scholarly journals Analysis of Non-formal Education (NFE) Needs in Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Widodo Widodo ◽  
Widya Nusantara
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Program Analysis ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Synergistic Relationship ◽  
Positive Character

The research objective is to determine the role of Non-formal Education (NFE) programs in schools and children’s interest in Non-formal Education The study uses a quantitative analysis approach. The results show there is a holistic and synergistic relationship between Non-formal Education and schools. The interest of students who take the Non-formal Education program at school is “optional”, there is no compulsion, according to students’ interests, is entertaining, gives “added value” to children. NFE program analysis that strengthens the character of children includes; sports specialities strengthen the character of sportsmanship, tenacity and courage. An additional program of subject matter reinforces the character of diligent learning. The culinary training program strengthens character not to give up and the Islamic arts program strengthens creative character. Non-formal education is really needed to support the character in extracurricular in formal education NFE program in schools is very useful to provide reinforcement of positive character and even become a “must” so that students’ character develops well.

scholarly journals WORKSHOP PROGRAM EFFORT OF COMMUNITY LEARNING CENTER (PKBM) IN PREVENTING TEENAGER PROMISCUITY (Case Study in PKBM Bina Mandiri Cipageran Cimahi)

Empowerment ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Nunu M. Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Clear Picture ◽  
National Education ◽  
Community Learning Center ◽  
Technology Changes

PKBM is an institution engaged in education and is formed by the community for people. PKBM is still under the supervision and guidance of the National Education Office. PKBM can be either in village or sub-district level. However, the establishment of this institution has not been so many yet, because the community assumption related to the need of PKBM is still low. Through this study, the researcher wants to reveal the important role of PLS as in this case is PKBM to become the vehicle of education for the community. In the current era of globalization free social relations increasingly widespread and certainly harm the dignity and dignity of the nation. So the function of the PLS as a substitute, the complement of formal education needs to be strengthened so that the education department is really able to form a complete Indonesian man. Challenges in the globalization era are very large towards the world of education, the development of science and technology changes the social life of Indonesian people, especially foreign cultures threaten the civilization of Indonesia nation. In forming complete Indonesian people, education determine direction of the next generation, through formal education, but it is not entirely successful without the supports of non-formal school or. As the negative result, promiscuity among people or even students is inevitable. In related to this problem, the researcher wants to prove that non-formal education gives effects to the development of Indonesian people generation. The researcher does comparison to the regions which have PKBM institutions in order to provide a clear picture. This study uses qualitative method to see the clear picture of PKBM effort in assessing the outcome of training program on the distribution of talents and interest of adolescents in preventing promiscuity, with the population being sampled as many as 6 people taken from studying citizens. From the results of this research, the role of PKBM training program makes teenagers social relationship become better and more beneficial. PKBM provides a lot of educational support to the community and also becomes a forum for youth and young women. It can be concluded that PKBM can prevent the teenagers from promiscuity, therefore, it is expected that PKBM is established in every village, so that formal education is equipped by non-formal Education because it gives a positive impact on the behavior of the younger generation.

scholarly journals Kebutuhan Program Continuing Legal Education bagi Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Sartono Sahlan ◽  
Suhadi Suhadi ◽  
Saru Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Education Model ◽  
Working World

