scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Alleviates the Inhibition of Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Cynanchum bungei Decne (Asclepiadaceae)

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Water Control ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Shoot Height

As a rare, endemic, important, and salt-sensitive medicinal plant species in China, Cynanchum bungei Decne seeds were treated to germinate with distilled water (control) or NaCl solutions in the presence or absence of nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) to investigate the effects of exogenous NO on seed germination, seedling growth, and antioxidant enzyme activities under salt stress. Sixty mm NaCl significantly inhibited the germination and seedling growth of C. bungei. Exogenous SNP alleviated salt stress in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by accelerating the seed germination, increasing germination index (GI), vigor index (VI), germination velocity (GV), shoot height (SH), taproot length (TL), shoot biomass (SB), root biomass (RB) as well as shortening mean germination time (MGT), and 0.1 mm SNP was the optimal concentration. SNP at 0.1 mm greatly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) under salt stress, which contributed to alleviate the oxidative stress induced by salt stress in C. bungei seeds. It is concluded that NO treatment is an effective practice to improve C. bungei seed germination under saline condition.

Action of nitric oxide on the physiological potential and biochemical mechanisms of pea seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Coelho Sekita ◽  
Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias ◽  
Daniel Teixeira Pinheiro ◽  
Aparecida Leonir da Silva ◽  
Antônio César Batista Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Water Control ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Germination Vigor ◽  
Pea Seed

Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) can act in biochemical pathways of the germination process; however, there is little information about how it acts on the performance of pea seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and biochemical effects of NO on pea seed germination and vigor. Pea seeds cv. Itapuã 600 obtained from three seed lots with different levels of physiological quality were sown in a substrate moistened with water (control) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) solution, a NO donor (50 μM), to assess germination, vigor, activity of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and amylase activity. NO application does not alter pea seed germination, but it increases vigor. It is more effective in seeds with lower physiological potential. In addition, NO leads to reduction in oxidative stress, favors the translocation of reserves to the embryo, and has potential for use in the treatment of pea seeds to increase seed vigor.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF NITRIC OXIDE ON SOME ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES UNDER SALT STRESS IN SUNFLOWER PLANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
Fusun Yurekli ◽  
Oguz A. Kirecci ◽  
Ilknur Celik
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
Leaf Tissues

The effects of externally applied sodium nitroprusside on superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzyme activities, nitric oxide (NO) levels have investigated in salt stress resistant and sensitive sunflower plants. NaCl treatments and SNP treatments simultaneous with salt application (NaCl + SNP) were performed. SOD, GPx, APX and CAT antioxidant enzyme activities and NO levels, showed differences in leaf tissues treated with 100 µM SNP, different concentrations of NaCl, and NaCl + SNP. SOD, GPx and APX enzyme activities were generally increased in sensitive variety but decreased in tolerant variety. However, while generally increase in CAT enzyme activity was determined in tolerant type, a reduction was established in sensitive type. An increase was determined in both types in NO levels. It is evident from these results that administration of NO donor SNP can cope with reactive oxygen species in both varieties. This study indicates that the negative effects of salt stress on different sun flower varieties can be recovered by nitric oxide.

scholarly journals Ethylene Enhances Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Under Salinity by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Promoting Chlorophyll Content via ETR2 Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Pengfei Diao ◽  
Lingqi Kong ◽  
Ruonan Yu ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Alfalfa Seeds

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage, and salinity is a major stress factor on its yield. In this study, we show that osmotic stress retards alfalfa seedling growth, while ionic/oxidative stress reduces its seed germination. Ethylene treatment can recover the germination rate of alfalfa seeds under salt stress, while ethylene inhibitor silver thiosulfate exacerbates salt effects. ETH reduces the accumulation of MDA and H2O2 and increases POD activity. ETH and ACC improve the salt tolerance of alfalfa by increasing proline content under salt stress. In contrast, STS inhibits alfalfa seed germination by reducing POD activity. NaCl treatment reduces chlorophyll content in alfalfa leaves, while ETH and ACC can increase the chlorophyll content and promote seedling growth. ETH promotes the growth of alfalfa in saline condition by reducing the expression of MsACO and MsERF8 genes, while increases its germination rate by upregulating MsERF11 gene. Silencing of MsETR2, a putative ethylene receptor gene in alfalfa, abolishes ethylene triggered tolerance to salt stress. In summary, we show that ethylene improves salt tolerance in alfalfa via MsETR2 dependent manner, and we also analyze the regulatory mechanism of ethylene during germination of alfalfa seeds under salt stress.

scholarly journals Seed Priming Improves Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Isatis indigotica Fort. under Salt Stress

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Xu-Wen Jiang ◽  
Cheng-Ran Zhang ◽  
Wei-Hua Wang ◽  
Guang-Hai Xu ◽  
Hai-Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Isatis Indigotica ◽  
Germination Characteristics

