scholarly journals Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside on Salt Stress Tolerance of Tocopherol-Deficient Arabidopsis Thaliana Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiia Mosiichuk
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Change Level ◽  
Regulation Of Activity

In the present study, effects of exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide(•NO) donor, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in wild type and tocopheroldeficient lines vte1 and vte4 of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to 200 mM NaCl were studied. In wildtype plants, pretreatment with SNP did not change level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), but decreased the activities of dehydroascorbate reductase and guaiacol peroxidaseunder salt stress. In mutant line vte1, which lacks all forms of tocopherols, pretreatment with SNPreduced TBARS level and increases the activities of glutathione reductase and guaiacol peroxidaseunder salt stress. Ascorbate peroxidase activity decreased under salt stress conditions in bothmutant lines, pretreated with SNP. It can be concluded, that pretreatment with SNP couldattenuate salt-induced injuries in A. thaliana plants via up-regulation of activity of antioxidantenzymes and attenuate lipid peroxidation

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kurhalyuk ◽  
H. Tkachenko ◽  
K. Pałczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome In the present work we evaluated the effect of ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) syndrome on resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents and lipid peroxidation level in the blood from brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.). Results showed that lipid peroxidation increased in erythrocytes, as evidenced by high thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Compared to control group, the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents was significantly lower in UDN-positive fish. Besides, UDN increased the percent of hemolysated erythrocytes subjected to the hydrochloric acid, urea and hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that UDN led to an oxidative stress in erythrocytes able to induce enhanced lipid peroxidation level, as suggested by TBARS level and decrease of erythrocytes resistance to haemolytic agents.

Expression Analysis of 4-Hydroxynonenal Modified Proteins in Schizophrenia Brain; Relevance to Involvement in Redox Dysregulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobia Manzoor ◽  
Ayesha Khan ◽  
Beena Hasan ◽  
Shamim Mushtaq ◽  
Nikhat Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Protein Adducts ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Modified Proteins

Background: Oxidative damage contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Redox imbalance may lead to increased lipid peroxidation, which produces toxic aldehydes like 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) ultimately leading to oxidative stress. Conversely, implications of oxidative stress points towards an alteration in HNE-protein adducts and activities of enzymatic and antioxidant systems in schizophrenia. Objectives: Present study focuses on identification of HNE-protein adducts and its related molecular consequences in schizophrenia pathology due to oxidative stress, particularly lipid peroxidation. Material and Methods: Oxyblotting was performed on seven autopsied brain samples each from cortex and hippocampus region of schizophrenia patients and their respective normal healthy controls. Additionally, thiobarbituric acid substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activities associated with oxidative stress, were also estimated. Results: Obtained results indicates substantially higher levels of oxidative stress in schizophrenia patients than healthy control group represented by elevated expression of HNE-protein adducts. Interestingly, hippocampus region of schizophrenia brain shows increased HNE protein adducts compared to cortex. An increase in catalase activity (4.8876 ± 1.7123) whereas decrease in antioxidant GSH levels (0.213 ± 0.015µmol/ml) have been observed in SZ brain. Elevated TBARS level (0.3801 ± 0.0532ug/ml) were obtained in brain regions SZ patients compared with their controls that reflects an increased lipid peroxidation (LPO). Conclusion: Conclusion: We propose the role of HNE modified proteins possibly associated with the pathology of schizophrenia. Our data revealed increase lipid peroxidation as a consequence of increased TBARS production. Furthermore, altered cellular antioxidants pathways related to GSH and CAT also highlight the involvement of oxidative stress in schizophrenia pathology.

