Plasma levels of 17-OH-progesterone and testosterone in patients with varicoceles

1983 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Andò ◽  
C. Giacchetto ◽  
G. Colpi ◽  
M. L. Panno ◽  
E. Beraldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Testosterone Biosynthesis ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Testicular Steroids

Abstract. In order to study Leydig cell function in patients with varicoceles, we determined plasma levels of the most important testicular steroids, 17-OH-progesterone (17-OH-P) and testosterone (T) in the basal condition and after hCG stimulation. There was a significant inverse linear correlation between age, plasma testosterone, and 17-OH-P (n = 65, r = 0.316, P = 0.01, n = 48, r = 0.532, P = 0.01). This was in contrast to the absence of such correlations in normal men in the same age range. Following hCG stimulation in 16 patients the 17-OH-P/T ratio was significantly increased with respect to normal controls. No correlation was been observed between sperm count and age in varicocele patients. Analysis of variance of 17-OH-P plasma levels between the patients with a sperm count less than 10 million/ml and that of more than 10 million/ml did not reveal any significant difference. These results suggest that the deleterious effects of varicocele on seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells are unrelated. Moreover the increased 17-OH-P/T ratio after hCG stimulation suggests that some enzymatic impairment involving the last steps of testosterone biosynthesis exists in patients with varicoceles. This is evident in middle aged varicocele patients with a premature decrease of plasma levels of testosterone.

scholarly journals The Effect of Eurycoma longifolia on Sperm Quality of Male Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit-Lam Chan ◽  
Bin-Seng Low ◽  
Chin-Hoe Teh ◽  
Prashanta K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Plasma Testosterone Level ◽  
Etoac Fraction

The present study investigated the effects of a standardized methanol extract of E. longifolia Jack containing the major quassinoid constituents of 13α(21)-epoxyeurycomanone (1), eurycomanone (2), 13α,21-dihydroeurycomanone (3) and eurycomanol (4) on the epididymal spermatozoa profile of normal and Andrographis paniculata induced infertile rats. The standardized MeOH extract at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, the EtOAc fraction (70 mg/kg), and standardized MeOH extract at 200 mg/kg co-administered with the EtOAc fraction of A. paniculata at 70 mg/kg were each given orally to male Sprague-Dawley albino rats for 48 consecutive days. The spermatozoa count, morphology, motility, plasma testosterone level and Leydig cell count of the animals were statistically analyzed by ANOVA with a post-hoc Tukey HSD test. The results showed that the sperm count of rats given the standardized MeOH extract alone at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg were increased by 78.9, 94.3 and 99.2 %, respectively when compared with that of control (p < 0.01). The low count, poor motility and abnormal morphology of the spermatozoa induced by the A. paniculata fraction were significantly reversed by the standardized MeOH extract of E. longifolia (p < 0.001). The plasma testosterone level of the rats treated with the standardized MeOH extract at 200 mg/kg was significantly increased (p < 0.01) when compared with that of the control and infertile animals. The spermatocytes in the seminiferous tubules and the Leydig cells appeared normal. Testosterone level was significantly higher in the testes (p < 0.01) than in the plasma after 30 days of oral treatment with the standardized MeOH extract. Interestingly, eurycomanone (2) alone was detected in the rat testis homogenates by HPLC-UV and confirmed by LC/MS, and may have contributed towards the improvement of sperm quality. Thus, the plant may potentially be suitable for the management of male infertility.

Incomplete Testicular Feminization Syndrome: Studies of 17β-Oestradiol-Binding Activity and Aromatase Activity in Cultured Genital Fibroblasts Showing Impaired Dihydrotestosterone-Binding

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Imai ◽  
Tsukasa Ohno ◽  
Miki Nakagawa ◽  
Miho Sawairi ◽  
Teruhiko Tamaya
Keyword(s):  
Binding Activity ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Testicular Feminization ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Testicular Steroids ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 17β-oestradiol binding, and aromatase activity were measured in cultured genital skin fibroblasts from two siblings with the incomplete testicular feminization syndrome. Whole-cell and nuclear DHT binding in the cells from both patients were reduced to 80% and 60%, respectively of those in a normal male subject. The nuclear oestradiol binding was not impaired in the fibroblasts from the patients whose plasma oestradiol was normal or a little elevated. Although gonadectomy led to a decrease in plasma testosterone concentration, the concentration of testosterone-binding globulin showed no change suggesting no apparent effect on testosterone-binding globulin synthesis by testicular steroids. There was no significant difference in aromatase activity of the fibroblasts between the patients and the normal male subjects. The relatively increased oestrogen concentration in the syndrome might result from oestrogen production in testes, but is unlikely to be from peripheral tissues such as fibroblasts. This is the first report to examine oestradiol binding and aromatase activity in the cells from the incomplete testicular feminization associated with impaired DHT binding. These findings may give new insight into the pathogenesis of abnormal male sexual differentiation in the patients with testicular feminization syndrome.