Kompetisi di pasar kerja saat ini menuntut mutu lulusan yang tidak saja memiliki kemampuan akademik yang kuat, melainkan juga alumni yang memiliki nilai tambah khususnya keterampilan di bidang ilmu yang dipelajarinya. Dalam kaitan ini, alumni Fakultas Hukum sejatinya adalah dipersiapkan untuk menjadi professional di bidang hukum, yakni menjadi praktisi hukum yang memiliki kemampuan teoretik yang baik serta keterampilan hukum yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dunia kerja. Namun sayangnya, model pendidikan hukum yang ada selama ini masih terasa kurang berimbang dikarenakan masih dominan mengajarkan teori-teori hukum saja kepada mahasiswa, sehingga penguatan keterampilan hukum mahasiswa perlu dijembatani dengan penambahan program pendidikan lanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis alasan-alasan pentingnya program pendidikan hukum lanjutan bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum UNNES; jenis-jenis program pendidikan lanjutan apa saja yang dibutuhkan, serta faktor-faktor pendukung apa saja yang diperlukan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplanatif dan juga eksploratif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Program Pendidikan lanjutan bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum UNNES dikarenakan porsi teori dalam proses perkuliahan masih sangat dominan. Oleh sebab itu jenis-jenis kebutuhan pendidikan lanjutan yang dibutuhkan mahasiswa adalah pemagangan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahaiswa, training kontrak-kontrak hukum dan legal drafting. Untuk mencapai kesuksesan dalam program pendidikan lanjutan tersebut dibutuhkan proporsi tenaga pengajar dari unsur praktisi yang lebih banyak serta revitalisasi fungsi dan peran laboratorium hukum.<br /><br /><br /><em>Competition in today’s job market demands quality graduates who not only have strong academic skills, but also graduates who have skills in particular added value in the field of science studies. In this regard, the alumni of the Faculty of Law actually are prepared to become professionals in the field of law, such as a legal practitioner who has the theoretical capability as well as legal skills that fit the needs of the working world. Unfortunately, the existing legal education model for this is still noticeably less balanced due to the still dominant legal theories taught only to students, thus strengthening legal skills students need to be bridged by the addition of further education programs. This study aimed to analyze the reasons interests of advanced legal education program for students of the Faculty of Law UNNES; the types of continuing education program of what is needed, as well as factors supporting whatever is needed. This research is an explanatory research and exploratory. Results of this study showed that advanced education program for law students UNNES due to the portion of theory in the lecture are still very dominant. Therefore, the types of continuing education requirements that students need is apprenticeship in accordance with the needs mahaiswa, training contracts and legal drafting laws. To achieve success in the continuing education program required proportion of teachers of the elements that more practitioners and revitalize the functions and role of the legal laboratory. </em><br /><br />

Peranan Whistleblowing Dalam Meningkatkan Integriti Anggota Polis Diraja Malaysia (Pdrm): Kajian Ke Atas Kontinjen Perak

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Megat Ayop Megat Arifin ◽  
Abd. Halim Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Positive Practices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Whitsleblowing is one of the positive practices in organizations that are able to raise the level of integrity among the members of an organization. However, the roles of whistleblowing also inevitably invites a response, especially among members of the organization itself. This is because such practices are viewed as one factor that may be detrimental to the organization in addition to revealing the reporter (whistleblower) to some external threats and intimidation of discrimination within the organization. This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between perceptions of members of the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) Contingent of Perak through the role of whistleblowing practices to increase the perception of the integrity of the members. Next, identify the purpose of the whistleblowing and its effect on the integrity of the members of the organization. This study used a descriptive quantitative analysis to identify patterns of relationship that exists between the perception of whistleblowing practices with perceptions of increased integrity based on three basic variables of demographic factors, response to whistleblowing and the impact of making the report. The results showed that members of the Perak’s police have a positive perception of whistleblowing practices which are seen to be done in improving the integrity of the members.Keywords: whistleblowing, perception, RMP members, culture, integrity, organization, influence. ABSTRAK: Whitsleblowing merupakan salah satu amalan positif dalam organisasi yang mampu untuk meningkatkan tahap integriti ahli-ahli dalam sesebuah organisasi. Namun begitu, amalan whistleblowing juga turut tidak dapat mengelak daripada mengundang pelbagai respon khususnya dalam kalangan ahli organisasi itu sendiri. Amalan sebegini turut dilihat sebagai salah satu faktor yang boleh memudaratkan organisasi di samping mendedahkan pelapor (whistleblower) kepada beberapa bentuk ancaman ugutan dari luar dan diskriminasi dalam organisasi. Kertas ini merupakan satu upaya untuk melihat perkaitan antara persepsi anggota Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM) Kontinjen Perak melalui peranan amalan whistleblowing terhadap persepsi peningkatan integriti anggota. Seterusnya, mengenalpasti maksud whistleblowing dan pengaruhnya terhadap tahap integriti anggota dalam organisasi. Kajian ini menggunakan analisis kuantitatif berbentuk deskriptif bagi mengenalpasti corak hubungan yang wujud antara persepsi terhadap amalan whistleblowing dengan persepsi terhadap peningkatan integriti berdasarkan tiga pembolehubah asas iaitu faktor demografi, tanggapan terhadap whistleblowing dan kesan daripada tindakan membuat laporan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa anggota PDRM Perak mempunyai persepsi yang positif terhadap whistleblowing yang mana ianya dilihat perlu dilaksanakan dalam meningkatkan integriti anggota.Kata kunci: whistleblowing, persepsi, amalan, anggota PDRM, budaya, integriti, organisasi, pengaruh.  

