scholarly journals Hubungan Agama dan Negara dalam Konteks Modernisasi Politik di Era Reformasi

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masykuri Abdillah
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Political Modernization ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The Relationship of Religion and State within the Context of Political Modernisation in the Reform Era. Political modernization in Indonesia to some extent has brought about political secularization. Yet, in the Pancasila state, the process will not lead to a secular state. The relationship between religion and the state is an intersectional relationship, neither fully integrated nor completely separate. In the reform era, democratic political modernization has implications on the emergence of new political parties, including Islamic parties. On the other hand, the freedom of expression in certain cases has led to disputes and conflicts that can disrupt social harmony and national integration. In this context, religion can provide a positive contribution as an integrative factor that values social diversity, and not as a disintegrative factor that supports social exclusivism.Keywords: political modernization, secularization, religion and public policy, religion, religion and political participation, religion and national integrationAbstrak: Hubungan Agama dan Negara dalam Konteks Modernisasi Politik di Era Reformasi. Modernisasi politik di Indonesia dalam tingkat tertentu telah menimbulkan sekularisasi politik. Namun, di negara yang berideologi Pancasila ini, proses itu tidak akan mengarah kepada negara sekuler. Hubungan antara agama dan negara adalah hubungan persinggungan, tidak sepenuhnya terintegrasi dan tidak pula sepenuhnya terpisah. Di era reformasi ini, modernisasi politik yang demokratis beri mplikasi kepada munculnya partai-partai politik baru, termasuk partai-partai Islam. Di sisi lain, ekspresi kebebas an dalam kasus-kasus tertentu telah menimbulkan perselisihan dan konflik yang bisa mengganggu harmoni sosial dan integrasi bangsa. Dalam konteks inilah agama dapat memberikan kontribusi yang positif sebagai faktor integratif yang menghargai kem ajemukan masyarakat dan bukan sebagai faktor disintegratif yang mendukung eksklusifisme dalam masyarakat.Kata Kunci: modernisasi politik, sekularisasi, agama dan kebijakan publik, agama dan partisipasi politik, agama dan integrasi nasionalDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i2.937

Relasi Agama dan Demokrasi; Telaah Kritis Eksistensi Partai Islam Di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-404
Author(s):  
Nur Khasanah ◽  
Achmad Irwan Hamzani
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Actual Reality ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Islamic Political Parties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Religion And Democracy

AbstractThis study discusses the relation between religion and democracy; critical examination of the existence of Islamic parties in Indonesia. This study is a qualitative study based on library (library research). The approach used is descriptive qualitative which aims to illustrate or describe the reality that exists or what is happening or the actual reality of the object under study. Then interpreted in the form of a report. The approach used is the cultural anthropology approach. The results of this study indicate that Muslims interpret the relationship of religion and democracy to occur in three models, namely the negative, neutral and positive models. In the context of Islamic political parties in Indonesia, the basic problem is the inability of parties to package democratic issues, starting from the emergence of religious sentiment, politicization of religion, political pragmatism in PKS parties. Furthermore, the PPP party has problems with party regeneration, leadership dualism, and political attitudes. Whereas the UN party is seen in the absence of a leader figure and political culture.Keywords: Religion, Democracy, Islamic Party AbstrakStudi ini membahas tentang relasi agama dan demokrasi; telaah kritis eksistensi Partai-Partai Islam di Indonesia. Kajian ini merupakan studi kualitatif berbasis kepustakaan (library research). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran atau mendeskripsikan kenyataan yang ada atau apa yang terjadi atau kenyataan sebenarnya pada obyek yang diteliti. Kemudian diinterprestasikan dalam bentuk laporan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan antropologi budaya. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa kaum muslim memaknai bahwa relasi agama dan demokrasi terjadi dalam tiga model, yakni model negatif, netral, dan positif. Dalam konteks partai-partai politik Islam di Indonesia, problem mendasar adalah ketidakmampuan partai dalam mengemas isu-isu demokrasi, mulai dari muncul sentimen keagamaan, politisasi agama, pragmatisme politik pada partai PKS. Selanjutnya pada partai PPP terdapat masalah pada kaderisasi partai, dualisme kepemimpinan, dan sikap politik. Sedangkan pada partai PBB terlihat pada ketiadaan figur pemimpin  dan kultur politik.Kata Kunci: Agama, Demokrasi, Partai Islam

Are Public Commemorations in Contemporary Japan Post-secular?

