scholarly journals Biofumigation for the Control of Vegetables Soilborne Pathogens in Some non-Temperate Climate Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 140-152
Author(s):  
Mohamed Besri
Keyword(s):  
Montreal Protocol ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Ozone Depleting Substance ◽  
The Status ◽  
Soil Fumigants ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
Temperate Climate Zone

Soil-borne pathogens (SBPs) significantly reduce the yield and quality of crops worldwide. In the past, their control was principally accomplished by using soil fumigants such as methyl bromide (MB). However, this fumigant which is a powerful ozone-depleting substance, has completely been phased out under the Montreal Protocol (MP). New chemicals and non-chemical alternatives to MB, including biofumigation, have been actively researched, developed, and commercially adopted worldwide. This review seeks to provide the status of biofumigation for the control of SBPs in some non-temperate climate zones referred to in this paper as Article 5 countries or developing countries according to the Montreal Protocol (MP) classification. The review will first define “the non-temperate climate zone,” list the countries belonging to this zone, focus on the role and importance of the MP in phasing-out MB, and in searching and commercially adopting alternatives including biofumigation to this fumigant. It also describes the biofumigation techniques reported and used, reports its efficacy/inefficacy to manage SBPs in some non-climate temperate countries, insists on the place it must have in an IPM program to increase its efficacy, and finally, lists the collaboration and the research needed to further develop and commercially adopt this technology in non-temperate climate countries.

Introduction

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Peter Avery ◽  
Alexandra D’Arcy ◽  
Keren Rice
Keyword(s):  
World Englishes ◽  
Canadian English ◽  
The Past ◽  
English Usage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Oxford Dictionary ◽  
The Many ◽  
Quality Of Research

The past twenty-five years have seen an enormous growth in research into World Englishes, reflecting a new recognition of the status of the many national English dialects. Canadian English has been no exception to this trend and we have witnessed a dramatic increase in the quantity and quality of research into this variety. The stature it is now accorded as a separate dialect of English is reflected in the number of dictionaries, thesauruses, usage guides, and other reference works published since the late 1990s that were devoted specifically to Canadian English (e.g., Guide to Canadian English usage; Canadian Oxford dictionary; Oxford Canadian Dictionary; Collins essential Canadian English dictionary and thesaurus; Fitzhenry and Whiteside Canadian thesaurus) as well as audio-visual productions (e.g., Dialects of Canadian English; Talking Canadian).

scholarly journals The Effect of Potassium and Sulfur Fertilization on Seed Quality of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Barłóg ◽  
Witold Grzebisz ◽  
Remigiusz Łukowiak
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The Impact

Faba bean seeds are regarded as a highly valuable protein source for human and animal nutrition. High yield and quality of faba bean require adequate mineral nutrition. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of potassium (K) and elemental sulfur (S) on crude protein (CP) and tannin content (TC) in seeds, crude protein yield (CPY), and amino acid (AA) composition. Field trials were carried out during 2010–2013 in the temperate climate of Central Europe. The study assessed the influence of the following factors: variable soil K content and fertilization (K1, K2, K3, and K4) and elemental S application (0, 25, and 50 kg S ha−1). Plants were harvested at two growth stages to obtain immature seeds and mature seeds. K and S applications did not have a significant impact on CP and AA composition, including sulfur AA content. The TC decreased in response to increasing content of plant-available K in soil. In respect to CPY, the results indicate a positive response of faba bean to increasing K content in soil. The effect of S fertilization depended on the K treatment. The most beneficial influence of S on CPY was registered on K-poor soil.

PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS 1971

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 984-985
Author(s):  
R. J. McKay
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Child Health Care ◽  
Federal Grant ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status

Iwould like to begin this address with a summary of activities and accomplishments during the past year, which, in my opinion, are new or of particular significance for the Academy and its Fellows, and for the health and welfare of children. In doing so, many, if not most, of our organization's established activities and functions will be ignored, not because they are unimportant, but because you are all well acquainted with them and their value. Our Report on the Delivery of Health Care to Children has finally gone to the printer and will hopefully be in your hands by the end of the calendar year. Implementation of some of its recommendations is already under way, and plans are being made to implement the others. A policy and statement on national health insurance has been completed and issued after 3 years of intensive effort. While it satisfies neither the advocates of total socialization of medical care, nor the advocates of the status quo, I believe that it does represent a view of the majority of our membership that changes must be made, that we must maintain an ability to influence these changes, and that the changes must provide options, flexibility, appropriate incentives, and economic feasibility for both the consumer and the deliverer of health care. Under Academy leadership and sponsorship a Joint Committee on Quality Assurance of Child Health Care has been formed. Financed by a large federal grant, it will develop and test methods designed to assure the quality of child health care.

scholarly journals Changes in the background losses of woody plant foliage to insects during the past 60 years: are the predictions fulfilled?

