scholarly journals Growth of Tilia cordata Mill. in Urban Forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Maria Martynova ◽  
Rida Sultanova ◽  
Georgiy Odintsov ◽  
Regina Sazgutdinova ◽  
Elvira Khanova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Landscape Assessment ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Sharp Difference ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City

Tilia cordata Mill. is considered to be the main tree species resistant to urban conditions and it is widely used in the greening of cities. The aim of the study is to assess the patterns of growth and development of small-leaved linden plantations in the urban environment. The research is based on the method of sample areas where continuous enumeration survey has been carried out. The study of urban greening objects was conducted using the methods of landscape assessment and complete enumeration of trees in alley plantings. It was found that Tilia cordata Mill. grows in all districts and zones of the city of Ufa, occupying 34.4% of green areas. During this research it was found that artificially created alley plantings of Tilia cordata Mill. are more well-kept and have well-developed crowns which create a tree shade sometimes 8-10 meters wide (the average crown projection being 7 m). Since alley plantings have repeatedly been pruned, trees in this area are characterized by a large increase in diameter and strong height growth stagnation. Thus, when studying linden plantings of the same age, a sharp difference in the size and shape of trees was observed.

scholarly journals The ecological framework as part of the land and property complex of an industrial city (on the example of an urban district of Tobolsk)

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
N.V. Litvinenko ◽  
E.P. Evtushkova ◽  
Yu.E. Ogneva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City ◽  
Property Complex

In modern urban conditions with intensive industrial production affecting the life and health of people, the authorities of many cities have thought about holding activities aimed at improving the ecological component of the urban environment. One of such activities may be the creation or improvement of the ecological framework of the city. This article discusses the features of the ecological framework in the industrial city of Tobolsk. A number of tasks that are faced by the City Administration were formulated; those must be solved using sound reconstruction methods of urban territorial and functional structures. The role of the ecological framework of the urban area is considered as the possibility of avoiding the environmental problems’ emergence and preserving the ability of the territorial system as an independent land and property complex to develop.

EVOLUTION AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF GREEN PUBLIC SPACES IN KRASNOYARSK

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Olga N. Bliankinshyein ◽  
◽  
Natalya A. Popkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Photographic Recording ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Role

One of the criteria for a comfortable ecologically clean urban environment is access to green spaces, their number and quality in any given city. Public green spaces play an important socio-cultural role in the context of active and passive recreation of citizens, various types of recreational activities. The relevance of this study is due to increased attention to the formation of open public spaces in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The purpose of this work is to trace the evolution and identify the social and cultural significance of the green public spaces in Krasnoyarsk. The objectives of the research are to study the green spaces of Krasnoyarsk in a historical retrospective, analyze the green spaces of Krasnoyarsk from the point of view of their ecological significance, recreational use. Research methods included literature review on the topic, analysis of historical data, field survey of the territory, long-term observation, photographic recording, comparative retrospective analysis, and graphic-analytical method. The study captures the most common types of public green spaces and their role in creating a comfortable urban environment. It traces in the most detail the evolution and cultural significance of the most important historical green spaces in Krasnoyarsk: the City Garden (now the Central Park), Yudinsky Garden, Krutovsky Garden. These examples show that gardens and parks can be formed both on the basis of the natural environment of urban forests, and artificially created by the efforts of citizens, that over time they can undergo various quantitative and qualitative, planning and functional transformations. Despite the transformations that have taken place, all the studied historical objects still exist and are used for their intended purpose. In addition to these historical green areas, we examine the newly organized public green spaces with a cultural and recreational component over the past decades: Tatyshev Park, All-season Fun-Park Bobrovy Log, Flora and Fauna Park Roev Ruchey, Dream Gardens and others. The article notes the importance of municipal, public and private initiatives in the organization of local green areas. The analysis allows us to assert that there is a certain system of public green spaces in Krasnoyarsk. It has disadvantages, such as an uneven distribution of green areas throughout the city, lack of interconnections between individual elements, aging of certain areas of greenery, and the complete destruction of some. Nevertheless, the city authorities, architects, designers and the general public make great effort to create a green framework for Krasnoyarsk destined to have an important recreational and cultural role.

