Antibacterial, Antialgal and β-lactamase Inhibition Activity of Penicillium Purpurogenum var Rubrisclerotium

This study aims to find the treatment of diabetes using natural materials by exploring plants in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. his research was conducted out by extracting the Strychnos nitida G.Don stem using a method of maceration by ethanol 70%. Ethanol extract was then fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Simplicia from maceration and fractionation results were then tested for antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and identification of active compounds. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the lowest IC50 value of 86.83 μg / ml. Results of the α-glucosidase activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction and n-heksan fraction at 900 ppm had the highest percentage of inhibition of 34.23% and 33.89%. Identification using LCMS/MS method showed that ethyl acetate fraction consist of Benzenemethamine, N, N-dioctyl- as an antioxidantcompound and compound 24-methyl-5-cholestone-hexol as an antidiabetic compound. From the results of this study, we concluded that the extract of kayu ular Strychnos nitida G.Don stem has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme.

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Isolation and Identification of a Potent PTP1B Inhibitor, Ursolic Acid, from Carolina Jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) J.St.-Hil.)

Letters in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570178617666200409101248 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 939-943

Author(s):

Toshiro Noshita ◽

Yusuke Kakizoe ◽

Satoshi Tanabe ◽

Hidekazu Ouchi ◽

Akihiro Tai

Keyword(s):

Ursolic Acid ◽

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽

Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽

Active Agent ◽

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B ◽

Inhibiting Activity ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Gelsemium Sempervirens

Extracts of Carolina jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) J.St.-Hil.) petals were evaluated in vitro for inhibition activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). The principle active agent was also isolated from the extract and identified as ursolic acid (1). This is the first report of ursolic acid from G. sempervirens and of PTP1B-inhibiting activity in the genus Gelsemium.

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Evaluation of α-amylase Inhibition and Cytotoxic Activities of the Arachis hypogaea and Cinnamomum tamala

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401316999200728183434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Deedarul Hyder Sani ◽

Ali Newaz Munna ◽

Mohammad Salim ◽

Md. Jahangir Alam ◽

Md. Jahangir Alam

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Acetone Extract ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Inhibition Assay ◽

Peanut Seed ◽

Lc50 Value ◽

Cinnamomum Tamala ◽

Ic50 Value

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most occurring non-communicable disease resulting in a high blood glucose level. There has been an immense interest in the development of alternative medicines for diabetes treatment, specifically screening functional foods for phytochemicals with the capability of delaying or preventing glucose absorption through digestive enzymes (e.g. α-amylase) inhibition. So, the development of α-amylase inhibitors derived from natural food products is an alternative way to prevent diabetes mellitus Objective: In this study, organic solvent extracts of the Arachis hypogaea (Peanut) and Cinnamomum tamala (Indian bay leaf /Tejpata) were used to investigate their potential α-amylase inhibition and cytotoxic activities through α-amylase inhibition assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay respectively Method: The α-amylase inhibition assay was performed using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method for different concentrations of plant extracts. The optical density (OD) of the solutions were measured to determine the inhibition activity at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer. The cytotoxicity of the plant extracts was measured using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay Results: Among the different organic solvent extracts, peanut seed ethanol extract showed the highest α-amylase inhibition activity (67.68±8.67%) at 1.25 μg/mL concentration with an IC50 value of 0.61 μg/mL which is very close to standard α-amylase inhibitor Acarbose (72.34±4.23%) with an IC50 value of 0.32 μg/mL while acetone extract of Indian bay leaf exhibited the lowest inhibition activity (47.75±1.63%) with an IC50 value of 1.42 μg/mL at the same concentration. Besides, the maximum cytotoxic activity was found in acetone extract of peanut shell with an LC50 value of 57.87 μg/mL whereas ethanol extract of peanut seed showed the lowest cytotoxicity with an LC50 value of 413.90 μg/mL Conclusion: The result of the present work clearly indicates the potentiality of peanut seed ethanol extract to be used in the management of hyperglycemia as it significantly inhibits α-amylase activity while showing less cytotoxic activities

