scholarly journals Development of Thermal Detector Based on Flexible Film Thermoelectric Module

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
O.B. Kostyuk ◽  
B.S. Dzundza ◽  
Ya.S. Yavorsky ◽  
Z.M. Dashevsky
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Flash Evaporation ◽  
Thermoelectric Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Detector ◽  
Flexible Film ◽  
Noise Limit ◽  
High Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Nyquist Noise

Thermal detectors find a significant niche in the market of modern sensors. Bi2T3 and PbTe semiconductors are effective thermoelectrics and excellent candidates for different applications. In the present work, a technology for fabrication of p-Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 and n-PbTe films with the high thermoelectric efficiency on thin flexible polyimide substrate has been developed. The preparation of films was performed by flash evaporation method. The high sensitivity of the devices is due to the high Seebeck coefficient of 200 mV/K and reduction of thermal conductivity of thin thermoelectric film from the bulk value. The devices operate in the Johnson-Nyquist noise limit of the thermocouple. The performance enables fast and sensitive detection of low levels of thermal power and infrared radiation at room temperature.

Micromechanical IR thermal detector using torsional oscillation: Improvement of resonator profile for high sensitivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4S) ◽  
pp. 04DE07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghyeon Jeong ◽  
Shinya Kumagai ◽  
Ichiro Yamashita ◽  
Yukiharu Uraoka ◽  
Minoru Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Torsional Oscillation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Thermal Detector

The Integrated Heat Storage Flash Boiler (HSFB): Review, Principles, Design and Testing

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam Lior ◽  
Albert Girbal-Puig
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Driving Pressure ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Flash Evaporation ◽  
Discharge Performance ◽  
Choked Flow ◽  
Steady State Operation

Systems that store heat in a liquid that can generate vapor for various applications by flash evaporation, sometimes known as steam accumulators, are a relatively simple way for integrated heat storage and vapor/steam generation. Applications include buffering of the transient heat supply and demand in conventionally-fuelled boilers, locomotives and steam power generation systems and more recently in solar thermal power. The information available about this type of heat storage was mostly about steady state operation with little attention to the flash evaporation aspects. In this paper we describe the state of the art and a well-instrumented facility for the experimental study of a variant of such systems, the Heat Storage Flash Boiler that includes a 19.28 m3 storage/flash tank, which was developed by us for experimental examination of its storage and discharge performance for temperatures between 65 °C and 120 °C and pressures from 0.5 to 2 bars (50–200 kPa).. The applicability of such a facility as a generator of steam for feeding a turbine or other purposes has been demonstrated. Flashing has been induced at water temperatures between 80 °C and 100 °C. At 97 °C, the average flow rates obtained ranged between 14 kg/hr for a driving pressure drop of Δpf = 3.2 cm Hg (4.266 kPa), and 390 kg/hr for Δpf = 5.1 cm Hg (6.799 kPa). Specific attention was paid to key issues including the flash evaporation phenomenon, conditions for choked flow of the steam and for mist entrainment, and need and ways for the storage water deaeration. Detailed results for the experimental runs, and the mass flow generation rate of water evaporated was well-correlated to the driving pressure drop for flashing, Δpf. The experiments have provided useful information about the associated heat storage issues and flash steam generation phenomena. Basic considerations and methods for the design of integrated thermal storage/steam generation systems, the Heat Storage Flash Boilers are presented.

Reaching the quantum noise limit in a high-sensitivity cold-atom inertial sensor

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. S136-S142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Yver-Leduc ◽  
Patrick Cheinet ◽  
J r me Fils ◽  
Andr  Clairon ◽  
No l Dimarcq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Noise ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Cold Atom ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Noise Limit

Enhancement of Thermoelectric Figure of Merit of Bi2Te3 Using Carbon Dots

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah Celik ◽  
Cagri Oztan ◽  
Yiqun Zhou ◽  
Roger LeBlanc ◽  
Oguz Genc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Thermoelectric Efficiency ◽  
Energy Harvesters