The effects of CaCl2, GA3, and H2O2 priming on Isatis indigotica Fort. seed germination characteristics, seedling growth parameters, and antioxidant enzyme activities under salt stress were investigated. NaCl had an adverse effect on the germination and seedling performance of I. indigotica. However, these three priming agents alleviated salt stress by increasing the germination percentage, improving seed vigor, accelerating germination velocity, and establishing strong seedlings. The optimal concentrations were 15 g/L for CaCl2, 0.2 g/L for GA3, and 40 mm for H2O2. Seed priming treatments enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in seedlings, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), under a salt environment, which reduced the oxidative injury caused by salt. Seed priming is a promising technique that can enhance the ability of I. indigotica seed germination when salt is present.

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous silicon on maize seed germination and seedling growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yankun Sun ◽  
Jiaqi Xu ◽  
Xiangyang Miao ◽  
Xuesong Lin ◽  
Wanzhen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

AbstractAs the global population continues to increase, global food production needs to double by 2050 to meet the demand. Given the current status of the not expansion of cultivated land area, agronomic seedlings are complete, well-formed and strong, which is the basis of high crop yields. The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of seed germination and seedling growth in response to silicon (from water-soluble Si fertilizer). The effects of Si on the maize germination, seedling growth, chlorophyll contents, osmoprotectant contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, non-enzymatic antioxidant contents and stomatal characteristics were studied by soaking Xianyu 335 in solutions of different concentrations of Si (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g·L−1). In this study, Si treatments significantly increased the seed germination and per-plant dry weight of seedlings (P < 0.05), and the optimal concentration was 15 g·L−1. As a result of the Si treatment of the seeds, the chlorophyll content, osmotic material accumulation and antioxidant defence system activity increased, reducing membrane system damage, reactive oxygen species contents, and stomatal aperture. The results suggested that 15 g·L−1 Si significantly stimulated seed germination and promoted the growth of maize seedlings, laying a solid foundation for subsequent maize growth.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase augments injury elicited by oxidative stress in rat cardiac myocytes

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (1) ◽  
pp. C245-C252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junsuke Igarashi ◽  
Masashi Nishida ◽  
Shiro Hoshida ◽  
Nobushige Yamashita ◽  
Hiroaki Kosaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
No Production ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Gpx Activity

The effects of nitric oxide (NO) produced by cardiac inducible NO synthase (iNOS) on myocardial injury after oxidative stress were examined. Interleukin-1β induced cultured rat neonatal cardiac myocytes to express iNOS. After induction of iNOS,l-arginine enhanced NO production in a concentration-dependent manner. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in myocytes was attenuated by elevated iNOS activity and by an NO donor, S-nitroso- N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP). Although NO production by iNOS did not induce myocardial injury, NO augmented release of lactate dehydrogenase from myocyte cultures after addition of H2O2(0.1 mM, 1 h). Inhibition of iNOS with Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester ameliorated the effects of NO-enhancing treatments on myocardial injury and GPX activity. SNAP augmented the myocardial injury induced by H2O2. Inhibition of GPX activity with antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide for GPX mRNA increased myocardial injury by H2O2. Results suggest that the induction of cardiac iNOS promotes myocardial injury due to oxidative stress via inactivation of the intrinsic antioxidant enzyme, GPX.

scholarly journals Effects of nitric oxide treatment on flavour compounds and antioxidant enzyme activities of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) during storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Peiyu Zhang ◽  
Haoyue Sun ◽  
Ting Fang ◽  
Yaoyao Zhao ◽  
Yuquan Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Button Mushroom ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Flavour Compounds ◽  
Button Mushrooms ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Abstract Button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is sold well for its unique flavour and nutritional benefits. However, the mushroom flavour deteriorates quickly during storage because of its delicate structure and high moisture. In this study, the effects of nitric oxide (NO) application on flavour compounds and antioxidant enzyme activities of stored button mushrooms were investigated. The button mushrooms were immersed in the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (15 μmol/L) for 3 min and then stored under the condition of 4 °C, 90% relative humidity for 12 days. Results showed that the treated mushrooms have reduced weight loss rate, uniform white colour, and higher firmness during storage. Compared to the control, the ketones, alcohols, esters, and aldehydes in the NO-treated button mushroom increased sharply at 3 days of storage and then showed a continuing decline trend, except ester compounds which reached the peak value at 6 days of storage. In addition, NO treatment increased the total phenolics and catalase activity and inhibited the polyphenol oxidase activity in the stored button mushroom. These results indicated that NO treatment is an alternative storage technology to enhance antioxidant capacity and maintain flavour and consumer acceptance of stored button mushroom.

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