The manner of use, the uses and sub-uses of terms in social sciences: from the functional approach to natural language to applied semiotics and the philosophy of science

Semiotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Roman Węsierski
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
The One ◽  
New Research ◽  
Language Context

Abstract The functional approach to natural language (FANL) emerged in the late 1960s. It focused on the use and the sub-use of language expressions, taking into account role of the language context and the extra-linguistic situation of a given statements. This approach referred, both conceptually and methodologically, to the tradition of British analytical philosophy of language on the one hand, and to the achievements of the Lvov-Warsaw School on the other. It seems that despite the passage of more than half a century since its inception, this approach has lost nothing of its relevance and its cognitive value, and may even provide inspiration for the exploration new research areas concerning the formulation of language utterances. The aim of this article is to show the potential applications of the FANL as a specific semiotic concept in the field of the philosophy of social sciences. The paper points out how the functional conception can be successfully used in methodological analyses of the logical methodology of social sciences. The case studies presented in the article refer to the research practice of social sciences. Examples of the use and sub-uses of terms are discussed in the light of the polyparadigmatic structure of social sciences and the differences in research patterns accepted by given scientific collectives.

scholarly journals Institute of Philosophy: Traditions and Innovations

2021 ◽  
Vol - (4) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Yermolenko ◽  
Serhii Yosypenko
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Soviet Marxism ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Research ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is devoted to the historical and philosophical analysis of the unique and paradigmatic role of the H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the philosophical life of Ukraine for 75 years since its foundation. The authors outline its role in the process of institutionalizing philosophy in Ukraine from the time of the domination of the dogmas of Soviet Marxism to the introduction of current research traditions in modern Ukrainian philosophy. The continuity and peculiarities of the change of generations of researchers in the field of philosophy and the involvement of Ukrainian philosophical thought in the world intellectual discourse are studied. The article's authors reveal the gradual formation of the Kyiv philosophical tradition, the role of the Institute's leadership in the style and nature of scientific research of certain periods. Particular attention is paid to the institutionalization of new research areas at the Institute, such as political philosophy, philosophy of language and speech, which belong to the leading paradigm of modern philosophy. Attention is paid to the cooperation of the Institute with domestic scientific and educational institutions, its international relations. The status of the leading professional publications, which became significant both in Soviet times and during independence, is highlighted. Finally, the article notes the role and tasks of the Institute in modern social discourse, focuses on the values, the preservation of which is taken care of by representatives of the Institute.

Concluding Summary

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Figdor
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Research ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Conceptual Confusion

Chapter 10 provides a summary of the argument of the book. It elaborates some of the benefits of Literalism, such as less conceptual confusion and an expanded range of entities for research that might illuminate human cognition. It motivates distinguishing the questions of whether something has a cognitive capacity from whether it is intuitively like us. It provides a conceptual foundation for the social sciences appropriate for the increasing role of modeling in these sciences. It also promotes convergence in terms of the roles of internal and external factors in explaining both human and nonhuman behavior. Finally, it sketches some of the areas of new research that it supports, including group cognition and artificial intelligence.

scholarly journals New Frontiers: Approaches to Understand the Mechanistic Basis of Renal Toxicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1002-1005
Author(s):  
Mary B. Nabity ◽  
Joseph W. Polli ◽  
Vishal Vaidya ◽  
Andrzej Krolewski ◽  
Warren E. Glaab
Keyword(s):  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Scientific Session ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
New Research

A scientific session entitled “New Frontiers: Approaches to Understand the Mechanistic Basis of Renal Toxicity” focused on novel biomarkers to monitor kidney injury both preclinically and clinically, as well as providing mechanistic insight of the induced injury. Further, the role and impact of kidney membrane transporters in drug-induced kidney toxicity provided additional considerations when understanding kidney injury and the complex role of drug transporters in either sensitivity or resistance to drug-induced injury. The onset of nephropathy in diabetic patients was also presented, focusing on the quest to discover novel biomarkers that would differentiate diabetic populations more susceptible to nephropathy and renal failure. The session highlighted exciting new research areas and novel biomarkers that will enhance our understanding of kidney injury and provide tools for ensuring patient safety clinically.

