scholarly journals Architektūrinės ir istorinės Klaipėdos vizijų konkurencija: drąsūs sprendimai ar darnus išsaugojimas?

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-241
Author(s):  
Aldis Gedutis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Intense Debate ◽  
Architecture History

Santrauka. Svarstant aktualius miesto planavimo ir įvaizdžio klausimus bene daugiausia kontroversijų kelia dabarties ir praeities architektūriniai objektai. Šie objektai keisdami miesto veidą tuo pat metu koreguoja ir miesto praeitį. Architektūrinės priemonės praeitį gali pertvarkyti, atnaujinti, išsaugoti, naikinti ir t.t. Tokiu būdu architektų veikla patenka į istorikų akiratį. Straipsnyje remiamasi analitine architektūros istoriko Manfredo Tafuri schema, kurioje aiškiai atribojama architektų ir architektūros istorikų veikla. Jei architektai orientuojasi į veiksmą, praktiką, ateities viziją ir utopiją, tai istorikų veikla siejama su teorija, kritiškumu, praeitimi ir atmintimi. Tarp šių kraštutinių figūrų Tafuri įkomponuoja architektūros kritiką, kuris priklausomas tiek nuo architektūros (kaip tyrimo objekto), tiek nuo istorijos (kaip žinių). Tafuri schema nėra pilna – joje trūksta paveldosaugininko. Įtraukiant šį veikiantį asmenį gaunamas išbaigtas modelis, kurį jungia keturios kategorijos: teorija (istorikas ir kritikas), praktika (architektas ir paveldosaugininkas), praeitis (istorikas ir paveldosaugininkas) ir ateitis (architektas ir kritikas). Pakoreguota Tafuri schema taikoma analizuojant Klaipėdos mieste 1990–2010 vykusias sąveikas, diskusijas ir kontroversijas, atsižvelgiant į dvi dominuojančias miesto planavimo bei materialaus paveldo apsaugos vizijas – architektūrinę ir istorinę.Raktažodžiai: architektūra, istorija, konkurencija, Manfredo Tafuri, Klaipėda.Keywords: architecture, history, competition, Manfredo Tafuri, Klaipeda. ABSTRACTTHE COMPETITION BETWEEN ARCHITECTURAL AND HISTORICAL VISIONS OF KLAIPEDA: BRAVE DECISIONS VS. SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATIONThe issue of the relation of Klaipeda’s image to urban planning has been the subject of intense debate. Old and new buildings transforming Klaipeda’s image at once correct and adjust the city’s past: its past can for example be reshaped, renewed, preserved or destroyed by architectural means. Thus architecture becomes an object of historical interest. In this article the analytic scheme proposed by the architectural historian Manfredo Tafuri is employed. Importantly, Tafuri dissociates architects from architectural historians: the former is operative, utopian and future-oriented; the latter is critical, memorial and oriented to the past. Between the two extremes Tafuri places the figure of the architectural critic, who is dependent on both architecture (as an object) and history (as knowledge). Such a schema is however incomplete as Tafuri ignores the figure of the expert of heritage protection. In the expert of heritage protection Tafuri’s schema can be refigured around four categories: theory (historian and critic), practice (architect and expert of heritage protection), past (historian and expert of heritage protection) and future (architect and critic). This upgraded framework is applied to the case of Klaipeda city in order to describe recent encounters, controversies and conflicts between two predominant visions – architectural and historical – concerning city planning and the protection of material heritage.

Timing of Wound Excision

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Bacterial Burden ◽  
Wound Debridement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Wound Excision ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intense Debate

The aim of wound excision is to remove contaminating debris and all devitalised tissue. This should reduce both the bacterial burden and available substrate for microbial colonisation, resulting in fewer deep surgical site infections. In turn, this will lead to improved patient outcomes. The timing of wound excision has been the subject of intense debate. In the past, guidelines have favoured wound excision within 6 hours based on historical animal and human studies. Current data suggest that timing of wound debridement should be determined by the degree of contamination and severity of injury.

scholarly journals An International Convention on Refugee Resettlement

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 175-212
Author(s):  
Miah Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Forced Migration ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
International Agreement ◽  
International Convention ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intense Debate

Forced migration has been the subject of intense debate in the past 50 years and has spawned a wealth of literature as a result. Few commentators, however, have considered the value or viability of an international agreement on refugee resettlement that would include mandatory resettlement quotas. This article puts forward a proposal for an International Convention on Refugee Resettlement. Such a convention would, I argue, help to address some of the current limitations of resettlement as a solution to the increase in refugee numbers. Appendix 1 contains the suggested wording for such a convention, drawing on several international human rights treaties (particularly the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees) as well as resettlement principles and policies set out by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Appendix 2 provides explanatory notes for the draft wording. It is hoped that such wording might be of use to those campaigning for the development of a binding, international agreement on resettlement.

