scholarly journals Optimization of extraction of Chaenomeles lagenaria polysaccharide and its antibacterial activity

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 3394-3407
Author(s):  
Yahua Wu ◽  
Xinyue Yin ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Shiquan Qian
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Natural Preservative ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

A water-soluble polysaccharide from Chaenomeles lagenaria (CLWSP-1) was purified and structurally identified. Then, response surface methodology (RSM) was performed to optimize the hot water extraction (HWE) of CLWSP-1. In addition, the antibacterial activity of CLWSP-1 was also evaluated. The results indicated that the polysaccharide CLWSP-1 mainly contained galacturonic acid, arabinose, and galactose, and its molecular weight was 1.23 × 102 kDa. The optimal HWE for extraction of CLWSP-1 was a ratio of water to solid of 48.9 mL/g, temperature of 91 °C, and an extraction time of 114 min; an ethanol concentration of 81% and a 1.24% concentration of CLWSP-1 were achieved. Moreover, the obtained CLWSP-1 had strong antibacterial activity when exposed to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, suggesting that CLWSP-1 may potentially contribute to the development of a natural preservative in the food industry.

Characteristics of Films on the Surface of Sea Sand and Effects on the Dissolution of Chloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 326-336
Author(s):  
Fei Long Sun ◽  
Shuai Wu ◽  
Quan Jiang ◽  
Huo Cheng Chen ◽  
Hong Yan Guan
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
New Method ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Sea Sand

In this study, the effects of the specimen preparation method, temperature, and duration of the extraction step for the determination of the water-soluble chloride content of sea sand were investigated. The results demonstrated that increasing the heating temperature and duration promoted the dissolution of chloride, where the maximum value was obtained at 80°C and 60 min. Hot water extraction (80°C/60 min) could eliminate the effects of different specimen preparation methods on the final test results. Therefore, a new method was developed with drying at a temperature of 110 ± 5°C and hot water extraction at a temperature of 80°C for 60 min. The suitability of the new method for determining the water-soluble chloride content of sea sand was verified by testing the extracted specimens again. The results indicated that the chloride in sea sand dissolved fully with the new method, and thus it is suitable for testing the water-soluble chloride content of sea sand. Finally, the organic and inorganic compositions of the film adsorbed on the surface of sea sand were studied based on thermogravimetric analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, ion chromatography, and total organic carbon measurements. The results indicated that a layer of substance (a multi-substance film) was adsorbed onto the surface of sea sand. This layer comprised inorganic salts (such as Cl–, Na+, Mg2+, SO42–, and Ca2+) and organic compounds, which were related to the composition of sea water. The multi-substance film greatly affected the dissolution and diffusion of chloride in the sea sand. Hot water extraction accelerated the dissolution of the film and increased the test results in terms of the water-soluble chloride contents.

scholarly journals Beneficial Health Potential of Algerian Polysaccharides Extracted from Plantago ciliata Desf. (Septentrional Sahara) Leaves and Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4299
Author(s):  
Noura Addoun ◽  
Zakaria Boual ◽  
Cédric Delattre ◽  
Toufik Chouana ◽  
Christine Gardarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Today, an ethnobotanical approach makes sense for identifying new active bioactive chemicals from uses of indigenous plants. Two water-soluble enriched polysaccharide fractions (L-PSPN and S-PSPN) were extracted by hot water extraction from the leaves and seeds of Plantago ciliata Desf. (1798), a Mzab indigenous herb currently used in Algeria by traditional healers. Primary investigation was performed for describing the main structural features of these polysaccharides (pectin- and heteroxylan-like compositions) by using colorimetric assays, FTIR spectroscopy, HPAEC/PAD and GC/MS-EI analyses. Some biological activities were also monitored, such as anticomplement, anti-inflammatory (phagocytic ability, NOX2 and MPO inhibitions) and anti-diabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitions). L-PSPC seems able to moderately modulate innate immune system (IC50 around 100 µg/mL) and contribute to wound-healing processes (IC50 close to 217 vs. 443 µg/mL for sodium heparin). S-PSPC shows some potential as an anti-hyperglycemic (IC50 around 4.7 mg/mL) and anti-inflammatory (IC50 ranging from 111 to 203 µg/mL) agent, as well as other (fiber) psyllium-like polysaccharides extracted from Plantago species.

scholarly journals Polysaccharides study of three mushrooms growing in Mongolia

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Naranmandakh Sh ◽  
V V Golovchenko ◽  
О А Patova ◽  
Degiimaa T ◽  
Soninkhuu Sh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Average Molecular Mass ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Laetiporus Sulphureus ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide ◽  
Mushroom Sample