Thermoelectric (TE) energy harvesters are multi-material solid-state devices that convert heat (i.e. a thermal gradient) directly into electric potential. Currently, the biggest challenge limiting the applications of thermoelectric devices is the low conversion efficiency (< 10%). To achieve higher thermoelectric efficiency, electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric materials must be maximized allowing the flow of charge carriers and thermal conductivity must be minimized keeping high temperature gradient between hot and cold sides. These properties are strongly coupled to each other. In other words, improving one property deteriorates the other. In nanoscale however, manipulation of matter at the atomic level can decouple these properties. Nanoengineering is therefore considered to be the only remedy for the low conversion efficiency of thermoelectric materials. Current nanomanipulation techniques focus only on reducing thermal conductivity by scattering heat carrying phonons with nanoscale artifacts. We have observed that doping thermoelectric material with carbon quantum dots (size < 5 nm) tremendously increased electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power. In the control experiments using carbon powder (same chemical arrangement but larger scale, < 100 nm), we did not observe any increase in thermal power density evidencing the nanomanipulation of material properties using carbon quantum dots. Doping thermoelectric materials with carbon quantum dots has high potential due to the quantum enhancement effects on electrical properties of and needs to be further investigated for the design of novel nanocomposite materials with superior thermoelectrical properties.

scholarly journals Quantum Enhanced Optical Measurements: From Ultra-High Sensitivity in Absorption Measurements to Ghost Microscopy

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Elena Losero ◽  
Ivano Ruo-Berchera ◽  
Alessio Avella ◽  
Alice Meda ◽  
Marco Genovese
Keyword(s):  
Shot Noise ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Imaging Protocols ◽  
Noise Limit ◽  
Physical Quantities ◽  
Absorption Measurements ◽  
Shot Noise Limit

Quantum enhanced optical measurement protocols aim at reducing the uncertainty in the estimation of some physical quantities of a system below the shot-noise limit, classically unavoidable. In particular when small number of photons is used the shot noise can be the main source of uncertainty, in these cases the use of quantum light is of great interest. Note that there are several situations where the number of photons in the probe can not be increased arbitrarily, as when fragile biological samples are under investigation. Two different imaging protocols are discussed in the following.

Numerical Investigations on Thermoelectric Recovery of SiC Ceramics for Supersonic Vehicles Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1949-1952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yi Han ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Hai Feng Cheng ◽  
Xin Xing
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Thermoelectric Efficiency ◽  
Sic Ceramics ◽  
Sic Ceramic ◽  
Supersonic Vehicles ◽  
A Current

The thermoelectric SiC structural materials for supersonic vehicles can convert intense aerodynamic heat to electricity simply by temperature difference. A general model of nose tip is developed to predict the thermal-electrical energy con-version performance of the thermoelectric SiC materials. The temperature distributions of model was obtained by solving the Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations and the heat conduction equation. The largest temperature difference between the hot side and cold side of the hypothetical thermoelectric module is about 275 K. With the thermoelectric properties assumed constant in the presence of temperature gradient, the output power and thermoelectric efficiency of the model are calculated. The maximum of thermoelectric efficiency and output power of the model are 0.4×10-3W and 1.6×10-4%, respectively, at a current of 0.014 A. The thermoelectric performance of the model shows great potential for the application of SiC ceramic structures to thermoelectric generation from aerodynamic heat on supersonic vehicles.

scholarly journals Method for Predicting Thermoelectric Module Efficiency Using MATLAB/Simulink

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 829-837
Author(s):  
Nayoung Lee ◽  
Sungwook Ye ◽  
Rahman Jamil Ur ◽  
Jang-Yeul Tak ◽  
Jung Young Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Thermoelectric Efficiency ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Thermoelectric Modules ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Module Efficiency