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 20150480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Kozlov ◽  
Elena L. Zvereva
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plant Foliage ◽  
Ecological Patterns ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Temperate Climate Zone

The existing scenarios generally predict that herbivory will increase with climate warming. An analysis of the published data on the background foliar losses of woody plants to insects in natural ecosystems across the globe from 1952 to 2013 provided no support for this hypothesis. We detected no temporal trend in herbivory within the temperate climate zone and a significant decrease in herbivory in the tropics. From 1964 to 1990, herbivory in the tropics was 39% higher than in the temperate region, but these differences disappeared by the beginning of the 2000s. Thus, environmental changes have already disturbed one of the global ecological patterns—the decrease in herbivory with latitude—by affecting ecosystem processes differently in tropical and temperate climate zones.

scholarly journals Enhancing The Role of Business in Transferring Research Results into Agriculture: Case Study in Moc Chau District, Son La Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi Phuong Quy
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Status

In recent years, Vietnam’s agriculture has developed strongly thanks to the application of scientific and technological advances in production. Business is a key factor in attracting investment, expanding markets for agricultural products, and an important focal point for transferring research results into agriculture. Based on the assessment of the status of transferring research results into agriculture in Moc Chau district, Son La province over the past time, the paper proposes views and solutions to enhance the role of business in promoting the transfer of research results in local agriculture such as tax favors for business, linkages between business and researchers and enhance the quality of human resources.

scholarly journals Diabetes and quality of life: A theoretical perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 005-008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal Verma ◽  
Meenal Dadarwal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Aged People ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
High Level

AbstractWith changing time and lifestyle, general health of population has been drastically affected, and deteriorating quality of life. The transition from a traditional to modern lifestyle and consumption of diets rich in fat and calories combined with a high level of mental stress has compounded the problem further. Diabetes is one of the consequences of such a lifestyle change. Over the past 30 years, the status of diabetes has changed from being considered a mild disorder of the elderly to one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality affecting the youth and middle-aged people. This paper aims to present review of association between diabetes and quality of life as quality of life is considered to be one of the major factors affecting diabetes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Open Field and Foil Tunnel on Yield and Quality of the Common Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), in Organic Farming

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Olga Kosakowska ◽  
Zenon Węglarz ◽  
Katarzyna Bączek
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Yield And Quality

Common thyme (Thymus vulgaris L., Lamiaceae) is regarded as one of the most important aromatic plant used both as a spice and medicine. The aim of this work was to investigate the yield and quality of common thyme grown for a fresh herb, cultivated in the organic farming system, within the temperate climate in Poland. Two methods of cultivation were applied: open field and foil tunnel. Three successive cuts of herb were possible to obtain during vegetation season, from the middle of July until the end of September. The raw material was analyzed for the content of essential oil (by hydrodestillation), phenolic acids and flavonoids according to Polish pharmacopeia (PP 6th). The composition of essential oil was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sensory evaluation was carried out by quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) with a trained panelist. The yield of fresh herb was visibly higher when regards cultivation under foil tunnel in comparison to open field, reaching up to 6.74 kg FW × 10 m2. The content of essential oil as well as the percentage share of thymol (a dominant constituent, achieving up to 57.08%) decreased with consecutive herbal cuts. The opposite result was observed for phenolic compounds (phenolic acids and flavonoids). It was shown that the amount of flavonoids was similar in both variants of cultivation, while phenolic acids were accumulated at higher level in the open field conditions. Sensory analysis indicated on slight differences in odor and taste attributes, between samples of fresh herb collected from open field and foil tunnel.

scholarly journals The effect of increasing plant population on maize silage yield and quality

2003 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
R.J. Densley ◽  
R.J. Brenton-Rule ◽  
G.M. Austin ◽  
D.W. Densley ◽  
R. Tsimba
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Established Plant ◽  
Modern Maize

For the past decade maize silage has been planted at 100000 plants/ha in New Zealand. Modern maize silage hybrids have enhanced stress tolerance making them more adaptable to higher plant populations. This study examined the effect of a range of established plant populations (85000, 100000, 115000, 130000 and 145000 plants/ha) on the yield and quality of 12 Pioneer® brand maize silage hybrids grown at 13 locations over two seasons. As plant population increased maize silage dry matter (DM) yield increased significantly (P

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