scholarly journals Evaluation of endocrine testing of Leydig cell function using extractive and recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin and different doses of recombinant human LH in normal men

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Cailleux-Bounacer ◽  
Yves Reznik ◽  
Bruno Cauliez ◽  
Jean François Menard ◽  
Céline Duparc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Plasma Estradiol ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Leydig Cell Function

BackgroundThe functional testing of endocrine testis uses extractive human chorionic gonadotropin (ehCG). Recombinant human hCG (rhCG), avoiding any contamination, should replace ehCG. Moreover, a functional evaluation with recombinant human LH (rhLH) would be closer to physiology than a pharmacological testing with hCG.MethodsThe study was conducted in normal men. We first evaluated the dose–effect of ehCG on plasma testosterone and estradiol levels, before and after injection of either hCG or vehicle. Secondly, the responses to the optimal dose of ehCG were compared with those of rhCG. Thirdly, we investigated the dose–effect of rhLH, on steroid hormone secretion. LH, testosterone, and estradiol plasma levels were measured after the injection of either rhLH or placebo.ResultsehCG induced dose-dependent increases in plasma estradiol and testosterone levels. They respectively peaked at 24 and 72 h after the injection. The most potent dose of ehCG (5000 IU) induced results similar to those observed with 250 μg (6500 IU) rhCG. By comparison with placebo, rhLH induced a significant and dose-dependent increase in plasma testosterone levels 4 h after the injection. Peak response of testosterone to rhLH and rhCG was significantly correlated. rhLH did not induce significant change in plasma estradiol level.ConclusionsIn normal men, a single i.v. injection of 150 IU rhLH induces a 25% rise in plasma testosterone levels by comparison with placebo. At the moment, the dynamic evaluation using hCG remains the gold standard test to explore the Leydig cell function. The use of 250 μg rhCG avoiding any contamination should be recommended.

scholarly journals Sulforaphane response on aluminum-induced oxidative stress, alterations in sperm characterization and testicular histomorphometry in Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Ogunlade ◽  
Sunday Adelakun ◽  
Kingsley Iteire
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Aluminum Trichloride

Background: The exposure of male individual to environmental toxicant is regarded as a channel that results in reduced sperm counts and infertility. Objective: This study investigated the ameliorative response of Sulforaphane (SFN) on Aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 adult male Wistar rats (180-200 gm between 8-10 wk) were divided into four groups (n = 8/each). Group A) received distilled water orally as placebo; Group B) received 100 mg/kgbw AlCl3 only orally; Group C) received 100 mg/kgbw AlCl3 and 100 mg/kgbw SFN orally; and Group D) received 100 mg/kgbw SFN only orally. After 28 days of experiment, animals underwent cervical dislocation, blood serum was obtained for analysis, and testes were harvested for biochemical assays, histology, hormonal profile, and sperm characterization. Results: The sperm parameters showed a significant difference within the AlCl3 only group compared with the control and SFN only groups (p = 0.02). However, AlCl3 and SFN co-treatment showed improvement in the motility, viability, and sperm count compared with the AlCl3 only group (p = 0.02). Furthermore, there was a significant decline in the levels of hormones profile and antioxidant status in AlCl3 only group compared to the control and SFN only (p = 0.02). The testicular histoarchitecture of the AlCl3 only group showed shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, spermatogenesis disruption, and empty lumen compared to the control and SFN only groups. Conclusion: The present study revealed the ameliorative response of SFN on AlCl3-induced testicular toxicity on serum hormone profiles, antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and histomorphometric analysis through oxidative stress. Key words: Sulforaphane, Aluminum trichloride, Oxidative stress, Testis, Histology.

