scholarly journals Czech and Polish Linguistic Relations in the Vocabulary of Spiritual Culture (Past and Present)

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (27) ◽  
pp. 190-196
Author(s):  
Michal Luczynski
Keyword(s):  
The Third ◽  
South West ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
Transitional Group ◽  
Intermediary Role ◽  
Linguistic Relations ◽  
The Devil ◽  
Language Influence

This paper discusses the role of the Czech language in forming Polish vocabulary. The question is presented on the basis of one of the thematic groups of vocabulary, beliefs and religion, classified as Bohemianisms, including such words as Old Polish anioł, diabeł, and tatrman, as well as the Polish dialectal antyjasz, b’inek, cwerg, czechman, dias, fajermon, Fontana, hastrman, jaroszek, korfanty, kuźlak, mužík, Pustecki, raraszek, sotona, szatan, waserman, wiestnica and zazrak. The classification of Czech borrowings in Polish includes three groups. The main groups are: borrowings from Old Czech, borrowings from literary Czech from the 14th to the beginning of the 16th centuries, and borrowings from common Czech dialects (especially from a transitional group of dialects). The first and second group contains many international words (borrowings from Greek, Latin and German), while the third appear chiefly in the Polish dialects of Silesia and the Małopolska province. The author notes that the early Old Czech brought Latin borrowings from Christian terminology and demonological nomenclature. The 14th and 15th and also 20th centuries brought words related to witchcraft and traditional demonology, such as the names of wizards and witches, the devil, ghosts, etc. The author ascertains that, first of all, such loan names concern beings of the lowest demonic ranks and, in general euphemistic determination, present “evil ghosts.” Linguistic geographical analysis indicates that Czech loans of demoniac names occur mainly in the south-west and repeatedly exhibit a strictly regional (sometimes individual) character. The Czech language has also fulfilled an intermediary role in adapting borrowings from other languages (German, Greek and Latin); it has thus had a significant effect on modern disparity and Polish mythological vocabulary. This article aims at the ethnic and chronological classification of fragments of Slavic mythological vocabulary, and analyzes the problem of language influence between Czech and Polish.

scholarly journals Czech borrowings in the Old Belarusian and Old Ukrainian written languages

Movoznavstvo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-54
Author(s):  
H. V. Aleksiayevych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Main Channel ◽  
Song Of Songs ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Linguistic Relations ◽  
The Military ◽  
Language Influence

The article assesses the role of the Old Belarusian and the Old Ukrainian languages in the development of Czech-Eastern Slavonic linguistic relations in the 14th–18th centuries. There were both direct and indirect ways of Czech language influence on the Old Belarusian and the Old Ukrainian written languages. The 15th century saw favourable conditions for military-political alliance between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Bohemia. The emergence and development of these relations was accompanied by diplomatic activity: for instance, Grand Dukes Vitovt and Svidryhailo had correspondence in Latin and Old Czech with the Czech Hussites. Contacts in the military-political, socio-religious and cultural-educational spheres contributed to the development of Czech-East Slavic language ties. Translations of the Czech written texts into Old Belarusian and Old Ukrainian («The Life of Alexei the Man of God», «The Story of Apollo of Tyre», «Lucidarius», «The Song of Songs», «The Tale of Toadal», «The Tale of the Prophetess Sibylline», «The Trojan Story»), use of the Czech legal texts in writing Galicia-Volyn letters in the 14th and early 15th centuries. The use of Czech legal texts in Galicia-Volyn monuments (Norman Statute of 1438–1439, Statutes of 1529, 1566, 1588, Lithuanian Metric Acts) contributed to the direct penetration of Bohemianisms into the Old Belarusian and Old Ukrainian writing. Although there were channels through which Czech linguistic elements could be directly borrowed into Old-Belarusian and Old-Ukrainian, the main channel for their penetration was Polish. Through the Polish mediation Bohemian loanwords were borrowed from various lexical-semantic groups, mainly from religious, military, socio-political and economic, everyday life vocabulary. The similar conditions of borrowing of Bohemianisms in Old Belarusian and Old Ukrainian are obviously the main reason why Bohemianisms in both languages are close in number and chronology of written fixation. This similarity is especially noticeable against the background of Old Russian data, where bohemisms were recorded later and in smaller numbers

scholarly journals PENGUATAN PERAN TOUR GUIDE DALAM MEMASARKAN OBJEK WISATA DI KECAMATAN SILIAN RAYA DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaretha Nova Warokka ◽  
Radjab Djamali
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Tour Guide ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Third ◽  
South West ◽  
Community Economy ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism ◽  
To Come