scholarly journals The Enhancement of Immovable Cultural Heritage by Urban Planning Law: The French Experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 355-376
Author(s):  
Pierre-Alain Collot
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Planning Law ◽  
Incremental Development ◽  
French Experience ◽  
Protection Mechanisms ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
New Buildings

Despite the incremental development of the heritage dimension of local urban planning plans, as well as an ever-more substantial relationship between immovable cultural heritage law and urban planning law, these two elements remain susceptible to raising confusion, occasionally contradicting one another frontally. The French Act of 7 July 2016 on Freedom of Creation, Architecture, and Heritage had the initial ambition of harmonizing and simplifying the mechanisms for the protection and enhancement of immovable cultural heritage, including under urban planning law. Yet the Act of 23 November 2018 on Housing Development, Urban Planning, and Digital Technology has further contributed to weakening the heritage protection mechanisms and bestowed a priority on the construction of new buildings over the conservation and enhancement of old neighbourhoods and buildings.

scholarly journals XX. Observations on a portion of the Crypt of St. Stephen's Chapel, Westminster, communicated in a Letter from T. Grissell, Esq. to Sir Henry Ellis, K.H., F.R.S., Secretary

Archaeologia ◽  
1846 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 323-325
Author(s):  
T. Grissell
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Past Summer ◽  
Made In

I have much pleasure in communicating to you, on behalf of the Society of Antiquaries, the following observations which have lately been made in the course of our operations at the New Houses of Parliament, or, more properly, at her Majesty's Palace at Westminster. Having had occasion to remove a portion of the old Crypt of St. Stephen's Chapel during the past summer to make way for the new buildings now in progress, sundry curious and beautiful remains were discovered, which I have thought desirable should become the subject of the accompanying sketches, and which I have much pleasure in presenting to the Society, together with a small capital of one of the columns, and an ancient key of singular shape found in the excavations.

scholarly journals New Urbanization of the Steppe. Astana: A Capital Called the Capital

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Gawęcki
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City ◽  
Intense Debate ◽  
New Urbanization

Abstract Relocating the capital of Kazakhstan from Almaty to Akmola (then renamed Astana) in 1997 has been the subject of an intense debate, particularly within media. The process of creating the new capital of Kazakhstan should consider the broader perspective of historical, political and ideological, social, climatic and geographical factors, and finally to put the matter in terms of architecture and urban planning. The author considers this very broad perspective, finally expressing the hope that the project of “the city of the future” analyzed in the article, will become a permanent part of the Kazakh reality.

REINTEGRATION OF THE CHORNOBYL NPP EXCLUSION ZONE ON THE BASIS OF THE DESIGN-PLANNING COMPLEX

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
I.I. Ustinova ◽  
◽  
M.M. Dyomin ◽  
G.V. Aylikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Design Planning ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
First Time

The aim of the publication is to determine the prerequisites of and to elaborate on the foundations of the Exclusion Zone reintegration in order to address the issue of rational development of urban-planning documentation complex regarding the legitimacy of said territory exploitation. It is established that for the implementation of the «Radioactive waste management strategy» the production complex «Vector» is being constructed on the Exclusion Zone territory; a powerful park of renewable energy generation is being created to implement the «Chornobyl - a Territory of Change» strategy; a Chornobyl Radiation-Ecological Biosphere Reserve was established to support and increase the barrier function of the zone; in order to promote the Safe Chornobyl brand-name, the tourist traffic is being increased and the conditions for the visitors are improving. In the absence of developed and approved city planning documentation, the listed above causes the problem of legitimacy and rationality of the exclusion zone territory use. The paper for the first time raises the question of the need to elaborate the concept of functional planning of the Chornobyl NPP exclusion zone territory and the development of the design-planning complex (urban planning documentation): from the territory.

Pakistan’s Development: Successes, Failures, and Future Tasks (Presidential Remarks)

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4I) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
Sarfraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
General Meeting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Golden Jubilee ◽  
Freedom Movement ◽  
Past Half ◽  
Do So

It is an honour for me as President of the Pakistan Society of Development Economists to welcome you to the 13th Annual General Meeting and Conference of the Society. I consider it a great privilege to do so as this Meeting coincides with the Golden Jubilee celebrations of the state of Pakistan, a state which emerged on the map of the postwar world as a result of the Muslim freedom movement in the Indian Subcontinent. Fifty years to the date, we have been jubilant about it, and both as citizens of Pakistan and professionals in the social sciences we have also been thoughtful about it. We are trying to see what development has meant in Pakistan in the past half century. As there are so many dimensions that the subject has now come to have since its rather simplistic beginnings, we thought the Golden Jubilee of Pakistan to be an appropriate occasion for such stock-taking.

