PLASMA ANDROGENS IN WOMEN

1964 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Dignam ◽  
R. J. Pion ◽  
E. J. Lamb ◽  
H. H. Simmer
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
List Type ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Normal Women

ABSTRACT Plasma levels of conjugated DHEA, conjugated androsterone (modified method of Migeon & Plager) and testosterone (method of Finkelstein et al.) were determined in a group of 20 patients with polycystic ovaries and hirsutism or virilism, before and after intravenous HCG stimulation and ACTH-suppression with dexamethasone. Mean values for testosterone, conjugated DHEA and androsterone were.34 ±.24 μg/100 ml, 50.9 ± 28.3 μg/100 ml and 31.4 ± 19.4 μg/100 ml respectively, all significantly higher than levels found in normal women. In all, but 3 cases, testosterone values were above the 2-sigma range of normal women in contrast to the frequent overlapping observed for conjugated DHEA and androsterone. HCG stimulation led to a significant rise in the mean value of testosterone (.61 ±.22 μg/100 ml) but little change was seen in those of the conjugates. While dexamethasone caused a marked decrease of testosterone in only 2 patients, it led to a pronounced fall in DHEA values and a lesser but significant drop in androsterone concentrations in most patients. In patients with a unilateral polycystic or with bilateral polycystic ovaries but without hirsutism or virilism similar values were noted. Two patients with arrhenoblastomas, 4 patients with adrenal disorders and 13 patients with hirsutism of unknown origin were studied and their findings presented. All patients with hirsutism or virilism had a higher mean value of testosterone than did normal women. The testosterone levels did not parallel the severity, although a correlation did seem to exist in the mildly and moderately hirsute patients. Plasma androgen determinations in general and plasma testosterone studies, in particular, while helpful in elucidating the clinical manifestations of masculinization do not allow the investigator to differentiate an adrenal from an ovarian source. Adjunctive studies, utilizing HCG and dexamethasone, are helpful, but not conclusive.

Effectiveness of Long-term Heparin-induced Extracorporeal LDL Precipitation (HELP) in Improving Coronary Calcifications

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ramunni ◽  
L.F. Morrone ◽  
G. Baldassarre ◽  
E. Montagna ◽  
A. Saracino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Plasma Pool ◽  
Before And After

There is clear clinical evidence that a drastic lowering of plasma LDL- Cholesterol (LDL) concentrations significantly reduces the rate of total and coronary mortality as well as the incidence of cardiovascular events in high risk hypercholesterolemic patients. We describe the case of a 51-year-old woman with coronary heart disease (CHD) who presented with increasing angina on exertion in 1995, at the age of 45. She suffered from a heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and in 1985 her total cholesterol (TCHO) was 328±62 mg/dl (mean value of ten analysis). After ten years of statins her mean values (20 analysis, 2 per year) were: TCHO 259±71, LDL 209±47, HDL 35±7 mg/dl. Coronary angiography (CA) performed in 1995 disclosed three vessel coronary heart disease with significant stenoses of the distal right coronary artery, multiple calcifications of the interventricularis artery and multiple plaques with significant stenoses in the ramus circumflexus. The woman underwent coronary by-pass surgery. Thereafter the patient was treated for six years with HELP in biweekly intervals, in combination with statins. TCHO, LDL, HDL and fibrinogen (fb) levels were measured before and after each treatment. Their mean values for an amount of 120 sessions were: TCHO pre 216±23, post 111±18 LDL pre 152±16 post 67±18, HDL pre 42±5 post 35±4 fb pre 306±48 post 125±31. In 2001 a new CA was performed. Calcifications disappeared and stenoses were identical to the previous CA or reduced. There were no further clinical manifestations of CHD. We trust that the clinical benefit of the HELP procedure will be substantial for those patients who have problems in clearing LDL from their plasma pool and who are at the same time sensitive to elevated LDL levels by the development of premature coronary sclerosis.