The purpose of this research is to empowered the community, in this case Tour Guide in introducing tourism object in South West Minahasa Regency, especially Silian Raya District and to empowered them through their skill as a Marketing Agent in increasing tourists to come to this area, and the third, is to boost the community economy by participating in community businesses in tourism field, which are cooperated with BUNDES. This is due to no marketing strategy that suit to sell the tourism objects by the businessmen in Kecamatan Silian Raya Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. The previous marketing strategy through promotion that was implemented not well planned, takes some efforts and steps to synchronize, so the visitationsof tourist will increase.The method of this research used here is descriptive qualitative. Descriptive research is used to get the descriptions of role of Tour guide in increasing the tourist in Kecamatan Silian Raya, while to collect the data in this research are as follow, firstly, through interview to the businessmen, secondly, through observations, that is to observe directly about the existence of tourist in this district, thirdly through documentation which record all of the activity & the tourism objects.The outcome of this research is to put on an acreditate journal such as Hospitality and Tourism journal

scholarly journals Perception of Nigerian Dùndún Talking Drum Performances as Speech-Like vs. Music-Like: The Role of Familiarity and Acoustic Cues

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Durojaye ◽  
Lauren Fink ◽  
Tina Roeske ◽  
Melanie Wald-Fuhrmann ◽  
Pauline Larrouy-Maestri
Keyword(s):  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Human Voice ◽  
Professional Musician ◽  
South West ◽  
Linguistic Usage ◽  
Geographical Locations

It seems trivial to identify sound sequences as music or speech, particularly when the sequences come from different sound sources, such as an orchestra and a human voice. Can we also easily distinguish these categories when the sequence comes from the same sound source? On the basis of which acoustic features? We investigated these questions by examining listeners’ classification of sound sequences performed by an instrument intertwining both speech and music: the dùndún talking drum. The dùndún is commonly used in south-west Nigeria as a musical instrument but is also perfectly fit for linguistic usage in what has been described as speech surrogates in Africa. One hundred seven participants from diverse geographical locations (15 different mother tongues represented) took part in an online experiment. Fifty-one participants reported being familiar with the dùndún talking drum, 55% of those being speakers of Yorùbá. During the experiment, participants listened to 30 dùndún samples of about 7s long, performed either as music or Yorùbá speech surrogate (n = 15 each) by a professional musician, and were asked to classify each sample as music or speech-like. The classification task revealed the ability of the listeners to identify the samples as intended by the performer, particularly when they were familiar with the dùndún, though even unfamiliar participants performed above chance. A logistic regression predicting participants’ classification of the samples from several acoustic features confirmed the perceptual relevance of intensity, pitch, timbre, and timing measures and their interaction with listener familiarity. In all, this study provides empirical evidence supporting the discriminating role of acoustic features and the modulatory role of familiarity in teasing apart speech and music.

scholarly journals Cities in polarised socio-economics space of Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Perdał ◽  
Paweł Churski ◽  
Tomasz Herodowicz ◽  
Barbara Konecka-Szydłowska
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Cohesion Policy ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Three Stages

The process of socio-economic development is subject to changes resulting from the interaction of contemporary socio-economic megatrends which modify the influence of development factors and affect the polarisation of development in space. The measures to date, adopted as part of the cohesion policy and intended to decrease the differences, have not produced the desired results. This leads to the search for new solutions which include place-based intervention. Here a special role is played by the largest cities performing the function of development poles. They can positively affect the development of the surrounding area. The work aims to identify the importance of cities in terms of socio-economic inequalities in Poland. The analysis is carried out at the local level and covers the years 2004-2016. The research includes three stages. What is discussed in the first is the role of cities as development poles. The second presents an analysis and classification of spatial differences in the level and dynamics of the development of the largest cities. The third stage determines the influence of these cities on the surroundings.

scholarly journals Review on the Accelerated and Low-Temperature Polymerization of Benzoxazine Resins: Addition Polymerizable Sustainable Polymers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1260
Author(s):  
Bimlesh Lochab ◽  
Monisha Monisha ◽  
Nagarjuna Amarnath ◽  
Pratibha Sharma ◽  
Sourav Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Ring Opening Reactions ◽  
Evolution Of Structure ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Due to their outstanding and versatile properties, polybenzoxazines have quickly occupied a great niche of applications. Developing the ability to polymerize benzoxazine resin at lower temperatures than the current capability is essential in taking advantage of these exceptional properties and remains to be most challenging subject in the field. The current review is classified into several parts to achieve this goal. In this review, fundamentals on the synthesis and evolution of structure, which led to classification of PBz in different generations, are discussed. Classifications of PBzs are defined depending on building block as well as how structure is evolved and property obtained. Progress on the utility of biobased feedstocks from various bio-/waste-mass is also discussed and compared, wherever possible. The second part of review discusses the probable polymerization mechanism proposed for the ring-opening reactions. This is complementary to the third section, where the effect of catalysts/initiators has on triggering polymerization at low temperature is discussed extensively. The role of additional functionalities in influencing the temperature of polymerization is also discussed. There has been a shift in paradigm beyond the lowering of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) temperature and other areas of interest, such as adaptation of molecular functionality with simultaneous improvement of properties.