Aboutness

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Yablo
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Philosophical Methodology ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Truth Conditions ◽  
Ways Of Being ◽  
Made In

Aboutness has been studied from any number of angles. Brentano made it the defining feature of the mental. Phenomenologists try to pin down the aboutness features of particular mental states. Materialists sometimes claim to have grounded aboutness in natural regularities. Attempts have even been made, in library science and information theory, to operationalize the notion. However, it has played no real role in philosophical semantics, which is surprising. This is the first book to examine through a philosophical lens the role of subject matter in meaning. A long-standing tradition sees meaning as truth conditions, to be specified by listing the scenarios in which a sentence is true. Nothing is said about the principle of selection—about what in a scenario gets it onto the list. Subject matter is the missing link here. A sentence is true because of how matters stand where its subject matter is concerned. This book maintains that this is not just a feature of subject matter, but its essence. One indicates what a sentence is about by mapping out logical space according to its changing ways of being true or false. The notion of content that results—directed content—is brought to bear on a range of philosophical topics, including ontology, verisimilitude, knowledge, loose talk, assertive content, and philosophical methodology. The book represents a major advance in semantics and the philosophy of language.

THE ROLE OF EDUCATION ON DISASTER PREPAREDNESS CASE STUDY OF 2012 INDIAN OCEAN EARTHQUAKES ON THAILAND’S

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raya Muttarak ◽  
Wiraporn Pothisiri
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Disaster Experience ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Individual

In this paper we investigate how well residents of the Andaman coast in Phang Nga province, Thailand, are prepared for earthquakes and tsunami. It is hypothesized that formal education can promote disaster preparedness because education enhances individual cognitive and learning skills, as well as access to information. A survey was conducted of 557 households in the areas that received tsunami warnings following the Indian Ocean earthquakes on 11 April 2012. Interviews were carried out during the period of numerous aftershocks, which put residents in the region on high alert. The respondents were asked what emergency preparedness measures they had taken following the 11 April earthquakes. Using the partial proportional odds model, the paper investigates determinants of personal disaster preparedness measured as the number of preparedness actions taken. Controlling for village effects, we find that formal education, measured at the individual, household, and community levels, has a positive relationship with taking preparedness measures. For the survey group without past disaster experience, the education level of household members is positively related to disaster preparedness. The findings also show that disaster related training is most effective for individuals with high educational attainment. Furthermore, living in a community with a higher proportion of women who have at least a secondary education increases the likelihood of disaster preparedness. In conclusion, we found that formal education can increase disaster preparedness and reduce vulnerability to natural hazards.

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN GURU BERPRESTASI KOTA MEDAN MENERAPKAN METODE PREFERENCES SELECTION INDEX (STUDI KASUS : DINAS PENDIDIKAN KOTA MEDAN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajar Syahputra ◽  
Mesran Mesran ◽  
Ikhwan Lubis ◽  
Agus Perdana Windarto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Selection Of

The teacher is a major milestone in the world of education, the ability and achievement of students cannot be separated from the role of a teacher in teaching and guiding students. Based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers, in Article 1 explained that teachers are professional educators with the main task of educating, teaching, guiding, directing, training, evaluating, and evaluating students in early childhood education through formal education, basic education and education medium. Whereas in Article 4 of the Act, it is explained that the position of teachers as professionals serves to enhance the dignity and role of teachers as learning agents to function to improve the quality of national education.Decision making is an election process, among various alternatives that aim to meet one or several targets. The decision-making system has 4 phases, namely intelligence, design, choice and implementation. These phases are the basis for decision making, which ends with a recommendation.The Preferences Selection Index (PSI) method is a rarely used decision support system method. This method is a method developed by stevanie and Bhatt (2010) to solve the Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). With the right consideration, this method can be one of the tools to determine policies in decision-making systems, especially the selection of outstanding teachers. Determination of policies taken as a basis for decision making, must use criteria that can be defined clearly and objectively.Keywords: Decision Support System, PSI, Selection of Achieving Teachers

scholarly journals Dissecting the contribution of O-Antigen and proteins to the immunogenicity of Shigella sonnei generalized modules for membrane antigens (GMMA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Mancini ◽  
Gianmarco Gasperini ◽  
Omar Rossi ◽  
Maria Grazia Aruta ◽  
Maria Michelina Raso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Outer Membranes ◽  
O Antigen ◽  
Membrane Antigens ◽  
Specific Igg

