scholarly journals The Impacts of Research and Development Expenses on Export and Economic Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhat Yüksel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Unit Root Tests ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Panel Unit Root Tests ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
Causality Relationship

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of research and development expenses on export and economic growth. Within this scope, annual data of 28 European Union member countries for the periods between 1996 and 2014 was taken into the consideration. Additionally, Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality analysis was used in this study to achieve this objective. First of all, Im, Pesaran and Shin and Levin, Lin & Chu panel unit root tests were used to understand whether the variables are stationary or not. As a result of these tests, it was defined that the variable of economic growth is stationary whereas other two variables (export and R&D) are not. According to the results of Dumitrescu Hurlin causality analysis, it was determined that there is not a significant relationship between economic growth and R&D. On the other hand, it was concluded that there is a causality relationship from export to R&D expenses. This situation shows that EU member countries, which have higher export amount, give more importance to R&D in order to improve themselves.

scholarly journals Identifying Causality Relationship between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Developed Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Dinçer ◽  
Serhat Yüksel ◽  
Zafer Adalı
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Economic Improvement

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the causality relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for developed countries. Within this context, annual data of 22 developed countries was examined by using Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality analysis. As a result, it was determined that that there is a bidirectional relationship between energy consumption and economic improvement for developed countries. This condition provides two different results. Firstly, energy consumption has an influence on economic development for these countries. While considering this result, it can be said that any limitation in energy consumption will restrict economic growth. Moreover, it was also concluded that level of economic growth is the main reason of energy consumption for developed countries. In other words, developed countries tend to have more energy consumption when their economies are growing.

Conflict Risk and Defense Expenses and Their Impact on the Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 646-668
Author(s):  
Hasan Dinçer ◽  
Ümit Hacıoğlu ◽  
Serhat Yüksel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
High Conflict ◽  
Emerging Country ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Conflict Risk

The main purpose of this chapter is to identify the effects of conflict risk and defense expenses on economic growth. Within this scope, annual data of 17 emerging economies for the period between 1989 and 2014 were analyzed. In addition to this situation, Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality test was taken into consideration in order to reach the objective. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a causality relationship between conflict and defense expenses for these countries. This situation shows that emerging countries, which have high conflict risk, also increase defense expenses so as to minimize the negative effects of these conflicts. Additionally, it was also identified that economic growth is a significant reason of high defense expenses. In other words, it can be said that when the economy of an emerging country is developed, it gives more importance to defense expenses in order to take action for this conflict.

scholarly journals Tourism and Economic Growth in G10 Countries

Tourism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
Uğur Korkut Pata
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

This study proposes an asymmetric panel causality test to analyze the relationship between tourist arrivals and economic growth. To this end, annual data over the period 1995–2017 are examined for the G10 countries. The findings demonstrate that the relationship between tourism and economic growth varies according to positive and negative shocks. In terms of positive shocks, tourism development causes economic growth. The study also finds a bidirectional causality relationship between the negative shocks of the variables. Therefore, positive developments in tourism contribute to economic growth, while negative events in tourism impede growth. In sum, tourism is strongly linked to economic activities in G10 countries, and thus policymakers should attach importance to the tourism sector in order to support sustainable development.

scholarly journals Panel Granger causality analysis of relationships between tourism and economic growth in the top eight tourist destinations

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-430
Author(s):  
Özgür Bayram Soylu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Panel Granger Causality ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
National Economies

The tourism has economic, social and political effects and contributes to the economic development of many countries. Interaction levels of national economies increase with tourism through globalization. This study aims to test the causality relationship between the components of the tourism and economic growth. The causality relationship between the components of the tourism and economic growth by using panel causality analysis method. The findings indicate a bi-directional causality relationship between growth and tourism expenditures and tourism revenues. Tourism expenditures, tourism receipts and number of international arrivals are parameters of the tourism. Real gross domestic product ratio is used as a growth indicator. The top eight tourist destinations are analyzed; Spain, Italy, Russia, Turkey, France, China, USA, UK. In this context; A panel dataset was created for the top eight tourism countries over the period 1995–2017. The arrivals of tourists, expenditure levels of tourists and tourism receipts are important indicators for the national economies. The positive effects of these indicators on the balance of payments, being a source of foreign exchange, employment creation, triggering investment in infrastructure and superstructure and creating a revitalizing effect in other sectors, have an important place in the region and country economy with their socio-cultural reflections.