TARP DVIEJŲ KOLONŲ: XVIII A. PABAIGOS – XIX A. PRADŽIOS VILNIAUS MASONŲ KASDIENYBĖ SIMBOLIKOJE

2018 ◽  
pp. 144-163
Author(s):  
Daiva Milinkevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Secular World ◽  
National Characteristics ◽  
Conservative Christian ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Craft Guilds

The Age of Enlightenment is defined as the period when the universal ideas of progress, deism, humanism, naturalism and others were materialized and became a golden age for freemasons. It is wrong to assume that old and conservative Christian ideas were rejected. Conversely, freemasons put them into new general shapes and expressed them with the help of symbols in their daily routine. Symbols of freemasons had close ties with the past and gave them, on the one hand, a visible instrument, such as rituals and ideas to sense the transcendental, and on the other, intense gnostic aspirations. Freemasons put in a great amount of effort to improve themselves and to create their identity with the help of myths and symbols. It traces its origins to the biblical builders of King Solomon’s Temple, the posterity of the Templar Knights, and associations of the medieval craft guilds, which were also symbolical and became their link not only to each other but also to the secular world. In this work we analysed codified masonic symbols used in their rituals. The subject of our research is the universal Masonic idea and its aspects through the symbols in the daily life of the freemasons in Vilnius. Thanks to freemasons’ signets, we could find continuity, reception, and transformation of universal masonic ideas in the Lithuanian freemasonry and national characteristics of lodges. Taking everything into account, our article shows how the universal idea of freemasonry spread among Lithuanian freemasonry, and which forms and meanings it incorporated in its symbols. The objective of this research is to find a universal Masonic idea throughout their visual and oral symbols and see its impact on the daily life of the masons in Vilnius. Keywords: Freemasonry, Bible, lodge, symbols, rituals, freemasons’ signets.

Problems of Analysis of Design and Research Methods of Interaction with the Urban Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
П. В. Капустин ◽  
А. И. Гаврилов
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Historical Dynamics ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City ◽  
Research And Design

Состояние проблемы. Проблематика городской среды заявила о себе в 1960-е годы как протест против модернистских методов урбанизма и других видов проектирования. Средовое движение не случайно тогда именовали «антипрофессиональным» - оно было направлено против устоявшихся и недейственных методов работы с городом - от исследования до управления. За прошедшие десятилетия в рамках самого средового движения и его идейных наследников наработано немало методов и приемов работы, однако они до сих не подвергались анализу как пребывающая в исторической динамике целостная совокупность инструментария, альтернативного традиционному градостроительству. Результаты. Рассмотрены особенности и проблемы анализа методологического «арсенала» средового движения и урбанистики. Методы работы с городской средой впервые структурированы по типам знания. Показана близость методов исследовательского и проектного подходов в отношении городской среды. Выводы. В ближайшее время можно ожидать появления новых синтетических знаний и частных методологий, связанных как с обострением средовой проблематики, с расширением круга средовых акторов, так и с процессом профессионализации урбанистики. Statement of the problem. The urban environment paradigm emerged in the 1960s as a protest against the modernist methods of urbanism and other types of design. It was no coincidence that the environmental movement was back then called "anti-professional" as it was directed against the established and ineffective methods of working with the city, i. e., from research to management. Over the past decades, within the framework of the environmental movement and its ideological heirs, a lot of methods and have been developed. However, they have not yet been analyzed as an integral set of tools in the historical dynamics which is an alternative to traditional urban planning. Results. The features and problems of the analysis of the methodological “arsenal” of environmental movement and urban studies are considered. The methods of working with the urban environment are first structured according to the types of knowledge. The proximity of research and design approaches in the case when the urban environment is dealt with is shown. Conclusions. In the nearest future, we can expect new synthetic knowledge and particular methodologies related to both the exacerbation of environmental problems to emerge as well as the expansion of the circle of environmental actors and the process of professionalization of urbanstics.

Group Communication in City Planning Decisions (on the example urban projects of Moscow region)

Communicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Samoylova ◽  
O.A. Zhirkov ◽  
S.V. Belkin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Planning Development ◽  
Political Economic

The authors set out the basics of urban planning policy and represent the capabilities of modern information and communication tools for an integrated way of fixing the material and intangible world for urban planning purposes in the living environment (material and spatial environment). Namely, the possibilities of communication in the field of urban planning development carried out in the context of many circumstances cover federal, regional, municipal and corporate levels of management, while taking into account political, economic, social and technological relevant factors, as well as historical and national special aspects and urban planning typology of territories. The authors describe the operation of the developed computer program Decision Support Solutions (DSS) for evaluating decision options by interested participants in urban planning activities for various urban planning types of territories. The relevance of the article is driven by the need for practical use and legalization of the presented communicative interaction. This will facilitate the identification and solution of conflicts at the pre-project stage of urban planning, as should help to consider the requirements of consumers and their support for ongoing decisions and actions of public authorities at all levels.

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