scholarly journals Ecological and Evolutionary Classification of Subterranean Organisms 

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C Culver ◽  
Tanja Pipan
Keyword(s):  
List Type ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Habitat Filtering ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
The Third ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
As Species ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
Source And Sink

Evolutionary processes, including natural selection, neutral mutation, and habitat filtering, act upon morphology and other aspects of their biology, as well as species composition itself, to produce the observed patterns or community structure and morphology. The context for these evolutionary processes (the ecological theater in G.E. Hutchinson’s phrase) are the subterranean habitats. We have a relatively rich vocabulary to describe habitats (e.g., MSS, epikarst, hypotelminorheic) and to describe the closeness of association of a particular species or population with these habitats (e.g. trogloxene, troglophile, and troglobiont). Trajano provides a bridging principle between the ecological theater and the evolutionary play with the concept of source and sink populations. What has been given much less attention is the morphological side, coined by Christiansen, that is the results of the evolutionary play. The word we have available is “troglomorphy”, which has been taken to mean loss of eyes and pigment, loss of eyes and pigment as well as increases in extra-optic sensory structures, any convergent change in any subterranean population. loss of eyes and pigment, loss of eyes and pigment as well as increases in extra-optic sensory structures, any convergent change in any subterranean population. Only regressive changes are included in the first meaning; both regressive and progressive changes are included in the second; and the third includes autamorphy as well as homoplasy. Typically, it is used for the suite of characters involved, rather than an individual character. We suggest that the term “troglomorphy” be restricted to convergent changes (in the sense of [2] above) in subterranean habitats, and that the phrase “cave-dependent”, also used by Christiansen, be used when considering only caves, and perhaps be joined by phrases such as “MSS-dependent”. Additionally, the phrases ‘cave-dependent”, “MSS-dependent”, etc. be used for individual characters.

ABOUT THE PROBLEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE CONCEPTS OF INFORMATICS STUDIED AT SECONDARY SCHOOL

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
S. I. Zenko
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Definition Of

The article raises the problem of classification of the concepts of computer science and informatics studied at secondary school. The efficiency of creation of techniques of training of pupils in these concepts depends on its solution. The author proposes to consider classifications of the concepts of school informatics from four positions: on the cross-subject basis, the content lines of the educational subject "Informatics", the logical and structural interrelations and interactions of the studied concepts, the etymology of foreign-language and translated words in the definition of the concepts of informatics. As a result of the first classification general and special concepts are allocated; the second classification — inter-content and intra-content concepts; the third classification — stable (steady), expanding, key and auxiliary concepts; the fourth classification — concepts-nouns, conceptsverbs, concepts-adjectives and concepts — combinations of parts of speech.

Raiders Activity on the Market for Corporate Control as a Product of Coercive Entrepreneurship Evolution

2007 ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
A. Kireev
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Control ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Market For Corporate Control ◽  
Basic Characteristics

The paper studies the problem of raiders activity on the market for corporate control. This activity is considered as a product of coercive entrepreneurship evolution. Their similarities and sharp distinctions are shown. The article presents the classification of raiders activity, discribes its basic characteristics and tendencies, defines the role of government in the process of its transformation.

A ‘Jurist-linguistic’ Reading of the wuḍūʾ Verse (Q. 5:6)

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 313-282
Author(s):  
ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Mūsā
Keyword(s):  
The Third

This article sheds light on the role of grammar in understanding legislative texts, with reference to the wuḍūʾ verse (Q. 5:6). The first section deals with the issue of washing the elbows along with the feet as part of ritual ablution, and lists the various interpretations of the preposition ilā in the aya, and discusses the grammatical theory used by different fuqahāʾ to support their arguments. The second section tackles how much of the head should be rubbed in ritual ablution, with regard to the use of the preposition bi- in the phrase bi-ruʾūsikum, while the third focuses on the two readings of the phrase arjulakum/arjulikum (‘your feet’) and on passing legislative judgement on whether the feet be washed or just rubbed. The study concludes that lugha and fiqh theory are of mutual importance and together help to clarify legislative judgements, and, on this basis, that jurists should not pass any legislative judgement without referring to language.

ASPECTS IN BUILDING A COMPANY WEB-SITE AND ITS ROLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS

2018 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Petar Halachev ◽  
Victoria Radeva ◽  
Albena Nikiforova ◽  
Miglena Veneva
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Web Site ◽  
The Internet ◽  
A Company ◽  
The Web ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
Made In ◽  
Site Types

This report is dedicated to the role of the web site as an important tool for presenting business on the Internet. Classification of site types has been made in terms of their application in the business and the types of structures in their construction. The Models of the Life Cycle for designing business websites are analyzed and are outlined their strengths and weaknesses. The stages in the design, construction, commissioning, and maintenance of a business website are distinguished and the activities and requirements of each stage are specified.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document