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 136-152
Author(s):  
Akira Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Religious Participation ◽  
Religious Expression ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
Yasukuni Shrine ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper asks whether public commemorations in contemporary Japan are post-secular or not. More precisely, it investigates the postwar history of the relationship between such commemorations and the principle of keeping religion and government separate, as embodied in the constitution. Referring to several contemporary cases, I provide an overview of the discourses and actual conditions of the separation of religion and state at Chidorigafuchi National Cemetery (Chidorigafuchi Kokuritsu Senbotsusha Boen 千鳥ヶ淵国立戦没者墓苑) and Yasukuni Shrine (Yasukuni Jinja 靖国神社). In conclusion, I point out on one hand that the non-denominational expressions seen in Chidorigafuchi and other facilities show a distinctive kind of religious expression. On the other hand, I underscore that the excessive avoidance of religious participation by government officials derives from the Yasukuni issue and related legal trials. I explain the relationship of those phenomena in terms of two types of secularization: natural secularization and artificial secularization.

scholarly journals The theme of relations between the artist and power in Sergey Maximov's dilogy Denis Bushuyev and Denis Bushuyev's Rebellion

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Natalja J. Bukareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Repression ◽  
Invariant Model ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
Moral Choices ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the unique solution to the problem of the relationship between the creative personality and the state in the dilogy of the émigré writer Sergei Maximov. The author believes that this question is axiological, as it is related to the moral choices of the artist.The relationship between the artist and the authorities is directly linked to the historical situation and the political regime. The novels show different characters through the dialogue between the authorities and the artist. The choice of heroes is largely due to the Stalinist era, which totally restricted the artist's freedom of personal expression. One variant of the characters' behaviour is toadapt to the regime, with the consequent loss of individuality, writing to social order, creating stereotyped socialist-realistic texts, participating in establishing the «Stalinist myth», but living comfortably in the material world and without state repression. Maksimov speaks about the degradation of the artistic level in socialist realistic works that follow an invariant model, which results in the unification of creative individuality. Another important issue to the novelist is the artist's ethical authority, the idea of the moral responsibility of the writer strengthening the position of the criminal regime through his works. Alternatively, one can choose to find freedom of expression, opposition to power, leading to the destruction of the artist by the system. What both choices have in common is that it is a relationship of initially unequal forces, so their dialogue is not constructive.

scholarly journals PLURALISME PRINSIPIIL DAN REFLEKSINYA TERHADAP PANCASILA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-204
Author(s):  
Chias Yohanes Wuysang ◽  
Benyamin Intan
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Structural Pluralism ◽  
Ethical Approach ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article uses theological-ethical approach to focus on the presentation of the relationship of religion and state in the concept of principled pluralism and provides a reflection on the life of the nation and state in Indonesia which has Pancasila. The theological basis used as a reference is the Reformed theology of the Neo-Calvinism wing which was pioneered by Abraham Kuyper and forwarded by ideas from Kuyperians such as Gordon Spykman, James Skillen, Jonathan Chaplin. The author will argue that Pancasila is in harmony with principled pluralism. KEY WORDS: principled pluralism, structural pluralism, confessional pluralism, Pancasila.

scholarly journals The Fundraising Disadvantages Confronting American Political Parties

The Forum ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Baker
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Finance Reform ◽  
Structural Equation Analysis ◽  
Equation Analysis ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn the wake of the Bi-Partisan Campaign Finance Reform Act of 2002 and subsequent rulings by the Supreme Court, American political parties face greater regulation than interest groups in terms of their ability to finance federal elections. While parties continue to be constrained by contribution limits, nearly all interest groups can now raise and spend money in unlimited amounts to influence elections. Further, many new groups formed to take advantage of these legal changes. Few studies address the ramifications of these developments for political parties’ fundraising capabilities. To see whether these disadvantages hamper party fundraising, I examine parties’ direct fundraising costs overtime and I use structural equation analysis to investigate the giving habits of party donors overtime. I find the fundraising cost of each dollar raised has risen and habitual party donors provide significant support to Super PACs. Habitual party donors have also become less consistent givers in the Democratic Party. I discuss the relationship of these findings to changes in party fundraising tactics and their implications for future efforts by the parties to maintain their revenue streams.