This study was aimed to analyze of polysaccharides from fruiting bodies of Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.ex.Fr.), Laetipo-rus sulphureus (Bull.ex.Fr.) and Inonotus obliquus (Pers.ex.Fr.) medicinal mushrooms, growing in Mongolia. As a result of “step by step” extraction method we have obtained 4 fractions of polysaccharide (water-soluble: HWE50 and HWE100; cold alkali-soluble CA; hot alkali-soluble HA) form the each mushroom sample. Polysaccharide fraction’s yields extracted by hot water from Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.ex.Fr.), Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.ex.Fr.) and Inonotus obliquus (Pers.ex.Fr.) were 3.68%, 8.82% and 12.84%. Yields of alkali-soluble polysaccharides were 18.64%, 68.03% and 28.75%, respectively, which results more than water fractions. The main monosaccharide composition in all polysaccharide fractions were glucose, and a content of glucose was varied 30%-100%. Therefore, they can be considered glucans. Water-soluble polysaccharide fractions contain fucose (until 12%), man-nose (until 18%) and galactose (until 30%). An average molecular mass of water-soluble polysaccharides were calculated Mw 100–150kDa or it can be considered a low, while an average molecular mass of alkali-soluble polysaccharides was a bit high 300–750кDа. All polysaccharides were heterogenic. Монгол орны гурван зүйл мөөгний полисахаридын судалгааны дүн Хураангуй: Монгол оронд ургадаг агил мөөг Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.ex.Fr.), туруудай мөөг Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.ex.Fr.) ба чага мөөг Inonotus obliquus (Pers.ex.Fr.) гэсэн гурван зүйлийн эмийн мөөгний полисахаридын найрлагыг судлав. Мөөгийг шат дараалан хандлах аргаар мөөг тус бүрээс 4 төрлийн полисахарид (усанд хандлагддаг: HWE50 ба HWE100; хүйтэн шүлтэнд хандлагддаг CA; халуун шүлтэнд хандлагддаг HA)-ыг ялган авав. Усанд хандлагддаг полисахаридуудын гарц агил Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.ex.Fr.), туруудай Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.ex.Fr.) ба чага Inonotus obliquus (Pers.ex.Fr.) мөөг бүрт тус тус 3.68%, 8.82% ба 12.84% байв. Харин шүлтэнд хандлагддаг полисахаридын гарц нь усанд хандлагддаг полисахаридтай харьцуулахад их буюу тус тус 18.64%, 68.03% ба 28.75% байв. Бүх полисахаридын хувьд үндсэн мономер нь глюкоз ба түүний агууламж 30%-100%-д хүрч байв. Иймд тэдгээр нь глюкан полисахаридууд болно. Мөн усанд хандлагддаг полисахаридуудын найрлаганд фукоз (12% хүртэл), манноз (18% хүртэл) галактоз (30% хүртэл) агуулагдаж байв. Усаар хандлагддаг глюканууд нь бага дундаж молекул масстай (Mw 100–150кДа) байсан бол натрийн гидроксидоор хандлагддаг глюкануудын молекул масс 300–750кДа харьцангуй их байв. Бүх глюкан нь гетероген чанартай байна. ЦСР-ын аргын дүнд ялган авсан полисахаридууд ойролцоо бүтэцтэй салбарласан хэлхээтэй [бета]- глюканууд болох нь батлагдав. Түлхүүр үгс: агил, туруудай, чага, полисахаридын бүтэц, дундаж молекулын масс

scholarly journals Extraction, Fractionation, and Chemical Characterisation of Fucoidans from the Brown Seaweed Sargassum pallidum

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 406-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Xin ◽  
Liu Bin ◽  
Wei Xiao-Lei ◽  
Sun Zhen-Liang ◽  
Wang Chang-Yun
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Fractional Precipitation ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Sargassum Pallidum

The fucoidans were obtained by extraction with water and gradient precipitation with different concentrations of ethanol. The main structural characterisations and bioactivities were achieved. Four fractions of water-soluble crude fucoidans with different molecular weights – SPC60, SPC70, SPH60, SPH70 – were extracted from S. pallidum collected from the Yellow Sea, China, using cold water and hot water extraction, and fractional precipitation with gradient concentrations of ethanol. Chemical analysis demonstrated that all of these fucoidan fractions consisted of fucose, rhamnose, xylose, mannose, glucose, and galactose with different monosaccharide mole ratios. Fractions SPC60, SPC70, and SPH70 showed moderate cytotoxic activity against P388 murine leukaemia cells. Fucoidan is a kind of bioactive polysaccharide from the brown algae. This study provides a fast and feasible method to obtain fucoidans from S. pallidum, which can be used as pharmaceutical material and functional food.

BIOREFINERY. Pressurised hot water extraction of acetylated xylan from birch sawdust

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Kilpeläinen ◽  
Kaisu Leppänen ◽  
Peter Spetz ◽  
Veikko Kitunen ◽  
Hannu Ilvesniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract Birch sawdust was extracted using pressurized hot water (PHW), with the ultimate aim of maximizing the yield of large and intact non-cellulosic heteropolysaccharides, i.e. hemicellulose molecules. The extractions were performed using a flow-through vessel. Effects of different extraction temperatures between 140 and 200°C were evaluated. The amount of extracted xylans, as weil as monosaccharides, increased as the temperature rose to 1 90°C, accordingly the degree of polymerization of the xylans decreased. The extracted xylans retained most of the native acetyl groups and were thereby water-soluble after the extraction. The PHW extract contained not only xylan and other hemicellulose-derived oligomers, but fragmented Iignin molecules and some extractives as well. Only trace amounts of furfurals were found in the extract at lower extraction temperatures. An optimal yield of water-soluble, polymeric xylans with the smallest amount of unwanted impurities and degradation products was thus achieved at an extraction temperature of 1 80°C using the flow-through vessel

AN ANALYSIS OF AVENA COLEOPTILE PECTIN FRACTIONS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1083-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. James Morré ◽  
Alfred C. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Cytoplasmic Fraction ◽  
Avena Coleoptile ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Stable Protein

Extraction and determination of pectic materials from growing plant tissues is often complicated by overlapping solubilities and lack of specificity of the pectin assay utilized. We find that the hot water soluble, hot versene soluble, and residual uronide components of Avena coleoptile cell wall represent at least three distinct pectin fractions with little or no overlap in solubility. In situations where hexose interference in colorimetric pectin determinations became appreciable, the polyanhydrogalacturonic acid content of the extract was determined by measurement of isolated galacturonic acid released through the specific action of polygalacturonase.A fourth fraction containing pectin-like materials was extracted from whole tissue in cold acetate buffer. This fraction was associated with heat-stable protein. No pectin identified as polyanhydrogalacturonic acid was found in the cytoplasmic fraction by the same techniques used for identifying pectin on cell wall derived fractions.

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