scholarly journals Semiotics and education, semioethic perspectives

Semiotica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (213) ◽  
pp. 247-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Petrilli
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Relational Dynamics ◽  
Physical Organic ◽  
The Face

Abstract“Semioethics” is a neologism coined in the early 1980s to highlight the relation between signs and values, identity and otherness. It keeps account of Victoria Welby’s concept of “significs” and of Sebeok’s “global semiotics” with its critique of glottocentric and anthropocentric tendencies. Together both sources, significs and global semiotics, provide the context for contributions from semioethics to education. Semioethics recovers the ancient vocation of semiotics, originally “semeiotics,” for life and its wellbeing. It elicits the importance of applying an interdisciplinary approach and a “detotalizing method” in education by contrast to the totalizing approaches of grand narratives. The human being is endowed with a “primary modeling device,” also called “language,” and with it “syntactics.” Semioethics considers the role of these special characteristics that specify the human being as a human being, a “semiotic animal,” and addresses the human propensity for creativity, critique, and responsibility for health over the globe, both in terms of physical-organic materiality, the body, and of semiotic materiality, signs and values. These characteristics can be developed and enhanced through a specifically “linguistic education” with a particular emphasis on otherness, dialogue, and listening. Practicing semioethics becomes more pressing in the face of the relational dynamics between the historical-social and biological spheres, between culture and nature, between semiosphere and biosphere, and between semiotics, biosemiotics, and education.

Questions on the role of biofilms for the adaptation of microorganisms to unfavorable environmental factors by the example of P. aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-383
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Afonyushkin ◽  
N. A. Donchenko ◽  
Ju. N. Kozlova ◽  
N. A. Davidova ◽  
V. Yu. Koptev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
The Face

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widely represented species of bacteria possessing of a pathogenic potential. This infectious agent is causing wound infections, fibrotic cystitis, fibrosing pneumonia, bacterial sepsis, etc. The microorganism is highly resistant to antiseptics, disinfectants, immune system responses of the body. The responses of a quorum sense of this kind of bacteria ensure the inclusion of many pathogenicity factors. The analysis of the scientific literature made it possible to formulate four questions concerning the role of biofilms for the adaptation of P. aeruginosa to adverse environmental factors: Is another person appears to be predominantly of a source an etiological agent or the source of P. aeruginosa infection in the environment? Does the formation of biofilms influence on the antibiotic resistance? How the antagonistic activity of microorganisms is realized in biofilm form? What is the main function of biofilms in the functioning of bacteria? A hypothesis has been put forward the effect of biofilms on the increase of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and, in particular, P. aeruginosa to be secondary in charcter. It is more likely a biofilmboth to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and provide topical competition in the face of food scarcity. In connection with the incompatibility of the molecular radii of most antibiotics and pores in biofilm, biofilm is doubtful to be capable of performing a barrier function for protecting against antibiotics. However, with respect to antibodies and immunocompetent cells, the barrier function is beyond doubt. The biofilm is more likely to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and providing topical competition in conditions of scarcity of food resources.

scholarly journals Ser persona en la sociedad del conocimiento y el espectáculo: Aprendiendo a vivir, pensar y comunicar más allá de los espejos

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 159-176
Author(s):  
Martín Caeiro Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Society Of The Spectacle ◽  
Sociedad Del Conocimiento ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Universe

La Sociedad del Conocimiento propone un modelo cognitivo que procura referencias estables de la naturaleza, el ser humano y el universo, mientras que si pensamos en la Sociedad del Espectáculo hay un modelo que procura que como espectadores no nos establezcamos en ninguna imagen ofreciéndonos referentes temporales, identidades efímeras que la industria, la moda, la publicidad y el aburrimiento nos hacen desear constantemente. En este hábitat cultural, mediático y contradictorio intentamos comunicarnos, pero ¿cómo encontrar lo que puede definirnos en medio de tanta información? ¿cómo alcanzar una imagen especular en un mundo metamórfico?, y, en consecuencia: ¿cómo ser personas? En esta situación, como veremos en este artículo, el rostro y el cuerpo se significan en un mismo territorio de relación y aparecen la disipación, la monstruosidad, la desconexión, la descomunicación y la práctica de la borrosidad como estrategias de construcción de identidad, pasando de la representación a la cognición. Al final de este recorrido se proponen seis ideas y soluciones a la construcción de la identidad desde la perspectiva del educador artístico, enlazando en las propuestas conocimiento, entretenimiento y comunicación. The Knowledge Society proposes a cognitive model that seeks stable references of nature, the human being and the universe, whereas if we think about the Society of The Spectacle, there is a model that tries that as spectators we do not establish ourselves in any image offering us temporary referents, ephemeral identities that fashion, advertising and boredom make us wish constantly. In this cultural, mediatic and contradictory habitat, we try to communicate, but how do we find what can define us in the midst of so much information? How to achieve a mirror image in a metamorphic world? and, consequently: how to be a person? As we will see in this article, the face and the body are signified in the same territory of relation, and they appear the dissipation, the monstrosity, the disconnection, the discommunication and the practice of the blur as strategies of identity construction. At the end of our research we will propose six ideas and solutions for the problem of linking knowledge, entertainment and communication.