Sodium Nitroprusside-Mediated Modulation of Growth and Antioxidant Defense in the InVitro raised Plantlets of Peanut Genotypes

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Verma ◽  
C. P. Malik ◽  
V. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

ABSTRACT As a bioactive signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) is involved in multiple plant physiological responses. It regulates diverse biochemical processes in a concentration-dependent manner in plants. Different NO generators viz. sodium nitroprusside (SNP), S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillinamine (SNAP) and S-nitroso-L-glutathione (GSNO) have been reported, but SNP is the most widely used and effective NO donor. Research was conducted to investigate the in vitro effects of an NO donor, SNP, on biochemical and physiological characteristics such as multiple shoots, chlorophyll content, and enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and others in Arachis hypogaea genotypes (M-13 and PBS24030). In vitro impact of SNP on shoot multiplication potential and chlorophyll content increase upto 100 µM SNP alone in peanut cultivars (M-13 and PBS24030). Rhizogenesis was noticed in the presence of SNP alone. Treatment with SNP and 6-Benzyl adenine (BA) was effective in enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activities, total soluble carbohydrates and proteins as compared to SNP alone in for both cultivars. These data indicate that in vitro establishment of peanut cultivars in the presence of SNP alone and in combination with BA will affect various growth promontory physiological and biochemical parameters. A more complete understanding of plant growth regulator (PGR) mediated responses will be instrumental in designing effective strategies for engineering crops for biotic and abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF NITRIC OXIDE ON SOME ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES UNDER SALT STRESS IN SUNFLOWER PLANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
Fusun Yurekli ◽  
Oguz A. Kirecci ◽  
Ilknur Celik
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
Leaf Tissues

The effects of externally applied sodium nitroprusside on superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzyme activities, nitric oxide (NO) levels have investigated in salt stress resistant and sensitive sunflower plants. NaCl treatments and SNP treatments simultaneous with salt application (NaCl + SNP) were performed. SOD, GPx, APX and CAT antioxidant enzyme activities and NO levels, showed differences in leaf tissues treated with 100 µM SNP, different concentrations of NaCl, and NaCl + SNP. SOD, GPx and APX enzyme activities were generally increased in sensitive variety but decreased in tolerant variety. However, while generally increase in CAT enzyme activity was determined in tolerant type, a reduction was established in sensitive type. An increase was determined in both types in NO levels. It is evident from these results that administration of NO donor SNP can cope with reactive oxygen species in both varieties. This study indicates that the negative effects of salt stress on different sun flower varieties can be recovered by nitric oxide.

scholarly journals The effect of nitrogen monoxide donors on the indexes of cadmium-induced oxidative stress in different rat tissues

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Cadmium Ions ◽  
Cadmium Salt

Oxidative stress is considered to be the main mechanism of cadmium ions toxic effect on the cells and is caused by cadmium, as a non-transition metal, indirectly. Oxidative damage to cells due to the action of cadmium ions is tissue-specific and is associated with the antioxidant system inhibition, free heme accumulation and essential metals substitution in metalloproteins. Nitrogen monoxide (NO) exhibits high affinity for heme and proteins and peptides sulfhydryl groups, known to be the main molecular targets for cadmium ions. Taking all the above-mentioned into account, the aim of this work was to study the effect of NO radicals donors on the prooxidant-antioxidant state of mammalian tissues under oxidative stress caused by cadmium chloride administration in vivo. Male Wistar rats weighing 160–200 g were used in the study. CdCl2 was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 14 mg/kg body weight. The direct donor of the NO radical sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 1 mg/kg mass) and the substrate of the NO synthase reaction L-arginine (600 mg/kg mass) were administered intraperitoneally. In order to study the corrective action, donors of the NO radical were injected 0.5 h before the cadmium salt. The objects of investigation were blood plasma and liver, kidneys and spleen homogenates of rats. The cadmium chloride treatment caused a number of prooxidant-antioxidant balance disorders, most of which were revealed a day after injection. The accumulation of lipid peroxidation products was found in rat serum, liver, and spleen. The enhancement of prooxidant processes in these tissues may originate from cadmium ions and hemolysis products entry. In the antioxidant system, significant changes were observed under cadmium action only in the liver: an increase in the reduced glutathione content and SOD activity and a decrease in catalase activity. The precursor of nitric oxide L-arginine did not change the basal level of prooxidant-antioxidant parameters, and in most cases did not affect their dynamics in the organs studied after cadmium chloride administration. A direct NO donor, sodium nitroprusside, acted in liver and spleen mostly as a prooxidant. In liver, the injection of only nitroprusside, as well as the combined administration of SNP and CdCl2, led to free radical processes activation just in two hours. In spleen, the combined treatment by SNP and cadmium salt also caused an earlier development of oxidative stress, as witnessed by an increase in lipid hydroperoxides level and a decrease in reduced glutathione content. Therefore, the injection of a direct NO donor, sodium nitroprusside, and a substrate of NO synthase, L-arginine, in selected doses has insignificant corrective action on cadmium-induced oxidative stress in the liver, kidneys and spleen. However, in blood both donors of NO effectively prevented the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products under CdCl2 treatment; in addition, L-arginine significantly reduced the lactate dehydrogenase release, which may indicate blood cells and blood vessels protection from the damage caused by cadmium ions.