Computational Methods in Legal Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Frankenreiter ◽  
Michael A. Livermore
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

The digitization of legal texts and advances in artificial intelligence, natural language processing, text mining, network analysis, and machine learning have led to new forms of legal analysis by lawyers and law scholars. This article provides an overview of how computational methods are affecting research across the varied landscape of legal scholarship, from the interpretation of legal texts to the quantitative estimation of causal factors that shape the law. As computational tools continue to penetrate legal scholarship, they allow scholars to gain traction on traditional research questions and may engender entirely new research programs. Already, computational methods have facilitated important contributions in a diverse array of law-related research areas. As these tools continue to advance, and law scholars become more familiar with their potential applications, the impact of computational methods is likely to continue to grow.

De cognitieve drie-eenheid: realiseren, interpreteren en abstraheren

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Radder
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
Conceptual Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Causal Judgments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

The article consists of three main sections, in which I successively discuss the nature and role of realization, interpretation and abstraction in experimental and observational processes. In this way, these sections address several fundamental problems in philosophy of science, ontology and epistemology, and philosophy of language. Section 1 introduces the notion of realization processes, and argues that successful realization requires causal judgments. The second section discusses the role of conceptual interpretation in experiments and observations, explains how realization and interpretation can be distinguished, and emphasizes the significance of different types and ranges of experimental and observational reproducibility. It also includes a subsection on the issue of reproducibility in contemporary social sciences and psychology. Section 3 explains how concepts are abstracted from existing realization processes, and concludes that abstraction bestows a nonlocal meaning on these extensible concepts. In addition, I discuss and criticize some rival views of abstraction and concept meaning (to wit, mentalism and localism). The article concludes with some observations on the notion of a (cognitive) trinity.In my reply, I respond to the points raised in the six commentary papers. The following issues are addressed: the place of causality in physics (Steffen Ducheyne), perception in ordinary life (Monica Meijsing), the role of reproducibility in psychology and the social sciences (Daniël Lakens, Ruud Abma), the significance and implications of conceptual innovation (Lieven Decock), and the relationship between meaning, communication and ontology (Martin Stokhof and Michiel van Lambalgen).

Referential Intentions

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-44
Author(s):  
Michael O'Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophy Of Action ◽  
Full Account ◽  
The One

This chapter presents a critical review of research on referential intentions, in the fields of philosophy, linguistics, and psychology, focusing both on what makes them referential and how they function as intentions. This project is distinctively philosophical—the concept referential intention combines elements of language with those of action, and a full account of it should blend theoretical work on reference in linguistics and the philosophy of language with theoretical work on intention in psychology and the philosophy of action. While such an account is beyond the scope of this chapter, the aim is to make progress toward it by outlining ways in which referential intentions are conceptually constrained by reference on the one side and intention on the other. The goal is to supply an overview of these states that does justice to their variety while introducing constraints on their implementation in semantic and pragmatic theories of natural language.

scholarly journals Emerging Research Areas in Social Sciences Due to Covid-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 01-04 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The People ◽  
New Research ◽  
Better Than

Covid-19 has impacted all of the walks of life. It has changed the behavior of humans. Due to lockdown, people had the opportunity to rethink several perspectives of life. On ends of Lockdown, it is expected that, the customers will no more be the same, rushing towards product and reacting to every marketing advertisement. The Pandemic and Lockdown has taught the people to live with less. It also taught us, that technology development should be towards making humans life better. The term “Customer is king” has become more valuable in pandemic days. No matter, how many airlines one firm has, how much advance one economy is, if the health of humans is on danger, everything discontinues. This pandemic has taught us to focus more on creating the product, which improves humans’ life, do marketing and advertising that are customer centric. In education, more focus is required on mobile learning. The transportation dynamics have also change. The requirement of self-deriving cars has increased. The pandemic reiterated strongly that prevention is better than cure. Public awareness can sever more people than doctors' services in times of crisis. All these learning are will create new research areas in social sciences. This research paper highlights research areas for post- COVID developments.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary Researches and the Progress of Human Societies in the New Millennium: Practical Experiences and Futuristic Options

