Standort und Raumstruktur

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henner Kleinewefers
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
New Economic Geography ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Set Up

SummaryThe paper surveys traditional and more recent contributions to the Theory of Regional Economics. It starts by introducing the basic research questions in this field. Then the contributions of von Thünen, Weber and Christaller, explaining the regional distribution of economic activity in agriculture and industry are presented and put in perspective, together with the generalizations of Lösch and von Böventer. Center-periphery issues, agglomeration-deglomeration forces and the relations between Regional and International Economics are discussed. Finally the paper shifts to the new set up oft the field, called New Economic Geography. The revitalization of the program owns much to Krugman, whose basic model is outlined as a starting point. The paper hints to several attractive extensions of this basic model. The paper, acknowledging the model’s simple and elegant structure, raises however some doubts on its empirical relevance and its value for policy makers. In addition it seems quite poor in institutional detail, compared to the earlier literature.

scholarly journals Ersetzt die Neue Ökonomische Geographie Außenwirtschaftstheorie und Raumwirtschaftstheorie?

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schöler
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Monopolistic Competition ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
New Economic Geography ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Trade Theory ◽  
Heterogeneous Goods ◽  
The One

SummaryThe New Economic Geography has two advantages in comparison with the traditional Theory of International Trade. On the one hand, the transport costs are included into the respective models. On the other hand, the factor endowment in the regions or countries is not given in the same way as in the traditional Trade Theory, but it is a result of different transport costs. The New Economic Geography has also great advantages in the field of Regional Economics. It is possible to explain the phenomenon of agglomerations by means of a total microeconomic model with economies of scale in one industry, monopolistic competition and heterogeneous goods. The New Economic Geography completes the traditional theories - Trade Theory and Regional Economics - in important aspects, but does not yet replace these approaches.

Sectors and industry regions – Case study italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmuth Gomez ◽  
Gabriela Antošová
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Regional Economic Development ◽  
Uneven Distribution ◽  
New Economic Geography ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
Italian History ◽  
Basic Parameters

The aim of the article is to describe the tangible and lasting uneven regional distribution of manufacturing in Italy, as the result of a historical reinforcing process. In doing so, we cite the basic parameters typically applied by the New Economic Geography approach and try to relate some global developments in the Italian history, with the seemingly outright influence of such specific theoretical parameters. The method is merely descriptive and uses a map and some manufacturing statistics for spotlight the actual sectorial distribution of employment as an evidence of the divergent process. For underpinning the analytical interpretation, we consult the previous contribution of some Italian economists and historians setting forth the consolidation of Italian manufacturing expansion and its startling spatial concentration. The descriptive style of the article ends up highlighting the pervasive influence of historical inertia on the regional economic development and the pertinence of New Economic Geography framework for interpreting the uneven distribution of manufacturing across the space.

Regional economics: A new economic geography perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Behrens ◽  
Jacques-François Thisse
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
New Economic Geography

scholarly journals Local Productive Arrangements and their influences in regional economics development

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Demeure Adolfo Menezes Pessoa ◽  
Vandre Alex da Silva ◽  
Fabiano Palhares Galão ◽  
José Carlos Rogel ◽  
Cláudio Luiz Chiusoli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Economic Trend ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Economic Geography ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Economical Development ◽  
The Moment

The article possesses the mark of demonstrating the paper of the clusters in the regional economical development by the actors' cooperation in the productive chain. By this way was used a bibliographical review and descriptive-exploratory as methodology to realize this work. The article shows as it results the substation of the companies agglomerateds formation in several region, do they belongs at the same business or of the existing companies suppliers, like a alternative way to search of the competitive advantadge.  That can be deserved yet like a new economic trend in Brazil and in the other wolrd region, that do the companies adopt a different way in front of the new challenges. By the way it´s generator of a new economic geography of development, therefore to start from the moment that occurs this corporate cohesion, whose purpose is the seek of the competitive advantadge, that can be used to put down the production costs, to promote the exportation and permit the technological innovations.

scholarly journals Secure Internal Data Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Peter Kieseberg ◽  
Sebastian Schrittwieser ◽  
Edgar Weippl
Keyword(s):  
European Level ◽  
Market Models ◽  
Typical Data ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Data Market ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Global Data ◽  
Market Concept

The data market concept has gained a lot of momentum in recent years, fuelled by initiatives to set up such markets, e.g., on the European level. Still, the typical data market concept aims at providing a centralised platform with all of its positive and negative side effects. Internal data markets, also called local or on-premise data markets, on the other hand, are set up to allow data trade inside an institution (e.g., between divisions of a large company) or between members of a small, well-defined consortium, thus allowing the remuneration of providing data inside these structures. Still, while research on securing global data markets has garnered some attention throughout recent years, the internal data markets have been treated as being more or less similar in this respect. In this paper, we outline the major differences between global and internal data markets with respect to security and why further research is required. Furthermore, we provide a fundamental model for a secure internal data market that can be used as a starting point for the generation of concrete internal data market models. Finally, we provide an overview on the research questions we deem most pressing in order to make the internal data market concept work securely, thus allowing for more widespread adoption.