Relationship Between Non-Performing Loans, Industry, and Economic Growth of the African Economies and Policy Recommendations for Global Growth

2018 ◽  
pp. 203-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Dinçer ◽  
Serhat Yuksel ◽  
Zafer Adalı
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
The People ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Global Growth

The main purpose of this chapter is to evaluate the causality relationship between non-performing loans, industry volume, and economic growth and to provide some policy recommendations for global growth. Within this context, annual data of 16 African countries for the periods between 2001 and 2015 was taken into the consideration. Additionally, Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality test was used to reach the objective. According to the result of this analysis, it was identified that there is a causality relationship between industry volume and economic growth. In addition to this situation, it was also defined that a decrease in economic growth is the main cause of the non-performing loans ratio in African countries. This chapter makes an important contribution to the literature. While considering these results, it can be said that to increase global trade economies of the countries should be improved and banking sectors should work more effectively. As a result, it will be possible to increase the living standards of the people and provide global growth.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Economic Growth And Terrorism with the Human Development Index: A Causality Analysis on MENA Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 226-234
Author(s):  
Günay Özcan ◽  
Cigdem Karter
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Examining the human development of societies is one of the important economic policy practices of recent times. Therefore, economies steer the sub-components of human development and their policies implemented by researching the factors that affect such sub-components. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine the relationship between economic growth and terrorism with human development in 12 selected MENA countries in the period of 2002-2017 by the panel causality method. The findings obtained as a result of the panel causality analysis show that both terrorism and economic growth have bidirectional causality with the human development index throughout the panel. A causality relationship has also been found in many countries on a country basis

Effects of Demographic Characteristics on Business Success

2019 ◽  
pp. 304-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Dinçer ◽  
Serhat Yüksel ◽  
Serkan Eti ◽  
Ali Tula
Keyword(s):  
Positive Influence ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Training Level ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
University Life ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
The University

The aim of this chapter is to evaluate the causality relationship between education level of the personnel and profitability of the banks. For this purpose, annual data of 15 Turkish deposit banks, between the years 2002 and 2016, is taken into the consideration. Additionally, Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality analysis is used to achieve this objective. The findings show that education level of the personnel has a positive influence on the profitability of Turkish deposit banks. Hence, it can be said that Turkish banks should employ more personnel who are university graduate or have master or PhD degree. The main reason behind this issue is that these personnel can work more effectively with the qualification taken from the university. Another important point is that Turkish banks do not have to spend too much money to increase the training level of these personnel at the work because these personnel have taken these qualifications in their university life. Hence, it is recommended that these banks should follow their wages policies to attract the attention of educated candidates.

scholarly journals DOES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY CONVERGE AMONG ASEAN COUNTRIES?

2019 ◽  
pp. 477-494
Author(s):  
Badri Narayan Rath
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Lagrange Multiplier ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Unit Root Tests ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Convergence ◽  
Asean Countries

This paper examines the productivity convergence of the five original Association ofSoutheast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines,Singapore, and Thailand (ASEAN-5), using annual data spanning the period 1968to 2014. Results from two-break Lagrange multiplier and residual augmented leastsquares Lagrange multiplier unit root tests reveal strong evidence of productivityconvergence in case of ASEAN-5. Further, the results based on Phillips–Sul panelclub convergence also reveal productivity convergence. To check the robustness ofour finding, we use an alternative measure of total factor productivity and still findevidence of convergence. We infer that such productivity improvements may helpASEAN countries to achieve a higher pace of economic growth.

Evaluating the Role of Research and Development and Technology Investments on Economic Development of E7 Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 245-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Dinçer ◽  
Serhat Yüksel ◽  
Zafer Adalı ◽  
Rıdvan Aydın
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Current Account Deficit ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Development Expenditure

This chapter aims to evaluate the effects of research and development on economic growth, export, and unemployment rate in emerging economies. Within this scope, E7 countries are taken into the consideration. Additionally, annual data of these variables for the periods between 1996 and 2016 is tested by using Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality analysis. It is concluded that research and development expenditure has a positive effect to increase the export amount for these emerging economies. On the other hand, it is also identified that there is not a causality relationship between research and development with economic growth and unemployment rate. Therefore, it is recommended that emerging economies should take necessary actions to increase research and development investment to have higher amount of export. Hence, it can be possible for these countries to minimize the negative effects of current account deficit. In addition to this issue, it can also be seen that making research and development investment plays a key role to improve the economic performance of these countries.

Conflict Risk and Defense Expenses and Their Impact on the Economic Growth

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Dinçer ◽  
Ümit Hacıoğlu ◽  
Serhat Yüksel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
High Conflict ◽  
Emerging Country ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Conflict Risk

The main purpose of this chapter is to identify the effects of conflict risk and defense expenses on economic growth. Within this scope, annual data of 17 emerging economies for the period between 1989 and 2014 were analyzed. In addition to this situation, Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality test was taken into consideration in order to reach the objective. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a causality relationship between conflict and defense expenses for these countries. This situation shows that emerging countries, which have high conflict risk, also increase defense expenses so as to minimize the negative effects of these conflicts. Additionally, it was also identified that economic growth is a significant reason of high defense expenses. In other words, it can be said that when the economy of an emerging country is developed, it gives more importance to defense expenses in order to take action for this conflict.

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