scholarly journals The apparatus theory: ‘Religion in the city’

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Geel ◽  
Jaco Beyers
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
The One ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

The apparatus theory is used to challenge the interpretation of religion and also to determine whether religion is a factor to contend with in modern society. Religion could be the element that keeps the city intact or could be the one element that is busy ruining our understanding of reality and the way this interacts with society in the urban environment. Paradigms determine our relationships. In this case, the apparatus theory would be a more precise way of describing not only our relationship towards the city but also the way in which we try to perceive our relationship with religion and the urban conditions we live in. This article gives theoretical background to the interpretation and understanding of the relationship between various entities within the city. The apparatus of the city creates space for religion to function as a binding form. Religion could bind different cultures, diverse backgrounds and create space for growth.

scholarly journals A topofilia dos cidadãos para com o patrimônio natural urbano: O caso da cidade de Coimbra

GeoTextos ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Salles Maria de Macedo Rego ◽  
João Luis Jesus Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Argument ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Quality Of Urban Life ◽  
The City

O trabalho em questão analisa, segundo o prisma da Geografia, a importância do patrimônio natural em ambiente urbano. Como objetivo principal, pretende compreender a percepção que os residentes na cidade de Coimbra (Portugal) têm da natureza e do papel que o património natural pode desempenhar na qualidade de vida da cidade. Para alcançar esses objetivos, inicia-se o texto com uma reflexão teórica que percorre conceitos como a topofilia e os olhares sociais sobre o ambiente e a natureza em contexto citadino. Depois, seguem-se dois procedimentos diferentes, mas complementares: (1) Como forma de registro da presença e do estado de conservação da natureza em Coimbra e da interação entre os cidadãos e o patrimônio natural naquele espaço geográfico, fez-se uma análise de campo com a montagem de um banco de dados fotográficos que representam excertos deste território; (2) Inquéritos por meio de entrevistas, em dois bairros da cidade – Vale das Flores e Monte Formoso – privilegiando adultos com idades superiores aos 30 anos. Apesar de a pesquisa ter revelado algumas contradições entre a prática e o discurso na percepção e na relação topofílica para com as áreas verdes urbanas, concluiu-se que a presença do patrimônio natural no ambiente urbano ainda se apresenta como uma questão secundária. Contudo, também se verificou que, para reforço desta relação simbólica e/ou funcional, o patrimônio natural deve estar presente em todo o contínuo urbano e não ficar restrito aos bairros mais elitizados ou aos parques. Abstract THE CITIZENS TOPOPHILIA AND THE NATURAL URBAN PATRIMONY: COIMBRA’S CASE STUDY This paper analyzes the importance of natural patrimony in the urban environment, under the prism of geography. The main objective of this study is to understand how nature is perceived in the city of Coimbra (Portugal) and the role that green areas and natural patrimony has in the quality of urban life. To achieve these objectives, this article discusses the conceptual argument about environmental perception, topophilia and the nature in the city. For this, it was used two different procedures: (1) Field analysis on the city of Coimbra with purpose to setting up a photographic database, to verify the presence, conservation and relationship to the natural patrimony inserted in urban environment; (2) Investigation through interviews in two neighborhoods of the city – Vale das Flores and Monte Formoso. The data revealed that the perception and the topophilic relationship to urban green areas are marked by the contradiction between practice and discourse. It was concluded that the presence of natural patrimony in the urban environment still present itself as a secondary issue. Moreover, it was concluded that to strengthen this relationship symbolically and/or functionally the natural patrimony must be present throughout all the continuous urban areas and should not be restricted to elite neighborhoods or parks.

scholarly journals Community hygiene problems and environmental protection measures in the area of natural monument "Zvezdara forest"

