Theologische Wahrnehmung von Fremdheit. Das griechische Numeribuch als Dokument der alexandrinischen Diaspora

2015 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Ziegert

Presuming that theological tendencies of the Septuagint translators can be assessed, this paper seeks to evaluate the Greek book of Numbers by means of a methodology deliberately taken from translation studies (skopos theory). In the Greek book of Numbers, the concept of foreignness is expressed in two antithetical ways, namely, as suffered foreignness and as cultivated foreignness. In terms of language, this polarity shows in the concurrent avoidance and utilization of hebraisms. In terms of content, it shows in the concurrent tendencies of actualization and historization of the text. These tendencies strongly resemble the concerns for acculturation and isolation in the Letter of Aristeas and supposedly constitute a feature of the Alexandrian diaspora in general.Supposant que l’on puisse déterminer des tendences théologiques des traducteurs de la Septante, l’auteur examine la version grecque du livre des Nombres par une méthode traductologique (»Skopostheorie«). Dans la version grecque des Nombres, l’idée d’être étranger est présentée de deux façons contraires. Il s’agit, d’une part, d’un état dont on souffre et, d’autre part, d’un état qu’on apprécie. D’un point de vue linguistique, cela se montre dans la façon dont des hébraïsmes sont parfois utilisés, parfois évités dans le texte. D’un point de vue de contenu, on observe les tendences contraires de rapprocher le texte à l’époque actuelle et du renvoi à son contexte historique. Ces tendences correspondent à celles de l’acculturation et de la ségrégation qu’on retrouve dans la Lettre d’Aristée. On peut les interpréter comme traits caractéristiques de la diaspora juive d’Alexandrie.Unter der Voraussetzung, dass sich theologische Tendenzen der Septuaginta-Übersetzer ermitteln lassen, wird das griechische Numeribuch mit einer dezidiert übersetzungswissenschaftlichen Methodik (Skopostheorie) untersucht. Dabei zeigt sich, dass das Konzept der Fremdheit im griechischen Numeribuch auf zwei gegensätzliche Arten Ausdruck fand, und zwar einerseits als erlittene, andererseits als gewürdigte Fremdheit. Das wird sprachlich in dem Gegensatz zwischen der Vermeidung und der Verwendung von Hebraismen deutlich, inhaltlich in den Tendenzen der Aktualisierung und der Historisierung. Diese Tendenzen, die im Aristeasbrief als Anliegen der Akkulturation und der Absonderung begegnen, lassen sich als generelle Kennzeichen der alexandrinischen Diaspora vermuten.

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xue Chen ◽  
Xinyu Bu

Movie name, as an indispensable component of the movie as a whole, is used to transmit the ideas of the movies, please audiences with aesthetic value, and enhance the interests of watchers to watch it. Skopos theory highlights the importance of both the translator and the culture and it makes the translator find a suitable mode to translate the names of movies. Movie name translation has become a important part of translation studies. Skopos theory can lead the translator to do a rendering of movie names while he/she knows the objectives of translation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Andrew Maust

Bible translation presents local-language communities not only with “offers of information” but opportunities to promote the target language through adoption of advances in the fields of translation studies, exegesis, and biblical studies. Drawing on skopos theory, this paper encourages communities to include within their translation brief the explicit goal of taking advantage of such opportunities to the end that translators are freed up to transcend the exegetical and translational choices imposed by a language of wider communication. In so doing, the local language will add additional functions as well as intrinsic and extrinsic value to the target text. Finally, potential objections to such an approach are forestalled by addressing sociolinguistic factors with which translating communities will have to come to terms.


2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Kana Trisnawati

Numerous criticisms have been addressed toward the application of Skopos theory within translation studies. Issues such as vague concepts of translation, ‘dethroning’ the source text, oversimplification and inapplicability to achieve equivalence for literary and religious texts are some of many critiques for Skopos theory. In addition, from a student’s perspective, it is argued that there is no specific guideline to carry out the theory. However, here, I would like to present my perspective as a student practicing translation as well as a brief overview of Skopos theory, its criticisms as well as its usefulness in actual implementation.


Fachsprache ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 140-154
Author(s):  
Carine Graff

This paper seeks to demonstrate the importance of translation strategies as informed by Translation Studies in the foreign language (FL) classroom. The current study aims to map how translation, as perceived in Translation Studies, can be beneficial for students’ writing skills in the FL classroom. It focuses on undergraduate students in three French Composition classes: a control class in fall 2014, a second control class in fall 2015, and an experimental class in spring 2016, and explores how the students’ writing in the latter class improved after being exposed to translation strategies, such as explicitation, amplification, modulation, and approaches, such as Skopos theory. To determine whether translation strategies enable students to improve naturalness in L2 writing, their compositions and summaries were error coded using Kobayashi/Rinnert’s (1992) method of awkward form and wrong lexical choice, McCarthy’s collocation search, and Owen’s (1988) native speaker input. Statistical analyses were also performed. Results show that translation strategies are a useful tool to help students understand the foreign language and write more naturally.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Shibashis Mukherjee ◽  
Anupam Das

<em>Using Bengali texts and their English translations done by a set of English speaking native Bengali translators and another set of native English translators, we analyze how two specific Bengali emotion words (obhiman and lajja) have mapped onto English. In translating lajja translators use only three English words while for obhiman they choose an array of words with no consistency. This indicates that no English word represents a concept that is close to obhiman’s meaning suggesting that the concept represented by a particular emotion word in one language may not be totally captured in another language. Additionally, the findings indicate emotion words represent concepts with fuzzy borders (as suggested in scripts hypothesis) instead of dots in affect grids as envisioned in evaluation-potency-activity measurements. Such concepts vary in the spectrum of events they denote and in the degree to which they overlap. Subsequently, we, drawing from skopos theory, argue that cultural contexts in translation studies need to be considered rather than looking for exact equivalence of these emotion words.</em>