Development new high-performance thermoelectric materials for more efficient power generation systems and eco-friendly refrigerating systems has been challenging. Over the past few decades, thermoelectric studies have been focused on increasing the thermoelectric properties of materials. However, for conventional applications, developing of thermoelectric devices or modules with lower cost and simpler fabrication processes is also important. Simulation models that can predict the thermoelectric efficiency of modules using the thermoelectric properties of materials are needed for this purpose. In this study, we developed a simple model for calculating the efficiency of thermoelectric modules using MATLAB/Simulink. In this model, the temperature difference between the hot source and heat sink was fixed to ensure the precise comparisons of thermoelectric efficiency. The electric resistivity and Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric materials was used in order to predict the efficiency of the thermoelectric modules. Then, the efficiency of the thermoelectric modules was verified using measured values which had been reported in prior experimental works. In this study, the simulated values were higher than the real thermoelectric effiency values. To address this, the simulations should consider the thermal resistance or electric contact resistance between the thermoelectric materials and electrodes.

scholarly journals Harvesting energy from sun, outer space, and soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanpei Tian ◽  
Xiaojie Liu ◽  
Fangqi Chen ◽  
Yi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Solar Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Peak Value

AbstractWhile solar power systems have offered a wide variety of electricity generation approaches including photovoltaics, solar thermal power systems, and solar thermoelectric generators, the ability to generate electricity at both the daytime and nighttime with no necessity of energy storage remains challenging. Here, we propose and verify an environment-friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective strategy of harvesting solar energy by solar heating during the daytime and harnessing the coldness of the outer space through radiative cooling to produce electricity at night using a commercial thermoelectric module. It enables electricity generation for 24 h a day. We experimentally demonstrate a peak power density of 37 mW/m$$^2$$ 2 at night and a peak value of 723 mW/m$$^2$$ 2 during the daytime. A theoretical model that accurately predicts the performance of the device is developed and validated. The feature of 24-h electricity generation shows great potential energy applications of off-grid and battery-free lighting and sensing.

scholarly journals THERMOELECTRIC SYSTEM FOR EXTRACTION OF FOREIGN OBJECTS FROM HUMAN BODY

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
O. V. Evdulov ◽  
S. G. Magomedova ◽  
I. Sh. Mispahov ◽  
N. A. Nabiyev ◽  
A. M. Nasrulaev
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
External Source ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
Cold Surface ◽  
Foreign Objects ◽  
Medical Standards

Objectives. The purpose of the article is to examine the design of the thermoelectric system (TPP) for the extraction of foreign objects from the human body by the method of freezing, as well as the simulation of heat transfer processes in it.Method. A design and a physical model of the system for the extraction of foreign objects from the human body are proposed, in which the source of cold is a thermoelectric module (TEM) placed on a special mechanical device made in the form of a probe, which also provides removal of heat from the hot junctions of the module. A mathematical model of thermal power plants was developed, implemented on the basis of solving the problem of ice layer growth using the method of solving the non-stationary Fourier differential equation, presented in partial derivatives by reducing it to an equation with full derivatives based on the use of an extended version of the Lame-Clapeyron substitution, and power series, which describes the temperature distribution in the frozen ice layer and satisfies the boundary conditions of the problem.Result. Data were obtained on the change in temperature of the extracted object and the thickness of the ice layer over time at various values of the cooling capacity of TEM. It is established that the duration of the formation of an ice layer between the object to be extracted and the cold surface of the TEM, which is the executive element of the system, is within narrow limits that meet medical standards, while the speed of the ice growth process depends on its thickness (increasing the cooling capacity of the TEM from 1000 to 3000 W / m2 reduces the duration of the formation of an ice layer, 2 mm thick, by almost 40 s, while the temperature of the extracted object decreases from 269 K to 252 K). It is indicated that the selection of geometric parameters of TEM and its power supply should focus on the limitations on the operation of the device, as well as medical norms and standards in order to avoid the process of frostbite of the adjacent tissues.Conclusion. A method is proposed for increasing the efficiency of the system, according to which the preliminary cooling of the TPP by an external source of cold is used, as well as the use of forced TEM operation modes.

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