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Exhibition of novel photocatalytic activity and photoluminescence properties with high inhibition towards bacterial growth by hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods

Current Nanoscience ◽

10.2174/1573413716999200728175722 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Nihar Ranjan Panda ◽

Dojalisa Sahu

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Organic Dyes ◽

Zno Nanorods ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Crystallographic Structure ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Skin Bacteria ◽

High Inhibition

Background: Metal oxide nanomaterial such as; ZnO shows novel structural, optical, electrical and antibacterial properties due to wide band gap (3.37 eV) and high excitonic binding energy (60 meV). Probing these inherent properties of nanosized ZnO with different morphology has generated new interest among researchers Objective: To investigate the size dependent functional attributes, ZnO nanorods were prepared by hydrothermal method and the photocatalytic (PC) efficiency was studied. The photoluminescence (PL) property of ZnO nanorods was also studied by recording the emission spectrum under photo-excitation. These nanorods (NRs) were coated on cotton fabric to study the effectiveness of these NRs in defending and inhibiting the growth of different bacteria Methods: The crystallographic structure and morphology of the ZnO samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM) measurements. PL measurement at room temperature was undertaken by exciting the sample with light of wavelength 350 nm. The PC property of ZnO NRs was studied in degrading organic dyes like methylene blue. Bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were cultured and the inhibition of growth of these bacteria was studied by the application of ZnO. To enhance the microbe defence mechanism of fabric, we coated these NRs on fabric test samples and investigated the bacterial growth on it. Results: XRD and FESEM studies reveal the dimension of the synthesized products in nano range. These nanorods are of high density and surface roughness as per the FESEM study. PL measurement shows the presence of strong UV emission at 382 nm with defect emissions in the blue-green region opening up the path for ZnO to be used in fabrication of optoelectronic devices. PC study reveals that 89% degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye is achievable in 180 min using these ZnO catalysts. The anti-bacterial study shows that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZnO nanorods coated on the fabric against S. aureus is found to be 3.5 mg/ml which is the minimum as compared to E. coli (7.5 mg/ml) and B. subtilis (5.5 mg/ml). The study further enunciates that fabric coated with ZnO samples exhibited considerably high inhibition activity toward S. aureus. Conclusion: The study shows that ZnO NRs can be effectively used for fabrication of UV-LASER/LED. Photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO will be useful for degradation of organic dyes controlling environment pollution. It further enunciates that fabric coated with ZnO samples exhibited considerably high inhibition activity toward S. aureus (skin bacteria) which will be helpful in defending microbes if used in surgical cotton bandages

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Evaluation of Snake Venom’s PhospholipaseA2 Enzyme Inhibition Activity of Cyphostemma adenocoule

Current Chemical Biology ◽

10.2174/2212796814999200917114914 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 196-202

Author(s):

Atul Kaushik ◽

Teamrat S. Tesfai ◽

Daniel K. Barkh ◽

Furtuna K. Ghebremeskel ◽

Habtom G. Zerihun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Inhibition ◽