scholarly journals DIRITTO E TECNOLOGIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Onida
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Conflicts Of Interests ◽  
The Face

The intervention starts from the observation that technology is a tool for the transformation of reality that is itself “neutral”, i.e. usable for different and even opposite purposes, while law is a tool to orient, to condition and to govern human behaviours in relation to social ends, that is to say, what is right or better for society. Hence the intrinsic “finalism” of law, and the fundamental difference between the “power” of technology and the juridical power that is exercised for social purposes and to settle conflicts of interests between individuals and between communities. It then examines the potential and limitations of the use of computer techniques to perform legal acts; the new role of law in the face of the growth of technological “powers” of data collection and use; the demand to adapt the regulation of relationships between individuals (such as labour relationships) in the face of technological changes in reality; the problems of “relocation” of the law related to the development of the Internet; the new demands to legal powers to regulate phenomena such as the genetic manipulation of the human being and the use of artificial intelligence, with a view to safeguarding the essence of being “human”.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Lithium as an Antiviral Agent against SARS-CoV-2 via Membrane Depolarization: Review and Hypothesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Abdallah Barjas Qaswal ◽  
Aiman Suleiman ◽  
Hasan Guzu ◽  
Taima’a Harb ◽  
Bashir Atiyat
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Membrane Depolarization ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pyrin Domain ◽  
The Face ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
Receptor Family

Studies on potential treatments of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are important to improve the global situation in the face of the pandemic. This review proposes lithium as a potential drug to treat COVID-19. Our hypothesis states that lithium can suppress NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity, inhibit cell death, and exhibit immunomodulation via membrane depolarization. Our hypothesis was formulated after finding consistent correlations between these actions and membrane depolarization induced by lithium. Eventually, lithium could serve to mitigate the NLRP3-mediated cytokine storm, which is allegedly reported to be the inciting event of a series of retrogressive events associated with mortality from COVID-19. It could also inhibit cell death and modulate the immune system to attenuate its release, clear the virus from the body, and interrupt the cycle of immune-system dysregulation. Therefore, these effects are presumed to improve the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients. As the numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths continue to rise exponentially without a clear consensus on potential therapeutic agents, urgent conduction of preclinical and clinical studies to prove the efficacy and safety of lithium is reasonable.

scholarly journals Tecnologia, corpo e educação física: entre a formação e a prática docente

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-249
Author(s):  
Evandro Antonio Corrêa ◽  
Deivide Telles de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
De Se ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

ResumoEste ensaio visa refletir as relações entre a formação em Educação Física, o corpo em movimento e as tecnologias na educação escolar. Compreendemos que a Educação Física precisa compreender esse corpo e suas diferentes nuances face as tecnologias, as quais podem contribuir como ferramentas auxiliadoras no processo de emancipação dos seres humanos no sentido de se tornarem mais reflexivos, críticos e criativos. Com os avanços das tecnologias observamos mudanças rápidas na sociedade, e o mesmo com o corpo. Torna-se necessário o debate sobre as inter-relações que ocorrem na sociedade entre a tecnologia, corpo e educação como um processo histórico e contínuo de transformações que envolvem questões culturais, econômicas, políticas, sociais que tem (re)configurado a atuação do professor de Educação Física com “novos” saberes e competências no âmbito escolar.Palavras-chave: Educação Física. Corpo. Tecnologia. Educação. Technology, body and physical education: between training and teaching practiceAbstractThis essay aims to reflect the relationship between training in Physical Education, the body in movement and technologies in school education. We understand that Physical Education needs to understand this body and its different nuances in the face of technologies, which can contribute as auxiliary tools in the emancipation process of human beings in order to become more reflective, critical and creative. With advances in technologies, we observe rapid changes in society, and the same with the body. It is necessary to debate the interrelationships that occur in society between technology, body and education as a historical and continuous process of transformations involving cultural, economic, political, social issues that have (re)configured the role of the Physical Education teacher with “new” knowledge and skills in the school environment.Keywords: Physical Education. Body. Technology. Education. Tecnología, cuerpo y educación física: entre la formación y la práctica docenteResumenEste ensayo tiene como objetivo reflejar las relaciones entre la formación en Educación Física, el móvil y las tecnologías en la educación escolar. Entendemos que la Educación Física necesita comprender este cuerpo y sus diferentes matices de cara a las tecnologías, que pueden contribuir como herramientas auxiliares en el proceso de emancipación del ser humano para volverse más reflexivo, crítico y creativo. Con los avances de la tecnología observamos cambios rápidos en la sociedad, y lo mismo ocurre con el cuerpo. Es necesario debatir las interrelaciones que se dan en la sociedad entre tecnología, cuerpo y educación como un proceso histórico y continuo de transformaciones que involucran cuestiones culturales, económicas, políticas, sociales que han (re) configurado el rol del docente de Educación Física con “nuevos” saberes, competencias en el entorno escolar.Palabras clave: Educación Física. Cuerpo. Tecnología. Educación.