PLASMA TESTOSTERONE AND URINARY STEROIDS IN JAPANESE WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIES

1971 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kurachi ◽  
M. Miyazaki ◽  
S. Mizutani ◽  
K. Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
The One ◽  
Normal Controls

ABSTRACT Urinary metabolites of cortisol, 11-oxy-17-ketosteroids, 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids and oestrogens were measured in 8 normal Japanese women and 21 Japanese patients with polycystic ovaries, both before and after dexamethasone administration or ovarian stimulation with human menopausal gonadotrophin under adrenal suppression. Plasma testosterone was estimated in 12 normal women and also in 9 of the patients. It has been suggested that polycystic ovaries secrete significantly larger quantities of androgens than normal ovaries, even though very few Japanese women with polycystic ovaries show any signs of hirsutism. Although the patients had higher mean plasma testosterone value (58 ± 35 (sd) ng/100 ml) than the normal controls (30 ± 15 (sd) ng/100 ml), only 2 of the 9 patients had plasma testosterone values higher than the normal range. Of the 9 patients, hirsutism was found in the one who showed the highest value (141 ng/100). No evidence of the failure of oestrogen formation from androgens was obtained in Japanese women with polycystic ovaries.

Influence of corticotrophin on plasma testosterone in normal women

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vérine ◽  
E. Trouvé-Blanqui ◽  
C. Oliver ◽  
J. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Acth Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Women

Abstract. The concentrations of ACTH and testosterone (T) in the plasma from 12 normal women (aged 18–35 years) were simultaneously determined at various times after im injection of 1 mg corticotrophin. The increase in the plasma level of total immunoreactive ACTH was maximal 0.5 h after the injection (mean value 1123 as compared to 36 pg/ml in the basal state); at 48 h, the ACTH level was still 2.4-fold that measured in the basal state. The administration of corticotrophin induced a broad increase in the mean level of plasma T which was highly significant (P < 0.001) at 4, 6, 8, 16 and 24 h after the injection. The maximum T response was detected at 16 h (mean value 477 as compared to 338 pg/ml in the basal state). The results indicate that plasma T is susceptible to stimulation by a pharmacological dose of ACTH in normal women. This effect should be taken into account in evaluating the indication of ACTH as a therapeutic agent.

VARIATIONS IN THE CONCENTRATION OF TESTOSTERONE IN PERIPHERAL VENOUS PLASMA FROM HEALTHY WOMEN

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. P. Tyler ◽  
John R. Newton ◽  
William P. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serial Samples ◽  
Considerable Individual Variation ◽  
Ovarian Cycles ◽  
Venous Plasma

ABSTRACT The concentration of testosterone (ng/100 ml; mean ± sd) has been determined in peripheral venous plasma at 4 hourly intervals for 24 h from 9 non-pregnant women (39.8 ± 11.8) and 9 during late pregnancy (70 ± 32). In addition, the level of this hormone has been measured in samples of plasma removed daily (between 08.30 and 10.00 h) throughout 9 ovarian cycles (41.6 ± 11.8), and weekly from 10 women during gestation (57.6 ± 14.7). The results show that there is considerable individual variation in both the concentration and pattern in serial samples over the respective time scales. The values of the arithmetic mean from non-pregnant subjects show that there is a tendency for the concentration to be lower between 20.00 and 04.00 h. However, the differences between the values at defined times over a 24 h period are not statistically significant. During the ovarian cycle 3 subjects had peak values during the peri-ovulatory phase, 2 in the luteal, 1 in the follicular and 3 showed no consistent pattern. There was no significant difference in values (40.9 ± 11.8, 41.9 ± 11.9 and 41.8 ± 11.9) for the 3 phases of the cycle. There is a significant rise in the concentration of plasma testosterone during pregnancy (P< 0.0005), but the pattern of the arithmetic mean is not related to the corresponding values for progesterone or oestradiol. During late pregnancy (34 weeks to term) there is a change in the nycterohemeral pattern, with the highest mean values occurring between 16.00 and 04.00 h. The results are discussed.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Infertile Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Hima Rijal
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Aims: To correlate the AMH level with various clinical and biochemical parameters in patients presenting to infertility clinic with diagnosis of PCOS. Methods: This is a hospital based prospective study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from January 2018 to December 2018. Women of reproductive age (21– 35 years) who presented to infertility clinic were recruited for study after taking informed consent. PCOS patients were selected by the Rotterdam criteria. Data regarding menstrual history, clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism, transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) assessments for ovarian follicles, and the levels of AMH, LH, FSH, testosterone and Estradiol were collected. Blood sampling for hormone measurement (LH, FSH, Testosterone, Estradiol) was performed in the second day of menstrual cycle. Serum AMH was measured in any day of menstrual cycle. TVS was performed for morphology of ovaries during follicular phase. Results: There were 54 patients with PCOS based on Rotterdem criteria. The mean age was 26.6±3.7 year (range=20-35). Among the study population 42 patients (78%) had primary infertility.  High AMH with bilateral polycystic ovaries was in 32(59.2%), bilateral PCO with normal AMH was in 13(24%), unilateral polycystic ovaries with high AMH was in 2(3.7%). AMH mean value was 9.8±4.1 ng/ml (range=2.8-19.8), high in 40 women (74%) and normal in 14 women (26%). Conclusions: Serum AMH can be a useful serum marker of PCOS and it correlates with the clinical and biochemical abnormalities in women with PCOS. Keywords:  anti mullarian hormone, infertility, hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovarian syndrome