Perinatal exposure to a low dose of bisphenol-A advances pubertal spermatogenesis of F1 adolescent male rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinyang Bai ◽  
Fang Xiong ◽  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Lishuang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Perinatal Exposure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background To investigate the impact of perinatal exposure to a low dose of bisphenol A (BPA) on spermatogenesis in male rats and the underlying mechanism. Methods Female rats were injected subcutaneously with 2 µg BPA/kg/day from gestation day 10 through lactation day 7. The spermatogenesis and expression of key regulatory genes in the testes as well as the central modulators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis were determined in male offspring on postnatal day 18, 21, and 24 (PND18, 21, and 24). Results 1) Perinatal BPA exposure led to an increase in the weight of body and testis in PND21-24 male offspring. The seminiferous tubular diameter and the number of round spermatids were significantly increased in PND21 BPA-rats, while the volumes of the Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and spermatocytes were not significantly altered. 2) Compared to the control rats, the expression levels of key meiotic regulators such as cyclinA1, c-jun and c-fos in the seminiferous tubules were significantly elevated in PND21 BPA-rats. 3) The plasma levels of FSH and LH (PND21 and PND24) as well as the frequency of pulsatile LH secretion (PND21) were significantly increased in BPA-rats, although the plasma levels of testosterone and estrogen showed no significant difference between the two groups. 4) In comparison with control rats, the levels of GnRH mRNA in the preoptic area (POA) and kiss1 mRNA in arcuate nucleus (ARC) were significantly increased in the BPA-rats, whereas the level of ERα mRNA in ARC was decreased, although the number of GnRH-positive cells and ARC kisspeptin-positive cells were unchanged. Interestingly, neither the number of kisspeptin-positive cells nor the level of kiss1 mRNA in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) showed a difference between the two groups. Conclusion Perinatal exposed to a low dose of BPA leads to an increased meiosis of spermatocytes and promotes the spermatogenesis in male offspring, most likely through activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

Effects of pomegranate peel extract on histopathology, testosterone levels and sperm of testicular torsion–detorsion induced in adult Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandana Beigi Boroujeni ◽  
Said Saied Shahrokhi ◽  
Mahdi Birjandi ◽  
Abolfazl Abbaszadeh ◽  
Fatemeh Beyranvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Pomegranate Peel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽  
Peel Extract

AbstractBackgroundIn the present study, effects of pomegranate peel extract have been evaluated on decreasing the damage induced by testis torsion.MethodsIn this study, 30 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of control, experimental (1) and experimental (2). Control: no ischemia, received vehicle alone, exposed to sham operation. Experimental (1): Received the vehicle alone during ischemia followed by 60 days’ reperfusion. Experimental (2): After performing ischemia reperfusion, 500 mg/kg of pomegranate peel extract has been used for 60 days. Blood samples and sperm samples were collected. Testes were harvested and stained with haematoxylin and eosin to study the structure of seminiferous tubules.ResultsThe statistical comparison between sperm count and their viability and testosterone hormone amount showed a significant difference between control and experimental (1) groups and control and experimental (2) groups. The results showed an improvement of morphological condition of seminiferous tubules.ConclusionsPomegranate peel extract has revealed desirable changes on the effective parameters in infertility.

scholarly journals The effect of chronic treatment with GH on gonadal function in men with isolated GH deficiency

1999 ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Carani ◽  
AR Granata ◽  
M De Rosa ◽  
C Garau ◽  
S Zarrilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Study Entry ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference

Eleven adult males, previously submitted to neurosurgery because of a pituitary lesion (three with craniopharyngioma, three with clinically non-functioning adenoma and five with macroprolactinoma) were treated with recombinant GH for 12 months after the diagnosis of GH deficiency was made. Circulating FSH, LH, prolactin, testosterone, 17 beta-estradiol (E2), dehyroepiandrosterone (DHEA-S), androstenedione. 17-OH-progesterone (17OHP), IFG-I, and steroid hormone-binding protein (SHBG) levels were assayed before and after CG test at study entry and 6 and 12 months after GH treatment. A significant increase in plasma IGF-I levels was obtained after 6 and 12 months of GH treatment. In addition, CG-stimulated, but not baseline, testosterone levels showed a significant increase after 6 and 12 months of GH treatment when compared with study entry (9.6 +/- 0.5 and 9.9 +/- 0.5 vs 7.9 +/- 0.5 ng/ml; P < 0.05). Baseline, but not CG-stimulated, serum 17OHP levels were significantly increased only after 12 months of GH treatment (1.7 +/- 0.1 vs 1.4 +/- 0.1 ng/ml; P < 0.05). No significant difference was found as far as both basal and CG-stimulated E2, androstenedione, DHEA-S and SHBG were concerned. With regards to the semen analysis, only seminal plasma volume was significantly increased after 12 months of GH treatment (2.9 +/- 0.3 vs 1.7 +/- 0.3 ml; P < 0.05). No significant change in sperm count, motility and abnormal forms was observed. These data show that GH treatment displays a clear-cut effect upon Leydig cell function and increases the production of seminal plasma volume in fertile adult males with isolated GH deficiency.