scholarly journals Trans-humanism’s and Post-humanism’s Dialectics between Truth and Post-truth

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2(10)) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Monika Banaś
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
The Face ◽  
Humanities And Social Sciences ◽  
Scientific Discourses ◽  
Post Humanism

The aim of this paper is to invite the reader to reflect on the essence of truth and post-truth in two approaches present in humanities and social sciences: trans-humanism and post-humanism. The notions of truth and post-truth, just like those of trans- and post-humanism, do not have a single defining interpretation. This implies disputes about what truth is and what is the role of man as an being, capable of creative activity, and thus of creating other entities and concepts describing them. However, the problem still remains the doubt as to what extent the ability of creative action allows man to know the truth (alternatively, to establish it), and to what extent it leads us astray. Post-truth emerges as a proposition in the face of the impossibility of reaching a consensus on the former. It is similar in the case of trans- and post-humanism, as concepts offering improved, because more up-to-date, approaches to the exploration of the human being himself, the motives of his actions, and his progress. The issues are presented by means of a critical analysis of selected scientific discourses, including definitions and research approaches that are gaining popularity in academia of the so-called Western cultural circle.

CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC VALUE OF ADIPOKINES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Ya. M Fylenko
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

This review is devoted to the analysis of the role of adipokines in formation of pathological changes in renal function and structure. The patients with chronic kidney disease have a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Currently, the role of systemic hormonal and metabolic factors in the pathogenesis of the kidneys is growing. A promising area of pathogenetic prevention and treatment of kidney disease is an interdisciplinary approach, whereat the adipokine imbalance is of particular interest. Adipose tissue and its messengers, adipokines, are known to be highly associated with kidney disease. Adipocytes are metabolically active cells, producing the signaling lipids, metabolites and protein factors, i.e. adipokines. The interaction of adipose tissue with the kidney is called the adipose kidney axis, being important for the normal functioning of the body, as well as its response to an injury. It has a strong therapeutic potential in respect of the growing rates of chronic kidney disease. Adipocyte hypertrophy is often accompanied by the development of tissue fibrosis, hypoxia, and secretion of pro−inflammatory cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor or interleukin, which triggers the cell inflammation). Dysfunction of adipose tissue contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease at the local and systemic levels. Thus, for the early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease into the diagnostic program, in addition to the generally accepted indices, the determination of adipokines: for example, serum leptin, adiponectin, omentin, visfatin, microalbuminuria, blood lipid spectrum, intrarenal and functional status of the kidneys with the assessment of functional renal reserve is recommended to be included. Early detection of the disease, new approaches to its diagnosis and treatment can help in reducing the risk of a high incidence and mortality from renal disease. Key words: chronic kidney disease, nephropathy, adipokines, leptin, resistin, adiponectin, visfatin, omentin.

scholarly journals DIRITTO E TECNOLOGIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Onida
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Conflicts Of Interests ◽  
The Face

