scholarly journals N-3 and N-6 Fatty Acid Intakes and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Female Adults Population Using Data from the 2014-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Jin-A Kim ◽  
Sim-Yeol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
National Health ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Total N ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Employment Rates

Background: This study sought to investigate the association between n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intakes and depressive symptoms in Korean female adults.Methods: Subjects comprised 8,204 Korean female adults, aged over 19 years, who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2014-2018. Subjects were classified according to their Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores into a low depressive symptoms (LDS) group and a high depressive symptoms (HDS) group. Nutrient intake was evaluated using dietary data obtained through a one-day 24-hour recall.Results: Compared with the LDS group, the HDS group was associated with lower education levels, household incomes, and employment rates. The HDS group had lower intakes of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids than the LDS group. The highest quartile of adjusted total n-3 intakes had a decreased odds ratio of depressive symptoms (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35-0.90) in those aged 65 years over. The prevalence of depressive symptoms decreased in the highest quartile of adjusted arachidonic acid intake (95% CI, 0.33-0.93) in those aged 41-64 years. The n-6:n-3 ratio was not associated with depressive symptoms.Conclusions: From the results of this study, it was found that the intake of n-3 fatty acids and arachidonic acid were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. These findings can be used to aid the development of dietary guidelines for the improvement of public health.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maranda Thompson ◽  
Nicholas Hein ◽  
Corrine Hanson ◽  
Lynette Smith ◽  
Ann Anderson-Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Despite the importance of n-3 fatty acids for health, intakes remain below recommended levels. The objective of this study was to provide an updated assessment of fish and n-3 fatty acid intake (i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and EPA+DHA) in the United States using the 2003–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (n = 45,347)). Over this survey period, toddlers, children, and adolescents (aged 1–19) had significantly lower n-3 fatty acid intake (p < 0.001) compared to adults and seniors, which remained significant after adjusting for caloric intake. Females demonstrated lower n-3 fatty acid intake than males (p < 0.001), with adult and senior women having significantly lower intakes compared to men in the same age categories (p < 0.001) after adjustment for energy intake. Women also consumed less fish than men (5.8 versus 6.1 servings/month, p < 0.001). The estimated intakes of n-3 fatty acids in pregnant women did not differ from non-pregnant women (p = 0.6 for EPA+DHA), although pregnant women reported consuming less high n-3 fatty acid-containing fish than non-pregnant women (1.8 versus 2.6 servings/month, p < 0.001). Our findings indicate that subgroups of the population may be at higher risk of n-3 fatty acid intakes below recommended levels.

scholarly journals Changes in fatty acid levels (saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Carla Martín-Grau ◽  
Carmen Hernández-Martinez ◽  
Nuria Voltas ◽  
Josefa Canals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Total N

Abstract Background During pregnancy a high amount of fatty acids (FA) is necessary to meet foetus demands, which vary during gestation. The present study describes the changes in maternal fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy in a sample of pregnant women. Methods This is a longitudinal study of 479 pregnant women who were monitored from the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics were recorded and a serum sample was collected in each trimester. The fatty acid profile (saturated (SFA: total, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid), monounsaturated (MUFA: total, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA: total omega-6 (n-6), linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-3 (n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was analysed with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combination. Results From the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy, a significant increase in total SFA, total MUFA and total n-6 PUFA was found. (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the serum concentration of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and total n-3 PUFA decreased during gestation (p < 0.001). A statistically non-significant result was observed for the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) serum concentration between the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Significant correlations were observed between each total fatty acid concentrations of the first and third trimesters. Conclusion The circulating serum concentration of SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA increases during pregnancy, whereas essential fatty acids such as AA and EPA decrease, and DHA remains unchanged. Further research is necessary to understand the role played by FA throughout gestation.

Gender Differences in Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms in Patients with COPD: The 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Soo Choi ◽  
Se Hyun Kwak ◽  
San Lee ◽  
Eun Hye Lee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
National Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Low Bmi

Abstract Background: Although depression is a common comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the role of gender remains unexplored. We evaluated gender differences of risk factors of depressive symptoms in adults with COPD. Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study using data from the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Spirometry was used to identify patients with COPD, defined as a FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7. Presence of depressive symptoms was defined as a total score ≥5 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results: Overall, 17.8% of participants expressed depressive symptoms, with 13.1% being men and 29.6% being women. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that low BMI (adjusted OR, 2.62), female gender (adjusted OR, 3.48), living alone (adjusted OR, 1.75), currently smoking (adjusted OR, 2.52), and GOLD Stage III/IV (adjusted OR, 2.34) were significant risk factors for depressive symptoms. In a subgroup analysis, low BMI, low income, living alone, and multiple chronic disorders were risk factors of depressive symptoms in men, whereas low educational attainment, urban living, and currently smoking were risk factors in women.Conclusions: As risk factors of depressive symptoms in COPD patients vary according to gender, different approaches are needed to manage depression in men and women with COPD.

scholarly journals Response to important considerations when assessing the effect of essential fatty acids on cognitive performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Dong ◽  
Dongfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract In this letter, we respond to the comments raised by Visaria et al. in their letter to the editor about the publication “Association of dietary ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids intake with cognitive performance in older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014”. We have further adjusted for some key covariates as the authors mentioned in the letter and performed sensitivity analysis by excluding vegetarians considering the bioavailability of fatty acids from different sources. In conclusion, the results were basically consistent with our previous results, which showed that the results were stable and reliable. We hope that our study could be helpful in further studies delineating the various intricacies of fatty acid nutrition and metabolism and control for covariates.

scholarly journals Findings from What We Eat in America, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 support salad consumption as an effective strategy for improving adherence to dietary recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 976-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda S Sebastian ◽  
Cecilia Wilkinson Enns ◽  
Joseph D Goldman ◽  
M Katherine Hoy ◽  
Alanna J Moshfegh
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Study Results

AbstractObjectiveTo verify the previously untested assumption that eating more salad enhances vegetable intake and determine if salad consumption is in fact associated with higher vegetable intake and greater adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations.DesignIndividuals were classified as salad reporters or non-reporters based upon whether they consumed a salad composed primarily of raw vegetables on the intake day. Regression analyses were applied to calculate adjusted estimates of food group intakes and assess the likelihood of meeting Healthy US-Style Food Pattern recommendations by salad reporting status.SettingCross-sectional analysis of data collected in 2011–2014 in What We Eat in America, the dietary intake component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.ParticipantsUS adults (n 9678) aged ≥20 years (excluding pregnant and lactating women).ResultsOn the intake day, 23 % of adults ate salad. The proportion of individuals reporting salad varied by sex, age, race, income, education and smoking status (P&lt;0·001). Compared with non-reporters, salad reporters consumed significantly larger quantities of vegetables (total, dark green, red/orange and other), which translated into a two- to threefold greater likelihood of meeting recommendations for these food groups. More modest associations were observed between salad consumption and differences in intake and likelihood of meeting recommendations for protein foods (total and seafood), oils and refined grains.ConclusionsStudy results confirm the DGA message that incorporating more salads in the diet is one effective strategy (among others, such as eating more cooked vegetables) to augment vegetable consumption and adherence to dietary recommendations concerning vegetables.

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