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-172
Author(s):  
Ivan Samardzic
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
The City ◽  
Public Toilets

Community hygiene conditions and equipment represent significant indicators of the quality management of green areas. As a space of exceptional importance for protection of forest complex and biodiversity in an urban environment, Zvezdara forest is placed under protection as a natural monument by an act of the Assembly of the City of Belgrade, where measures of environmental protection and preservation of this area, as one of the most important green areas in this part of the city, are also defined (wind protection role, enrichment of the air with oxygen, thermoregulation, etc.), but as well as a space for sports, recreation, picnics. This research presents the community hygiene problems (?illegal landfills?, lack of garbage cans, hydrants, public toilets and drinking fountains, etc.) and environmental issues (?wild? construction, landslides, etc.). The aim of this research is the recommendations of environmental protection measures and removal of community hygiene and environmental issues, presented in the final part of this research paper, which could be used in the future during preparation of planning documents, in order to achieve better environmental management in the area of Zvezdara forest.

Greening Technology Organization of Multi-Storey Buildings, in the Reconstruction of Architectural and Planning Solutions with the Use of Modern Building Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 883-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana B. Yazyeva ◽  
Luiza A. Seferyan ◽  
Ludmila A. Oparina ◽  
Alina Yu. Golubeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Housing Environment ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Building

The article reveals the problem of green areas of the urban environment, which is becoming one of the most topical in Russian cities. The creation of comfortable housing is inextricably linked to the urban situation, the degree of urbanization of the living environment. With the increase in the size of cities, changes in the environmental situation the nature of the connection "housing – environment" is modifying. Activities for the improvement of areas, the organization of environmentally comfortable areas around the houses (the creation of parks, playgrounds in the yard, etc.) and the provision of standards of gardening in the absence of conditions for the usual long-term gardening can be carried out using mobile landscaping. The use of green recreational space in the city improvement allows solving the problem of green areas shortage, and will have a positive impact on the appearance of the city.

scholarly journals Potential for using ornamental bushes for greening the city of Novosibirsk: in case of the genus Syringa L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00024
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Gizhitskaya ◽  
Elena M. Lyakh
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Current System ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

Species composition, quantity participation and spreading of ornamental bushes in current system of Novosibirsk green areas are determined. Upper zone (“Verkhnyaya zona”) of Academgorodok is not taken into research as far as it is a cultural heritage site and a significant site of landscape architecture of the 20th century. Special attention is given to participation of lilac species and cultivars (Syringa vulgaris L., Syringa amurensis Rupr., Syringa josikaea J. Jacq. ex Rchb.). It is pointed out that 62 species of bushes are used in the city, including 3 species of lilac, however their quantity participation is not enough and does not satisfy regulatory limits. Twenty six cultivars from the collection Syringa vulgaris L. of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS are recommended additionally. Three cultivars, ‘Nadezhda’, ‘Pamyat’ o S. M. Kirove’ and ‘Olimpiada Kolesnikova’, successfully tested in urban environment are highly recommended. Besides, it is recommended to use wider Syringa amurensis Rupr., and to introduce late-flowering Preston hybrids (Syringa x prestoniae Mc. Kelvey (S. reflexa x S. villosa)), curretly absent in green urban areas, in urban greening in Siberia.

scholarly journals Helsinki parks and squares as the city dominant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Татьяна Кирилловна Михалкова
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Natural Interaction ◽  
Urban Architecture ◽  
Organic Inclusion ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