The intervention starts from the observation that technology is a tool for the transformation of reality that is itself “neutral”, i.e. usable for different and even opposite purposes, while law is a tool to orient, to condition and to govern human behaviours in relation to social ends, that is to say, what is right or better for society. Hence the intrinsic “finalism” of law, and the fundamental difference between the “power” of technology and the juridical power that is exercised for social purposes and to settle conflicts of interests between individuals and between communities. It then examines the potential and limitations of the use of computer techniques to perform legal acts; the new role of law in the face of the growth of technological “powers” of data collection and use; the demand to adapt the regulation of relationships between individuals (such as labour relationships) in the face of technological changes in reality; the problems of “relocation” of the law related to the development of the Internet; the new demands to legal powers to regulate phenomena such as the genetic manipulation of the human being and the use of artificial intelligence, with a view to safeguarding the essence of being “human”.

scholarly journals Είναι και λόγος. Μονή και ίδρυσις των υποστάσεων

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ιωάννης Πλεξίδας
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Real ◽  
Saint John ◽  
John Of Damascus ◽  
Flowing Material ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church

Our choice to study the meaning of hypostasis in the work of Saint John of Damascus, is not accidental. The hypostasis, which is assimilated with the person and the individual, constitutes the cornerstone of the holy author’s tuition. Before we proceed to the formulation of the conclusions in which our inquiry was led, we are obliged to make a short reference to the interpretative method we pursued in order to approach the flowing material.We chose consciously to confine to the minimum the bibliographical data, in order to allow the text to speak for itself, revealing to us its intimate truth. Additionally, we adopted two fundamental principles of reading. The first one is related with the entire reading of the flowing material. The entire reading presumes the study of a whole specific work, for example the work of Dialectica, but it is also necessary to study all the books of the specific writer. The second principle refers to the structural reading, which is the greatest development of the textual connections and which helps us to achieve the inner connection of the treatise’s sections. The restriction of the bibliographical data does not indicate imperfect informing on the particular bibliography. Very important studies about John of Damascus, like the studies of B. Studer and G. Richter were utilized but their role is purely subsidiary.As we have already said, our inquiry exhibited the conception of hypostasis into a basic conception, on which the theological edifice of Damascene was structured. John of Damascus identifies the meanings of hypostasis, person, individual and attributes to them the sense of the exact human being. Oppositely to the meaning of the person (hypostasis, individual), we can find the meaning of essence. It is identified with the notion of nature and the notion of form. We observed the passage from the essence, that is the final result of a rational subtractive proceeding, to the hypostasis, which is the only factual. We attended this passage in the thought of the out wise and in the thought of the Church’ s Fathers. Moreover, we searched for the role of the unseparated accidents (external corporal features) and the separated (wishes-actions) in the proceeding of the hypostasis’ formation.Afterwards, we examined the role of the accidents into Christ’s hypostasis. We perceived that Christ had only one face and not two. We examined the possibility of the existence of a sententious wish a possibility, which we rejected. Finally, we mentioned Christ’s example as a human being’s icon.We scrutinized the acceptation of the Triadic hypostasis. We investigated the resembalncies and differences which exist between the human and the divine hypostasis. We denied the adjustment of Aristotle’s denominations related to God’s case, and we were restricted to talk about the relative character that we can gave comparatively to God’s existence.Finally, we referred to the inner of human’ s existence and we sought the soul’ s forces that can help us be aware of the prudent proceeding.We discussed especially the role of fantasy that is able to create images composing pieces of the real, according to John of Damascus. These images are presented to be real. Fantasy can offer to mind a false reality, preventing it from distinguishing the real and the untrue.Damascene’s phrase: «I will not say something that is mine» (έρώ έμόν ούδέν), which is found almost in all his works, became the body of this project. We followed roads which were engraved by the predecessors of our tradition concerning our apprenticeship on the texts. We were subjected to them, while listening and taking all these edifying elemets they can give.

scholarly journals The Role of Free Tissue Transfers for Defect Coverage over the Body in Geriatric Populations

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Elif Kulakli-Inceleme ◽  
Matthias Knobe ◽  
Elmar Fritsche ◽  
Mario F. Scaglioni
Keyword(s):  
Free Flap ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reconstructive Ladder ◽  
Complication Risk ◽  
Flap Procedure ◽  
Vascular Status

The treatment of soft tissue defects in multimorbid frail patients requires optimized preoperative and perioperative management with a differentiated interdisciplinary approach. Preoperative assessment with established scores, such as the ASA score, is important in order to stratify the operative complication risk. Following the reconstructive ladder is important to avoid unnecessary long operations and consecutively higher operative risks. In cases where a free flap procedure is needed, infections should be treated properly, and vascular status and coagulation should be optimized before performing a free flap procedure. Attention should be paid to maintain independency, functionality and quality of life while choosing the best treatment option.

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