The Paradox of the Thai Middle Class in Democratisation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Kanokrat Lertchoosakul
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Democratic Institution ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Majority Rules ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship of the bourgeoisie and democratisation has been inconsistent across the history of democracy. This work offers an alternative explanation taking the example of the Thai middle class, which had promoted democracy, turned against it. From the democratic transition of 1973 until the present day, the Thai middle class has played contradictory roles in the democratisation of the country. This work investigates the effects of democratic institution-building after regime change and the efforts to consolidate democracy in the middle class. This work proposes two major observations. The first is the failure of the middle class to establish themselves in democratic institutions and processes in either the legislature/executive, political parties, local government or structured interest groups. They have learned of the uncertainty of free elections and how the elected executives have benefitted other classes but not them. The second regards the missing prerequisite of democracy. Insufficient understanding of majority rules and two-turnover elections, caused the middle class who were disappointed with the outcome of democratic regimes and systems to easily turn away from democracy.

scholarly journals Electoral Power Structure of Islamic Parties in Reform Era Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-213
Author(s):  
Lili Romli
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Nationalist Party ◽  
Electoral Power ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
Islamic Political Parties ◽  
Nationalist Parties ◽  
Islamic Party

The Islamic political parties in the Reform era grew up exceeding the period of Parliamentary Democracy. In the electoral competition during the Reform era, Islamic political parties did not receive adequate votes. The votes won by Islamic parties tend to go down from election to election. There are several factors that have caused the Islamic party to fail to win the support of Muslim votes. First, Islamic parties are fragmented and internal conflict. Second, Muslim voters do a change in ideological orientation which no chooses an Islamic party but a nationalist party. Third, nationalist parties accommodate Muslim aspirations by forming Islamic organizations. Fourth, the crisis of leadership of the Islamic party. Fifth, the absence of a real party program. To improve the electoral, Islamic parties must concern on programs to improve people's welfare, democratization, eradicate corruption, and realize social justice. The leader of Islamic parties must be exemplary, visionary, integrity, and rooted in the community.

scholarly journals Upaya Dewan Pimpinan Daerah Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan dalam Mentransformasikan Nilai-Nilai Pancasila pada Kader

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Arif Prasetyo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Political Education ◽  
West Java ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Ideal System ◽  
Regional Leadership ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study discussed the purpose of political education for the Regional Leadership Council of the Indonesian Democratic Party of struggle in West Java Province, the relationship of the party’s platform to the values of Pancasila, and the approaches, methods, and media used by the party in growing Pancasila values to its cadres. This study used a qualitative approach with case studies. Data collection was done through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used interactive analysis. The results of this study were political education carried out by political parties to their cadres was a process of political socialization to improve the quality of human resources owned by the West Java Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan Party Regional Board. The relationship between the party platform and Pancasila values was a process of political education in which cadres were given new knowledge, understanding, and experience in transforming their political values and orientation towards the expected ideal system. The approaches, methods, and media carried out by political parties were carried out through the recruitment of political parties to ensure the sustainability and preservation of political parties.

scholarly journals How the Microbial World Saved Evolution from the Scylla of Molecular Biology and the Charybdis of the Modern Synthesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl R. Woese ◽  
Nigel Goldenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Microbial Ecology ◽  
Microbial World ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
History Of Microbiology

SUMMARY In this commentary, we provide a personal overview of the conceptual history of microbiology and molecular biology over the course of the last hundred years, emphasizing the relationship of these fields to the problem of evolution. We argue that despite their apparent success, all three reached an impasse that arose from the influence of dogmatic or overly narrow perspectives. Finally, we describe how recent developments in microbiology are realizing Beijerinck's vision of a field that is fully integrated with molecular biology, microbial ecology, thereby challenging and extending current thinking in evolution.

DOES SELF-EMPLOYMENT ENHANCE REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 1450025 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAIMA BASHIR ◽  
TESFA GEBREMEDHIN ◽  
MUHAMMAD ARSHAD CHAWDHRY
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spatial Impacts

Creative and qualified self-employed individuals contribute to economic growth by inventing new products, production processes, distribution methods and employing other people. Researchers are interested in self-employment if it can provide jobs to the unemployed population and also for those who face job discrimination. However, increase in self-employment is uncertain because entrepreneurial skills are assumed to be risky and self-employed workers can learn their skills gradually after starting their businesses. Economists pay special attention to finding the conceptual relationship between entrepreneurship as self-employment and economic development. Furthermore, studies show that the process of entrepreneurship has significant spatial autocorrelation and affects neighboring counties. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify and estimate the spatial impacts of self-employment in the economic development of the northeastern United States. The study expects to provide policy makers with vital information for policy measures designed for economic development. The study uses the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) to estimate the relationship of employment, population and per capita income against self-employment. The results indicate that employment and population are positively linked to self-employment. Also, results highlight the positive contribution of self-employment on rural economic development.

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