THE EFFECT OF MESTEROLONE ADMINISTRATION TO NORMAL MEN ON THE PITUITARY-TESTICULAR FUNCTION

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aakvaag ◽  
S. B. Strømme
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Plasma Testosterone Level ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Men

ABSTRACT Mesterolone (1α-methyl-5α-dihydrotestosterone) has been given to 10 normal men, age 24–27 years, and the effect on the plasma levels of ICSH, FSH and testosterone has been studied. No effect on the plasma levels of ICSH and FSH could be detected. After 4 weeks on 75 mg mesterolone per day a significant (P < 0.01) drop in the mean value for plasma testosterone level was observed, 5.2 to 4.0 ng/ml. After another 4 weeks on 150 mg mesterolone per day a further decrease to 3.5 ng/ml was found. During mesterolone administration the protein binding of testosterone in plasma was significantly reduced, and it appeared that the level of free (non-protein bound) testosterone in diluted plasma remained unchanged, 0.37 and 0.41 ng/ml, before and after mesterolone administration respectively. The results suggest that mesterolone given in doses of 75 and 150 mg/day to normal men does not suppress the pituitary ICSH production or the testicular testosterone production.

Influence of adrenalectomy on maturation of gonadotrophin function in the male rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lescoat ◽  
D. Lescoat ◽  
D. H. Garnier
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Plasma Testosterone Level ◽  
Hormonal Balance ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Intact Rats

The effects were studied of adrenalectomy performed at 25 days of age on the maturation of LH function and the testes during puberty (i.e. 30–50 days of age) in the male rat. In intact rats the plasma LH level increased and then decreased and the plasma testosterone level increased progressively. In adrenalectomized rats the plasma levels of LH and testosterone did not vary significantly over the same period of time. Adrenalectomy decreased the plasma levels of LH and testosterone. The different perturbations in hormonal balance induced a decrease in the size of the seminiferous tubules and a delay in spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Damage to the Testicular Structure of Rats by Acute Oral Exposure of Cadmium

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6038
Author(s):  
Tariq Iqbal ◽  
Maosheng Cao ◽  
Zijiao Zhao ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most important heavy metal toxicants, used throughout the world at the industrial level. It affects humans through environmental and occupational exposure and animals through the environment. The most severe effects of oral exposure to Cd on the male reproductive system, particularly spermatogenesis, have not been discussed. In this study, we observed the damage to the testes and heritable DNA caused by oral exposure to Cd. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups: a control group and three groups treated with 5, 10, and 15 mg Cd/kg/day for 17 days by oral gavage. Our results revealed that Cd significantly decreases weight gain in 10 and 15 mg/kg groups, whereas the 5 mg/kg groups showed no difference in weight gain. The histopathology showed adverse structural effects on the rat testis by significantly reducing the thickness of the tunica albuginea, the diameter of the tubular lumen, and the interstitial space among seminiferous tubules and increasing the height of the epithelium and the diameter of the seminiferous tubules in Cd treated groups. Comet assay in epididymal sperms demonstrated a significant difference in the lengths of the head and comet in all the 3 Cd treated groups, indicating damage in heritable DNA, although variations in daily sperm production were not significant. Only a slight decrease in sperm count was reported in Cd-treated groups as compared to the control group, whereas the tail length, percentage of DNA in head, and tail showed no significant difference in control and all the experimental groups. Overall, our findings indicate that Cd toxicity must be controlled using natural sources, such as herbal medicine or bioremediation, with non-edible plants, because it could considerably affect heritable DNA and induce damage to the reproductive system.

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