scholarly journals α-Tocopherol Protects the Heart, Muscles, and Testes from Lipid Peroxidation in Growing Male Rats Subjected to Physical Efforts

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Górnicka ◽  
Anna Ciecierska ◽  
Jadwiga Hamulka ◽  
Małgorzata E. Drywień ◽  
Joanna Frackiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration

The effect of α-tocopherol supplementation on adaptation to training is still equivocal. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of training and α-tocopherol supplementation on α-tocopherol and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration in the rat liver, heart, muscles, and testes. Male Wistar rats (n=32) were divided into four groups (nonsupplemented, not trained—C; nonsupplemented, trained—CT; supplemented, not trained—E; supplemented and trained—ET). During the 14-day experimental period, 2 mg/d of vitamin E as α-tocopherol acetate was administered to the animals (groups E and ET). Rats in the training group (CT and ET) were subjected to 15 minutes of treadmill running each day. The α-tocopherol levels in rat tissues were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lipid peroxides were determined by TBARS spectrophotometric method. α-Tocopherol had a significant impact on α-tocopherol concentration in all tissues. Training increased the α-tocopherol concentration in the heart and muscles but reduced it in the liver. Training also caused increased lipid peroxidation in the muscles, heart, and testes; but a higher α-tocopherol content in tissues reduced the TBARS level. The main finding of the study is that impaired α-tocopherol status and its adequate intake is needed to maintain optimal status to prevent damage to the skeletal and cardiac muscles as well as the testes in growing individuals.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Alleviates the Inhibition of Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Cynanchum bungei Decne (Asclepiadaceae)

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Water Control ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Shoot Height

As a rare, endemic, important, and salt-sensitive medicinal plant species in China, Cynanchum bungei Decne seeds were treated to germinate with distilled water (control) or NaCl solutions in the presence or absence of nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) to investigate the effects of exogenous NO on seed germination, seedling growth, and antioxidant enzyme activities under salt stress. Sixty mm NaCl significantly inhibited the germination and seedling growth of C. bungei. Exogenous SNP alleviated salt stress in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by accelerating the seed germination, increasing germination index (GI), vigor index (VI), germination velocity (GV), shoot height (SH), taproot length (TL), shoot biomass (SB), root biomass (RB) as well as shortening mean germination time (MGT), and 0.1 mm SNP was the optimal concentration. SNP at 0.1 mm greatly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) under salt stress, which contributed to alleviate the oxidative stress induced by salt stress in C. bungei seeds. It is concluded that NO treatment is an effective practice to improve C. bungei seed germination under saline condition.

scholarly journals Polyphenols from Berries ofAronia melanocarpaReduce the Plasma Lipid Peroxidation Induced by Ziprasidone

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dietrich-Muszalska ◽  
Justyna Kopka ◽  
Bogdan Kontek
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Plasma Lipid Peroxidation

Background. Oxidative stress in schizophrenia may be caused partially by the treatment of patients with antipsychotics. The aim of the study was to establish the effects of polyphenol compounds derived from berries ofAronia melanocarpa(Aronox) on the plasma lipid peroxidation induced by ziprasidonein vitro.Methods. Lipid peroxidation was measured by the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS). The samples of plasma from healthy subjects were incubated with ziprasidone (40 ng/ml; 139 ng/ml; and 250 ng/ml) alone and with Aronox (5 ug/ml; 50 ug/ml).Results. We observed a statistically significant increase of TBARS level after incubation of plasma with ziprasidone (40 ng/ml; 139 ng/ml; and 250 ng/ml) (after 24 h incubation:P=7.0× 10−4,P=1.6× 10−3, andP=2.7× 10−3, resp.) and Aronox lipid peroxidation caused by ziprasidone was significantly reduced. After 24-hour incubation of plasma with ziprasidone (40 ng/ml; 139 ng/ml; and 250 ng/ml) in the presence of 50 ug/ml Aronox, the level of TBARS was significantly decreased:P=6.5× 10−8,P=7.0× 10−6, andP=3.0× 10−5, respectively.Conclusion. Aronox causes a distinct reduction of lipid peroxidation induced by ziprasidone.