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Amal Abdelsattar Metwally

The present study attempts to focus on the translation of colour-related idioms and binomials as culture-specific expressions and questions the validity of the notions of foreignisation and domestication brought to the fore of translation studies by Venuti (1995). However, it is not intended here to question the quality of Venuti’s advocacy of foreignising translation, but rather to apply the notions of foreignisation and domestication, as well as paraphrase as one mode of domestication in translating colour-related expressions. More particularly, the study examines whether it is possible to observe any form of consistency in the strategies used for the translation of such culturally-bound expressions. This is attempted under the framework of the skopos theory and Berlin/Key studies on colours (1969). The paper describes already-existing translations in order to make generalizations about translation methods. Such generalization may be taken as guidelines for the translation of culture-bound expressions in general. The present study explores the translation of 84 Arabic colour-related expressions, and reaches the conclusion that “paraphrase” is a significant strategy for translating Arabic colour-related expressions into English due to the distant cultural backgrounds and the divergent historical affiliations of the two languages.


Author(s):  
H. Drößiger

This article continues the linguistic investigation into titles, which was published as Part 1 in 2020. The recent paper focuses on matters of translation within a combined framework of Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS) and Skopos Theory of translation. The subject matter includes the 200 titles of the Brothers Grimm Fairy Tales (GFT) and their translation from German into British English and American English. The intended research can be taken as one way to approach the translation of titles, exemplified on a certain data set. The analysis covers in a first step linguistic approaches to those titles by checking out the techniques of translation. In a second step, the functionality of title translation in the case of the GFT titles will be briefly outlined by attempting to set an interrelationship of functions of titles and functions of translations. Lists of sources and references close-up the article. Статья трактует переводческие проблемы в рамках двух взаимосвязанных концепций — дескриптивного переводоведения (Descriptive Translation Studies — DTS) и скопос-теории перевода (Scopos Theory of Translation). Материалом для исследования послужили заглавия двухсот сказок братьев Гримм в переводе с немецкого языка на британский и американский английский. Цель автора — предложить возможный подход к переводу заголовков на достаточном массиве данных. Автор начинает с анализа переводческих приемов, использованных при передаче заглавий сказок, чтобы далее перейти к функциональности перевода заглавий на материале собрания сказок братьев Гримм и выявить взаимосвязь между функциями заголовков и функциями их переводческих аналогов.


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Jing Zheng

<p>Chinese businesses have realized the importance of publicity in foreign markets. However, the translation of Chinese corporate promotional materials is not of high quality so far. Problems in the translation may be caused by multi-facet factors, but the influence of formal equivalence theory on translators can be a big cause. Skopos theory shift translators’ attention from loyalty to the source text to the purpose of the target text, shedding a new light to translation studies. This paper discusses the application of Skopos theory in the translation of Chinese corporate promotional materials and explores the strategies and methods of translating corporate promotional materials from Chinese to English.</p>


Author(s):  
Holger Siever

Since at least the latter half of the 20th century, scientific theorizing has been marked by a tendency to focus increasingly on the concept of complexity. However, within the field of Translation Studies, we continue to work primarily with non-complex, uni-dimensional models. The relationship between the source text and the target text is commonly established in uni-dimensional terms, that is: either via sense (linguistics, hermeneutics) or via the function or skopos (Skopos theory, functionalism). Terms like equivalence (Nida, Kade) and adequacy (Vermeer) are also based on uni-dimensional models. In the late 1980s, Neubert suggested a two-dimensional approach using the notions of content and purpose to overcome uni-dimensional models. In my paper I would like to present a more complex approach to translation based on semiotics and interpretation philosophy. It consists of two levels: the intratextual level focusing the interrelation of signs (word, sentences, texts) within texts, and the extratextual level focusing the interrelation of signs with extratextual phenomena. Each level is divided into three dimensions. I use the concepts of meaning, function, and information to describe what a translator has to take into account on the intratextual level to be able to elaborate an equivalent target text, i.e. a text that fits into the constraints of a given linguistics settings. In addition to that, I use the concepts of sense, purpose, and form to describe what a translator has to take into consideration on the extratextual level to elaborate an adequate target text, i.e. a text that fits into the constraints of a given translatological setting. Whereas the uni-dimensional arrow just stands for the simple relation between source and target text, this new model establishes a whole translational space between both texts which is able to show the complexity of translational decisions to be taken.


Author(s):  
Olaf Immanuel Seel

The aim of this article is to contribute to the discourse by clarifying the extent to which complex intersemiotic action can still be regarded as translation. This will be shown by two of its major representatives (i.e., localization and [global] adaptation), both of which constitute contested issues in translation studies research with regard to their conceptual belonging. Functional translation theory will be employed to achieve this aim. Employing functional translation theory will show that the decisive criterion for the conceptual affiliation of any intersemiotic action to translation is whether or not it constitutes a predominantly language-based text-to-text transfer. Finally, given its successful implementation, this paper proposes functionalist skopos theory as one possible interdisciplinary methodological tool for intersemiotic action that is not only useful for translation studies but could also be useful, if accordingly adapted, for other neighboring disciplines, such as, for example, adaptation studies.


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