational impact that the pandemic brought to this specific urban domain, especially with regards to the promotion of sustainability, the smart growth agenda, and the acceleration towards the smart city paradigm. We collect 60 initial policy responses related to urban mobility from cities around the world and analyze them based on the challenge they aim to address, the exact principles of smart growth and sustainable mobility that they encapsulate, as well as the level of ICT penetration. Our findings suggest that emerging strategies, although mainly temporary, are transformational, in line with the principles of smart growth and sustainable development. Most policy responses adopted during the first months of the pandemic, however, fail to leverage advancements made in the field of smart cities, and to adopt off-the-shelf solutions such as monitoring, alerting, and operations management.

scholarly journals Promoting Sustainable Mobility: A Perspective from Car and Public Transport Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4715
Author(s):  
Audrius Dėdelė ◽  
Auksė Miškinytė
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Bicycle Safety ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Significant Factors

Sustainable mobility is becoming a key factor in improving the quality of life of the residents and increasing physical activity (PA) levels. The current situation of sustainable mobility and its analysis is a first step in understanding the factors that would encourage residents to discover and choose alternative modes of travel. The present study examined the factors that encourage the choice of active modes of travel among urban adult population. Walking and cycling were analyzed as the most sustainable forms of urban mobility from the perspective of car and public transport (PT) users. Total of 902 subjects aged 18 years or older were analyzed in the study to assess commuting habits in Kaunas city, Lithuania. The majority (61.1%) of the respondents used a passenger vehicle, 28.2% used PT, and only 13.5% used active modes of travel. The results showed that safer pedestrian crossings, and comfortable paths were the most significant factors that encourage walking. A wider cycling network, and bicycle safety were the most important incentives for the promotion of cycling. Our findings show that the main factors encouraging walking and cycling among car and PT users are similar, however, the individual characteristics that determine the choice of these factors vary significantly.

scholarly journals Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan and Health Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4403
Author(s):  
Ilenia Spadaro ◽  
Francesca Pirlone
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Health Security ◽  
European Guidelines ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility

The topic of sustainable mobility is now a priority at the urban level. Today’s cities are often very busy, polluted, and dangerous. Therefore, to encourage sustainable mobility is important; it brings territorial development, environment, health, society, and economy benefits. The corona virus disease-19 (COVID) emergency, which occurred at the beginning of 2020, highlighted the already critical situation in many cities and how our mobility habits were not, even before, so sustainable. Within sustainable mobility, the concept of safety and security is important to consider. In the literature, safe mobility is often associated with the theme of accidents. The pandemic has highlighted the need to consider safety also from a health point of view. Municipalities, as known, also according to European guidelines, have a specific tool at their disposal to promote sustainable mobility: the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP). This paper intends to propose a methodological approach aimed at integrating the health security aspect in the SUMP. In this research, in order to promote safe mobility, different aspects were considered: accidents, risk perception, and health emergencies. For each aspect, specific indicators and good practices were proposed for the achievement and monitoring of the expected results. The paper refers to the European context with particular attention to Italy; La Spezia was chosen as a case study.

scholarly journals Review of Whole System Simulation Methodologies for Assessing Mobility as a Service (MaaS) as an Enabler for Sustainable Urban Mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5591
Author(s):  
Mark Muller ◽  
Seri Park ◽  
Ross Lee ◽  
Brett Fusco ◽  
Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
City Region ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Transportation Simulation ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽  
The Impact

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is an emerging concept that is being advanced as an effective approach to improve the sustainability of mobility, especially in densely populated urban areas. MaaS can be defined as the integration of various transport modes into a single service, accessible on demand, via a seamless digital planning and payment application. Recent studies have shown the potential reduction in the size of automobile fleets, with corresponding predicted improvements in congestion and environmental impact, that might be realized by the advent of automated vehicles as part of future MaaS systems. However, the limiting assumptions made by these studies point to the difficult challenge of predicting how the complex interactions of user demographics and mode choice, vehicle automation, and governance models will impact sustainable mobility. The work documented in this paper focused on identifying available methodologies for assessing the sustainability impact of potential MaaS implementations from a whole system (STEEP—social, technical, economic, environmental, and political) perspective. In this research, a review was conducted of current simulation tools and models, relative to their ability to support transportation planners, to assess the MaaS concept, holistically, at a city level. The results presented include: a summary of the literature review, a weighted ranking of relevant transportation simulation tools per the assessment criteria, and identification of key gaps in the current state of the art. The gaps include capturing the interaction of demographic changes, mode choice, induced demand, and land use in a single framework that can rapidly explore the impact of alternative MaaS scenarios, on sustainable mobility, for a given city region. These gaps will guide future assessment methodologies for urban mobility systems, and ultimately assist informed decision-making.

Lipoprotein(a) as a unique primary risk factor for early atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e243231
Author(s):  
John Mayo ◽  
Thomas Hoffman ◽  
Ryan Smith ◽  
Dwight Kellicut
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Primary Risk Factor

Elevated plasma lipoprotein(a) is a relatively common condition that contributes to many cardiovascular diseases. However, the awareness and testing for this condition remain low. Herein, we present a case of an otherwise healthy and active man who developed symptoms of peripheral arterial disease starting at age 49, and was found to have hyper-lipoprotein(a) as his only notable risk factor. Diagnosis was not made until years later, after an extensive workup. Upon further screening, he was also found to have subclinical coronary and carotid artery atherosclerotic disease. The patient was treated with aspirin, statin, niacin and angioplasty to bilateral superficial femoral arteries with good symptom resolution. Early screening of his son also revealed a similarly elevated lipoprotein(a) level. It is important to raise awareness of this condition and its relationship to early-onset peripheral arterial disease so patients and their families can be appropriately identified, counselled and treated.

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