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Hany Khamis Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
New Research ◽  
Societal Problems

Interdisciplinary Research is a fertile ground for researchers in the modern era, as is represents the importance in the study of various phenomena of society and its issues and complex problems that need to cross the barriers and cognitive limitations among social and natural sciences. It could be argued that after decades of increased specialization on the vertical level (any connection between the social sciences) and the horizontal level (any connection between the social sciences and natural sciences) it has become noticeable that there is an increasing trend towards financing projects and research programs that are trying to promote interdisciplinary research as a means to encourage scientific technological progress, benefit human development, and improve the quality of life. Interdisciplinary research that relies on cognitive interaction is not an end in itself but a means to support research efforts to address societal problems and to promote a competitive environment through which knowledge can be acquired. This is achieved through the integration of knowledge or the formulation of new research areas based on the integration of knowledge from different fields. In the light of the above, the paper aims to shed light on the features of interdisciplinary research and on the extent it can be used to study human societies by reviewing practical applications in the field of interdisciplinary research. 

scholarly journals La representación del patrimonio arqueológico en los libros de texto de Educación Primaria: El contexto indígena canario como estudio de caso

Panta Rei ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-128
Author(s):  
A. José Farrujía de la Rosa ◽  
Carmen Ascanio Sánchez ◽  
Ulises Martín Hernández ◽  
Cristo Manuel Hernández Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Cultural Hegemony ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Educational Content ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The One

En este artículo analizamos el tratamiento didáctico que recibe el patrimonio arqueológico canario de la etapa indígena en los libros de texto de Ciencias Sociales de Primaria de Canarias, con un especial foco de atención en la representación de género. A partir de un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo, centrado en los libros de texto de cuatro editoriales, en el marco de la LOMCE, nuestra investigación analiza qué se considera patrimonio arqueológico en la enseñanza, cómo y qué se enseña, y cuál es el rol de las mujeres en el contenido educativo y en el hecho histórico. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan la reproducción de miradas eurocéntricas, la inexistencia de una definición explícita de los vestigios arqueológicos y, por tanto, del propio concepto de patrimonio, así como el predominio de la hegemonía cultural androcéntrica. Esta realidad presenta claras afinidades con la constatada en otros estudios afines del estado español. In this article we analyze the didactic approach for the Canarian archaeological heritage from the indigenous period within the Primary textbooks of Social Sciences in the Canary Islands, paying also attention to the representation of gender. From a qualitative and quantitative approach, focused on the textbooks from four different publishers, and within the framework of LOMCE, our research analyzes what is considered archaeological heritage in teaching, how and what is taught, and what is the role of women in the historic fact and in the educational content. The main results show the predominance of the androcentric cultural hegemony, the reproduction of Eurocentric views, the absence of an explicit definition for the archaeological remains and, therefore, for the concept of heritage. This panorama presents clear affinities with the one documented in other parts of Spain.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Analysis of Sawn Timber Obtained from Various Sites Throughout Poland in the Aspect of Polish and European Standards of Quality

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Mirski Radosław ◽  
Malinowski Zbigniew ◽  
Dorota Dziurka ◽  
Marek Wieruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Sawn Timber ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The One

The paper attempts to compare the classification of sawn timber based on the norms used in Poland (PN—75/D—96000) and those valid in the European Union (PN—EN 1611—1). For the research, long pine logs were taken from five research areas in Poland. The obtained sawn materials were divided according to their origin into lengths of the logs. It was shown that regardless of the origin of the stand, knots are the dominant defect, while the role of other wood defects is much lower. Direct comparison of the classification according to Polish and European standards is very difficult due to the differences in the acceptable range of individual wood defects. The raw material classified by the Polish standard shows a higher proportion of sawn timber of higher classes than the one classified by the European standard, so the Polish standard is less rigorous than the European one.

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