AbstractGMMA are exosomes released from engineered Gram-negative bacteria resembling the composition of outer membranes. We applied the GMMA technology for the development of an O-Antigen (OAg) based vaccine against Shigella sonnei, the most epidemiologically relevant cause of shigellosis. S. sonnei OAg has been identified as a key antigen for protective immunity, and GMMA are able to induce anti-OAg-specific IgG response in animal models and healthy adults. The contribution of protein-specific antibodies induced upon vaccination with GMMA has never been fully elucidated. Anti-protein antibodies are induced in mice upon immunization with either OAg-negative and OAg-positive GMMA. Here we demonstrated that OAg chains shield the bacteria from anti-protein antibody binding and therefore anti-OAg antibodies were the main drivers of bactericidal activity against OAg-positive bacteria. Interestingly, antibodies that are not targeting the OAg are functional against OAg-negative bacteria. The immunodominant protein antigens were identified by proteomic analysis. Our study confirms a critical role of the OAg on the immune response induced by S. sonnei GMMA. However, little is known about OAg length and density regulation during infection and, therefore, protein exposure. Hence, the presence of protein antigens on S. sonnei GMMA represents an added value for GMMA vaccines compared to other OAg-based formulations.

scholarly journals Assessing social preferences in reimbursement negotiations for new Pharmaceuticals in Oncology: an experimental design to analyse willingness to pay and willingness to accept

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik J. Wettstein ◽  
Stefan Boes
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Patient Organisation ◽  
Patient Benefit

Abstract Background Price negotiations for specialty pharmaceuticals take place in a complex market setting. The determination of the added value of new treatments and the related societal willingness to pay are of increasing importance in policy reform debates. From a behavioural economics perspective, potential cognitive biases and other-regarding concerns affecting outcomes of reimbursement negotiations are of interest. An experimental setting to investigate social preferences in reimbursement negotiations for novel, oncology pharmaceuticals was used. Of interest were differences in social preferences caused by incremental changes of the patient outcome. Methods An online experiment was conducted in two separate runs (n = 202, n = 404) on the Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) platform. Populations were split into two (run one) and four (run two) equally sized treatment groups for hypothetical reimbursement decisions. Participants were randomly assigned to the role of a public price regulator for pharmaceuticals (buyer) or a representative of a pharmaceutical company (seller). In run two, role groups were further split into two different price magnitude framings (“real world” vs unconverted “real payoff” prices). Decisions had real monetary effects on other participants (in the role of premium payers or investors) and via charitable donations to a patient organisation (patient benefit). Results 56 (run one) and 59 (run two) percent of participants stated strictly monotone preferences for incremental patient benefit. The mean incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) against standard of care (SoC) was higher than the initial ICER of the SoC against no care. Regulators stated lower reservation prices in the “real world” prices group compared to their colleagues in the unconverted payoff group. No price group showed any reluctance to trade. Overall, regulators rated the relevance of the patient for their decision higher and the relevance of their own role lower compared to sellers. Conclusions The price magnitude of current oncology treatments affects stated preferences for incremental survival, and assigned responsibilities lead to different opinions on the relevance of affected stakeholders. The design is useful to further assess effects of reimbursement negotiations on societal outcomes like affordability (cost) or availability (access) of new pharmaceuticals and test behavioural policy interventions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Brazilian Community Restaurants for the Dimension of Low-Income People Access to Food

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2671
Author(s):  
Mateus Santana Sousa ◽  
Camila Silveira Silva Teixeira ◽  
Jamacy Costa Souza ◽  
Priscila Ribas de Farias Costa ◽  
Renata Puppin Zandonadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Service Capacity ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Access To Food

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of community restaurants (CRs), managed by the Government of the State of Bahia/Brazil, for the dimension of access to food. The study used secondary data obtained from the public opinion survey Profile of users of community restaurants in Salvador. The nutritional information was accessed through the analysis of CRs’ menus. Adequate effectiveness of access to food was considered when the CR served meals to 50% to 70% of the users considered the target audience (individuals served by the two CRs located in the city of Salvador/Bahia/Brazil). The participants (n = 1464; 778 as low-income individuals) were adult CR users from Salvador/Brazil. Most of the respondents were male, 40 to 54 years old, not white, had up to 9 years of formal education, without a partner, and living in the municipality of Salvador. The evaluated CRs are effective in serving 53.1% of the target population in their total service capacity. Meal provision only reached an estimated 0.7% of the socially vulnerable community in the district. The average energy value of the meal served by the CR units was 853.05 kcal/meal, with a mean energy density composition classified as average (1.15 kcal/g). The effectiveness of the evaluated community restaurants showed that these instruments were minimally effective in promoting access to food for the low-income population within their total daily service capacity, and the current quantity of these facilities was insufficient. However, these instruments stand out in the fundamental role of promoting the daily distribution of meals to the Brazilian population with the highest social vulnerability levels.

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