Статья посвящена парковой архитектуре Хельсинки, где общая площадь парков и скверов составляет 30 процентов территории. Внимание автора сосредоточено на парках центральной части города: ландшафтных, прогулочных, ботанических, приморских, то есть предназначенных для всех возрастных групп населения. Почти все они относятся к разряду пейзажных. В качестве особенностей парков Хельсинки автор отмечает взаимодействие природной среды и архитектурных форм, а также использование рельефа местности холмисто-скального, приморского или лесистого. Важное значение имеет и тот факт, что большая часть общегородских зеленых территорий формировалась одновременно с получением городом статуса столицы Финляндии. Автор также рассматривает как обязательный элемент оформления паркового пространства Хельсинки скульптуру: анималистическую, историко-культурную, символическую. Все это в комплексе с органичным включением парковых зон в городскую среду, естественным взаимодействием с городской архитектурой, функциональностью и разноплановостью позволяет считать общегородские парки и скверы одной из доминант столицы Финляндии. The article is devoted to the park architecture of Helsinki, where the total area of parks and squares is 30 percent of the territory. The author focused on the parks of the central part of the city: landscape, recreational, botanical, coastal, that is, intended for all age groups of the population. Almost all of them belong to the category of landscape. As features of Helsinki parks, the author notes the interaction of the natural environment and architectural forms, as well as the use of the terrain hilly-rocky, coastal or wooded. Of great importance is the fact that most of the citywide green areas were formed at the same time that the city received the status of the capital of Finland. The author also considers sculpture: animalistic, historical-cultural, symbolic, as an obligatory element of designing the Helsinki park space. All this in combination with the organic inclusion of park zones in the urban environment, natural interaction with urban architecture, functionality and diversity allows us to consider citywide parks and squares as one of the dominant capital of Finland.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE URBANIZED ENVIRONMENT ON THE EXAMPLE ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS (THUJA OCCIDENTALIS) OF THE CITY OF MINSK

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Roman S. Bondaruk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Water Metabolism ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In large cities a special temperature condition is formed, which is characterized by the increased temperatures that affects the duration of the growing season of plants. A decrease in the relative humidity of the air in the city is of great ecological importance for plants; this is especially noticeable in the summer. In urban conditions, a leveling of winds and the increased turbulence of air flows, which is associated with the planning features of urban development, lead to the accumulation of harmful atmospheric impurities. Smoke and dust content of the air in urban conditions retain up to 20 % of solar radiation, which has an adverse effect on the vital activity of plants. The urban environment is characterized by the features of the light regime, which disrupts the natural biological rhythms. In cities, the soils are exposed by a strong transformation and go through a complex anthropogenic impact. Compaction and contamination of the soil as well as asphalt coating negatively affect the temperature conditions, air and water exchange of the soils, and, as a result, the state of vegetation. The urban environment is distinguished by the originality of environmental factors, the specificity of technogenic impacts, leading to a significant transformation of the environment. Plants are the main factor in the ecological stabilization of the urban environment due to their vital activity, photosynthesis and the ability to accumulate pollutants. In this regard, it seems relevant to study the resistance of various plant species to urban conditions. Assessment of the ecological plasticity of plants and determination of their adaptive potential allows solving various ecological and practical problems. In the process of studying the influence of the urbanized environment on the example of the city of Minsk on some physiological indicators of thuja occidentalis plants, it was found that a change in cellular metabolism manifests itself in an increase in the permeability of cell membranes, a change in water metabolism of plants, an increase in peroxidase activity by 35% and a decrease in catalase activity by more than 1,6 times.

scholarly journals Prośrodowiskowe kształtowanie terenów zieleni - propozycje dla dzielnicy Ursynów m.st. Warszawy

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 433-446
Author(s):  
Justyna Staroszczyk ◽  
Antoni Skowroński
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Plant Properties

It is well known that green areas are a significant component of urban environment. Plants influence urban conditions in many ways; they have a positive effect on both people’s health and environmental issues, there are many reasons why the proportion of green areas in cities should be increased. It is important to take advantage of plant properties and suitable methods of shaping green areas to benefit nature. The article emphasizes the importance of comprehensive environmental protection. It presents selected methods of shaping green areas and nursing plants, which are in common use in Western Europe and USA, but are under-used in Poland, the main aim of the article is to propose solutions which allow to shape green areas in the Ursynów district of Warsaw in favor of environmental protection e.g. in a way that makes it possible to preserve biodiversity or reduce drink water use.

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