Seasonal trends in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater runoff in a subarctic catchment at Okstindan, Norway

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Gurney ◽  
D.S.L. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stable Isotopic Composition ◽  
Meltwater Runoff ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Δ18o And Δd

Seasonal variations in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater were investigated in a sub-arctic, mountainous, but non-glacial, catchment at Okstindan in northern Norway based on analyses of δ18O and δD. Samples were collected during four field periods (August 1998; April 1999; June 1999 and August 1999) at three sites lying on an altitudinal transect (740–970 m a.s.l.). Snowpack data display an increase in the mean values of δ18O (increasing from a mean value of −13.51 to −11.49‰ between April and August), as well as a decrease in variability through the melt period. Comparison with a regional meteoric water line indicates that the slope of the δ18O–δD line for the snowpacks decreases over the same period, dropping from 7.49 to approximately 6.2.This change points to the role of evaporation in snowpack ablation and is confirmed by the vertical profile of deuterium excess. Snowpack seepage data, although limited, also suggest reduced values of δD, as might be associated with local evaporation during meltwater generation. In general, meltwaters were depleted in δ18O relative to the source snowpack at the peak of the melt (June), but later in the year (August) the difference between the two was not statistically significant. The diurnal pattern of isotopic composition indicates that the most depleted meltwaters coincide with the peak in temperature and, hence, meltwater production.

HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CHANGES IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED ACETAMIPRID TOXICITY IN SWISS ALBINO MICE

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.T. Fefar ◽  
Ankita N. Brahmbhatt ◽  
B.P. Joshi ◽  
D.J. Ghodasara
Keyword(s):  
Dose Level ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Immunological Effects ◽  
Albino Mice

A study was conducted on 5 weeks old 64 (32 male and 32 female) Swiss albino mice to assess the haemato-biochemical and immunological effects of acetamiprid. All the male and female mice were randomly divided into eight different groups. The groups I (male) and II (female) served as controls whereas remaining groups served as treatment groups and were administered acetamiprid at the daily dose rate of 20, 10, 5 mg/kg body weight in males(Group III, V, VII) and females (Group IV, VI,VIII),respectively for 28 days. After 28 days treatment, blood samples were collected for hematological, biochemical as well as immunological analysis. There was significant decrease in haematological parameters like Hb, TEC, TLC, neutrophils and lymphocytes count in high dose groups and revealed potential adversity of acetamiprid at rates of 20 mg/kg/day on haematopoetic system of mice. A dose dependent significant rise in mean values of AST and ALT was observed in treatment groups, whereas there was significant decrease in total protein and albumin and increase in BUN in high and mid dose treated groups, irrespective of sex of mice. Dinitroflurobenzene (DNFB) test conducted to assess the cell mediated immunity revealed the toxic effect of acetamiprid on cell mediated immunity of mice at dose level of 10 mg/kg/day. The mice of high dose group revealed a significant decrease in HA titer and indicated the immunotoxic potential of acetamiprid at dose level of 20 mg/kg/day.