Snake Venom ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Snake Bites ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Background: A snake bite is fundamentally an injury often resulting in puncture wounds meted out by the animal's fangs and occasionally resulting in envenomation. Rate of snake bites around 5,400,000 bites per year leads to over 2,500,000 envenomings and around 125,000 fatal cases annually. Snake venom enzymes are rich in metalloproteinases, phospholipaseA2, proteinases, acetylcholinesterases and hyaluronidases. Objective: Cyphostemma adenocoule is traditionally being used for the treatment of snake bites in Eritrea. The present research was aimed at evaluating the snake venom enzyme inhibition activity of C. adenocoule against puff adder venom and developing a base for the traditional use of the plant against snakebites in Eritrea. Methods: The anti-venom activity of C. adenocoule was assessed in-vitro through phospholipaseA2 enzyme inhibition assay using egg yolk as a cell. The ethanol and chloroform extracts of C. adenocoule showed in vitro anti phospholipase A2 activity, whereas the water extracts of the plant showed no activity. Results: Among the extracts of C. adenocoule, the highest percentage of inhibition was obtained from chloroform extract (95.55% at 100mg/ml). The extract showed prominent activity at different concentrations (34.7% at10mg/ml, 48.8% at 20mg/ml, 54.8% at 40mg/ml, 60.9% at 60mg/ml, 80.5% at 80mg /ml). The ethanol extract also showed certain activity at various concentrations (25.22% at10mg/ml, 14.78% at 20mg/ml, 2.6% at40mg/ml). The activity of the chloroform extracts increases as concentration increases, whereas the activity of the ethanol extracts decreases as concentration increases. The aqueous extract of C. adenocoule did not show any activity at all concentrations. Conclusion: In this study, the chloroform and ethanol extracts of the plant inhibited the enzyme of interest and thus proved the efficacy of anti-snake venom activity of the plant.

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Cylindromicin from Arctic-Derived Fungus Tolypocladium sp. SCSIO 40433

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26041080 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1080

Author(s):

Imran Khan ◽

Jing Peng ◽

Zhuangjie Fang ◽

Wei Liu ◽

Wenjun Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Nuclear Overhauser Effect ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibition ◽

Bioactive Natural Products ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Overhauser Effect ◽

Spectroscopic Analyses ◽

Potential Resource ◽

Nuclear Overhauser

The fungus strain SCSIO 40433 was isolated from an Arctic-derived glacier sediment sample and characterized as Tolypocladium cylindrosporum. A new compound, cylindromicin (1), and seven known secondary metabolites (2–8) were isolated from this strain. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. Cylindromicin (1) featured a 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran skeleton. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was assigned via interpretation of key Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy (NOESY) correlations and Electronic Circular Dichroism (ECD) calculation. Cylindromicin (1) exhibited significant tyrosinase inhibition activity. This study highlights Polar fungi as a potential resource for new bioactive natural products.

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Phytochemical profile, enzyme inhibition activity and molecular docking analysis of Feijoa sellowiana O. Berg

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.1080/14756366.2021.1880397 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 618-626 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fatema R. Saber ◽

Rehab M. Ashour ◽

Ali M. El-Halawany ◽

Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally ◽

Gunes Ak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Docking ◽

Enzyme Inhibition ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Docking Analysis ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Molecular Docking Analysis

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Diterpenoid and phenolic contents of Sideritis hololeuca Boiss & Heldr. Apud Bentham with antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2019-0161 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (5-6) ◽

pp. 161-169

Author(s):

Sema Carikci ◽

Ahmet C. Goren ◽

Turgut Kilic

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Acetone Extract ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

Main Component ◽

Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibition

AbstractThe objective of this study is to determine essential oil, diterpenoid and phenolic contents of Sideritis hololeuca along with their biological activities. Phytol was found to be the main component of the essential oil. Seven known kaurane diterpenoids, siderol (140 mg, 0.16%, w/w), 7-acetoxy sideroxol (15 mg, 0.02%, w/w), eubol (6 mg, 0.01%, w/w), eubotriol (5 mg, 0.03%, w/w), 7-epicandicandiol (3 mg, 0.02%, w/w), ent-7α-acetoxy-18-hydroxykaur-16-ene (5 mg, 0.01%, w/w) and linearol [by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)] were determined from the species. Moreover, vanillin (21 mg, 0.10%, w/w), which was not isolated from any Sideritis species earlier, was isolated from an acetone extract of S. hololeuca. Quantitative amounts of some phenolic compounds in n-hexane, dichloromethane, acetone, methanol extracts and infusion and decoction of the plants were also investigated by LC-MS/MS. Antioxidant capacity and acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase inhibition effects of the species were evaluated. The extracts of methanol and infusion and decoction of species showed moderate butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity. The highest inhibition was observed from the decoction of species. The Cu2+ reducing power of infusion was determined as 1.435 mmol TR g−1.

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