scholarly journals Maintenance of quality of Dalbergia nigra Vell. all. ex. Benth seeds during storage by sodium nitroprusside

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauciana da Mata Ataíde ◽  
Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e Borges ◽  
Andressa Vasconcelos Flores ◽  
Renato Vinícius Oliveira Castro
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Dalbergia Nigra ◽  
Cold Chamber

Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a compound that participates in vegetable physiologic processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, on the physiologic and biochemical responses of Dalbergia nigra (bahia rosewood) seeds under storage in different environmental conditions. Seeds recently collected were stored in cold chamber (5 ºC and 60% relative humidity, RH) or in two desiccators at 20 ºC: 55 and 93% RH for four months. Every month of storage seed samples were taken and imbibed in SNP solution at 10-4M concentration for 48 hours or in water. The germination percentage, electric conductivity, lipid peroxidation and catalase enzyme activity were evaluated. Seeds of bahia rosewood stored in cold chamber at 55% RH maintained physiologic quality, while seeds imbibed in SNP reduced the membrane permeability, decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing catalase activity. Seeds kept under 93% RH deteriorated quickly, and SNP was not efficient in revert the seed degradation. It was concluded that nitric oxide maintain the quality of seeds stored in cold chamber and at 20 ºC and 55% RH, by maintaining membrane integrity and stimulating catalase activity.

Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation products in heart tissue of subacute and subchronic formaldehyde-exposed rats: a preliminary study

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukaddes Güleç ◽  
Ahmet Songur ◽  
Semsettin Sahin ◽  
Oguz A Ozen ◽  
Mustafa Sarsilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sod Activity

Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the oxidant/antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in the heart of rats exposed to formaldehyde (FA) inhalation for four weeks (subacute) or 13 weeks (subchronic) continuously. Methods and results: Sixty Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups randomly (ten in each group). The first and second groups were used as subacute and subchronic control groups. FA gas was generated from paraformaldehyde and pumped to a closed glass chamber. Rats were exposed to atmosphere containing 10 and 20 ppm FA (8 h/day, five days per week) during a four and 13 weeks period. After heart tissues were obtained and homogenized, thiobarbituric acid-reactant substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, were measured. There were statistically significant findings in SOD and CAT activities in the study groups compared to the control group. Heart tissue SOD level was increased in the group exposed to subacute 10 and 20 ppm FA inhalation compared to the control group (P≤0.011 and ≤0.0001). In addition, heart tissue SOD level was increased in the group exposed to subchronic 10 and 20 ppm FA inhalation compared to the corresponding control group (P≤0.001). On the other hand, there were statistically significant decreases in CAT activity in subacute 10 and 20 ppm groups compared to the corresponding control group (P≤0.012 and ≤0.039, respectively). Although not significant, TBARS levels were increased in both subacute 10 ppm (P=0.100) and subchronic 20 ppm (P=0.053) groups compared to their corresponding control groups. Tissue NO levels were unchanged upon FA inhalation. In the correlation analyses, a meaningful relationship between SOD and CAT activities in subchronic 10 ppm group (r=-0.685, P≤0.029); SOD activity and TBARS level in subchronic 20 ppm group (r=-0.675, P≤0.032); and CAT activity and NO level in subchronic 20 ppm group (r=-0.810, P≤0.005) were found. Conclusion: From the findings of our study, it can be interpreted that subacute and subchronic FA inhalation may stimulate oxidative stress and thus, some secondary toxic effects in cardiac cells and tissue. This increase in the oxidative stress could not induce lipid peroxidation in the membranous structure of cardiac cells. An increased SOD enzyme activity was thought to be secondary to decreased CAT activity, as a compensation mechanism, preventing heart tissue from destruction induced by FA.

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