MODELING THE SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN FROM MEDIUM TO HIGH RESOLUTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela Gabioux ◽  
Vladimir Santos da Costa ◽  
Joao Marcos Azevedo Correia de Souza ◽  
Bruna Faria de Oliveira ◽  
Afonso De Moraes Paiva
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Surface Relaxation ◽  
The South ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Set Up

Results of the basic model configuration of the REMO project, a Brazilian approach towards operational oceanography, are discussed. This configuration consists basically of a high-resolution eddy-resolving, 1/12 degree model for the Metarea V, nested in a medium-resolution eddy-permitting, 1/4 degree model of the Atlantic Ocean. These simulations performed with HYCOM model, aim for: a) creating a basic set-up for implementation of assimilation techniques leading to ocean prediction; b) the development of hydrodynamics bases for environmental studies; c) providing boundary conditions for regional domains with increased resolution. The 1/4 degree simulation was able to simulate realistic equatorial and south Atlantic large scale circulation, both the wind-driven and the thermohaline components. The high resolution simulation was able to generate mesoscale and represent well the variability pattern within the Metarea V domain. The BC mean transport values were well represented in the southwestern region (between Vitória-Trinidade sea mount and 29S), in contrast to higher latitudes (higher than 30S) where it was slightly underestimated. Important issues for the simulation of the South Atlantic with high resolution are discussed, like the ideal place for boundaries, improvements in the bathymetric representation and the control of bias SST, by the introducing of a small surface relaxation. In order to make a preliminary assessment of the model behavior when submitted to data assimilation, the Cooper & Haines (1996) method was used to extrapolate SSH anomalies fields to deeper layers every 7 days, with encouraging results.

scholarly journals Twitter in Marketing Practice of the Religious Media. An Empirical Study on Catholic Weeklies in Poland

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Iwona Leonowicz-Bukała ◽  
Andrzej Adamski ◽  
Anna Jupowicz-Ginalska
Keyword(s):  
Communication Channel ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Religious Media ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Marketing Tool

This article presents the partial conclusion of the research project devoted to marketing activity of Polish Catholic opinion-forming weeklies on the social media platforms. The main aim of this article is to present the results of the study on the use of Twitter as a marketing tool by Polish nationwide Catholic opinion-forming weeklies. The basic research questions concerned the extent of utilizing the platform by the magazines’ editors to create and distribute the content of their media product, maintain and develop brand communication and self-promotion. The case studies and the content analysis of the accounts of the three magazines—Gość Niedzielny, Tygodnik Katolicki Niedziela and Przewodnik Katolicki—show that there are three different ways in how the editors of the magazines understand the role of the Twitter account of the title they represent—as an ‘active communicator’, ‘active communicator and community supporter’ or ‘community supporter’. The conclusions show that the studied media fairly efficiently use the visual and distributional potential of the platform as well as some of its features, at the same time missing the chance to build a brand-loyal community. They also limit the role of Twitter to that of a supplement for the main communication channel, which is the printed weekly and its website.

scholarly journals Toxicity Induced by Cytokines, Glucose, and Lipids Increase Apoptosis and Hamper Insulin Secretion in the 1.1E7 Beta Cell-Line

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2559
Author(s):  
Antonia Diaz-Ganete ◽  
Aranzazu Quiroga-de-Castro ◽  
Rosa M. Mateos ◽  
Francisco Medina ◽  
Carmen Segundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hybrid Cell ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Beta Cell Line ◽  
Starting Point

Basic research on types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus require early stage studies using beta cells or cell lines, ideally of human origin and with preserved insulin secretion in response to glucose. The 1.1E7 cells are a hybrid cell line resulting from the electrofusion of dispersed human islets and PANC-1 cells, capable of secreting insulin in response to glucose, but their survival and function under toxic conditions remains untested. This characterization is the purpose of the present study. We treated these cells with a cytokine mix, high glucose, palmitate, and the latter two combined. Under these conditions, we measured cell viability and apoptosis (MTT, Caspase Glo and TUNEL assays, as well as caspase-8 and -9 levels by Western blotting), endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (EIF2AK3, HSPA4, EIF2a, and HSPA5) by real-time PCR, and insulin secretion with a glucose challenge. All of these stimuli (i) induce apoptosis and ER stress markers expression, (ii) reduce mRNA amounts of 2–5 components of genes involved in the insulin secretory pathway, and (iii) abrogate the insulin release capability of 1.1E7 cells in response to glucose. The most pronounced effects were observed with cytokines and with palmitate and high glucose combined. This characterization may well serve as the starting point for those choosing this cell line for future basic research on certain aspects of diabetes.

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