Clinico-Haematological Alterations in Goats Affected with Ruminal Acidosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Chavelikar ◽  
G. C. Mandali ◽  
D. M. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Muscle Twitching ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Ruminal acidosis is one of the most important clinical emergencies in sheep and goats resulting into high mortality rate. In the present study, eight healthy farm goats and 24 goats presented to the TVCC of the college with clinical signs of ruminal acidosis like anorexia, tympany, increased pulse and respiratory rate, reduced body temperature, doughy rumen, enteritis, oliguria, grinding of teeth, purulent nasal discharge, muscle twitching, arched back, dehydration and recumbency with rumen liquor pH below 6 were examined for haematological alterations using autohaematoanalyzer. Among various haematological parameters evaluated from acidotic goats, the mean values of Hb (12.21±0.17 vs. 10.86±0.15 g/dl), TEC (14.28±0.16 vs. 12.04±0.36 ×106/ μl), TLC (13.43±0.11 vs. 11.11±0.27 ×103/μl), PCV (36.91±0.53 vs. 29.88±0.55%), neutrophils (64.54±0.93 vs. 28.13±0.92%), MCV (23.38±0.37 vs. 19.38±1.34 fl) and MCH (7.03±0.08 vs. 6.31±0.25 pg) were found significantly increased, while the mean values of lymphocytes (28.00±0.82 vs. 65.38±0.80%) and MCHC (24.55 ±0.26 vs. 34.88±0.97 g/dl) were decreased significantly from the base values of healthy goats. It was concluded that ruminal acidosis induced due to accidental heavy ingestion of readily fermentable carbohydrate rich grains and food waste significantly altered the haematological profile concurrent with clinical manifestations in goats, and hence can be used to assess the severity of the disease.

A new simpler approach to measure the strength of toe plantar flexion requiring no mechanical restraint with a light-weight device

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110029
Author(s):  
Yuko Komuro ◽  
Yuji Ohta
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ankle Joints ◽  
The Mean

Conventionally, the strength of toe plantar flexion (STPF) is measured in a seated position, in which not only the target toe joints but also the knee and particularly ankle joints, are usually restrained. We have developed an approach for the measurement of STPF which does not involve restraint and considers the interactions of adjacent joints of the lower extremities. This study aimed to evaluate this new approach and comparing with the seated approach. A thin, light-weight, rigid plate was attached to the sole of the foot in order to immobilize the toe area. Participants were 13 healthy young women (mean age: 24 ± 4 years). For measurement of STPF with the new approach, participants were instructed to stand, raise the device-wearing leg slightly, plantar flex the ankle, and push the sensor sheet with the toes to exert STPF. The sensor sheet of the F-scan II system was inserted between the foot sole and the plate. For measurement with the seated approach, participants were instructed to sit and push the sensor with the toes. They were required to maintain the hip, knee, and ankle joints at 90°. The mean values of maximum STPF of the 13 participants obtained with each approach were compared. There was no significant difference in mean value of maximum STPF when the two approaches were compared (new: 59 ± 23 N, seated: 47 ± 33 N). The coefficient of variation of maximum STPF was smaller for data obtained with the new approach (new: 39%, seated: 70%). Our simple approach enables measurement of STPF without the need for the restraints that are required for the conventional seated approach. These results suggest that the new approach is a valid method for measurement of STPF.

scholarly journals Applying MRI Intensity Normalization on Non-Bone Tissues to Facilitate Pseudo-CT Synthesis from MRI

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 816
Author(s):  
Kuei-Yuan Hou ◽  
Hao-Yuan Lu ◽  
Ching-Ching Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Conversion Model ◽  
Ratio Image ◽  
Abdominal Mri ◽  
High Level ◽  
Intensity Normalization

This study aimed to facilitate pseudo-CT synthesis from MRI by normalizing MRI intensity of the same tissue type to a similar intensity level. MRI intensity normalization was conducted through dividing MRI by a shading map, which is a smoothed ratio image between MRI and a three-intensity mask. Regarding pseudo-CT synthesis from MRI, a conversion model based on a three-layer convolutional neural network was trained and validated. Before MRI intensity normalization, the mean value ± standard deviation of fat tissue in 0.35 T chest MRI was 297 ± 73 (coefficient of variation (CV) = 24.58%), which was 533 ± 91 (CV = 17.07%) in 1.5 T abdominal MRI. The corresponding results were 149 ± 32 (CV = 21.48%) and 148 ± 28 (CV = 18.92%) after intensity normalization. With regards to pseudo-CT synthesis from MRI, the differences in mean values between pseudo-CT and real CT were 3, 15, and 12 HU for soft tissue, fat, and lung/air in 0.35 T chest imaging, respectively, while the corresponding results were 3, 14, and 15 HU in 1.5 T abdominal imaging. Overall, the proposed workflow is reliable in pseudo-CT synthesis from MRI and is more practicable in clinical routine practice compared with deep learning methods, which demand a high level of resources for building a conversion model.

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