Relasi Agama dan Demokrasi; Telaah Kritis Eksistensi Partai Islam Di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-404
Author(s):  
Nur Khasanah ◽  
Achmad Irwan Hamzani
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Actual Reality ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Islamic Political Parties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Religion And Democracy

AbstractThis study discusses the relation between religion and democracy; critical examination of the existence of Islamic parties in Indonesia. This study is a qualitative study based on library (library research). The approach used is descriptive qualitative which aims to illustrate or describe the reality that exists or what is happening or the actual reality of the object under study. Then interpreted in the form of a report. The approach used is the cultural anthropology approach. The results of this study indicate that Muslims interpret the relationship of religion and democracy to occur in three models, namely the negative, neutral and positive models. In the context of Islamic political parties in Indonesia, the basic problem is the inability of parties to package democratic issues, starting from the emergence of religious sentiment, politicization of religion, political pragmatism in PKS parties. Furthermore, the PPP party has problems with party regeneration, leadership dualism, and political attitudes. Whereas the UN party is seen in the absence of a leader figure and political culture.Keywords: Religion, Democracy, Islamic Party AbstrakStudi ini membahas tentang relasi agama dan demokrasi; telaah kritis eksistensi Partai-Partai Islam di Indonesia. Kajian ini merupakan studi kualitatif berbasis kepustakaan (library research). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran atau mendeskripsikan kenyataan yang ada atau apa yang terjadi atau kenyataan sebenarnya pada obyek yang diteliti. Kemudian diinterprestasikan dalam bentuk laporan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan antropologi budaya. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa kaum muslim memaknai bahwa relasi agama dan demokrasi terjadi dalam tiga model, yakni model negatif, netral, dan positif. Dalam konteks partai-partai politik Islam di Indonesia, problem mendasar adalah ketidakmampuan partai dalam mengemas isu-isu demokrasi, mulai dari muncul sentimen keagamaan, politisasi agama, pragmatisme politik pada partai PKS. Selanjutnya pada partai PPP terdapat masalah pada kaderisasi partai, dualisme kepemimpinan, dan sikap politik. Sedangkan pada partai PBB terlihat pada ketiadaan figur pemimpin  dan kultur politik.Kata Kunci: Agama, Demokrasi, Partai Islam

scholarly journals Hubungan Agama dan Negara dalam Konteks Modernisasi Politik di Era Reformasi

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masykuri Abdillah
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Political Modernization ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The Relationship of Religion and State within the Context of Political Modernisation in the Reform Era. Political modernization in Indonesia to some extent has brought about political secularization. Yet, in the Pancasila state, the process will not lead to a secular state. The relationship between religion and the state is an intersectional relationship, neither fully integrated nor completely separate. In the reform era, democratic political modernization has implications on the emergence of new political parties, including Islamic parties. On the other hand, the freedom of expression in certain cases has led to disputes and conflicts that can disrupt social harmony and national integration. In this context, religion can provide a positive contribution as an integrative factor that values social diversity, and not as a disintegrative factor that supports social exclusivism.Keywords: political modernization, secularization, religion and public policy, religion, religion and political participation, religion and national integrationAbstrak: Hubungan Agama dan Negara dalam Konteks Modernisasi Politik di Era Reformasi. Modernisasi politik di Indonesia dalam tingkat tertentu telah menimbulkan sekularisasi politik. Namun, di negara yang berideologi Pancasila ini, proses itu tidak akan mengarah kepada negara sekuler. Hubungan antara agama dan negara adalah hubungan persinggungan, tidak sepenuhnya terintegrasi dan tidak pula sepenuhnya terpisah. Di era reformasi ini, modernisasi politik yang demokratis beri mplikasi kepada munculnya partai-partai politik baru, termasuk partai-partai Islam. Di sisi lain, ekspresi kebebas an dalam kasus-kasus tertentu telah menimbulkan perselisihan dan konflik yang bisa mengganggu harmoni sosial dan integrasi bangsa. Dalam konteks inilah agama dapat memberikan kontribusi yang positif sebagai faktor integratif yang menghargai kem ajemukan masyarakat dan bukan sebagai faktor disintegratif yang mendukung eksklusifisme dalam masyarakat.Kata Kunci: modernisasi politik, sekularisasi, agama dan kebijakan publik, agama dan partisipasi politik, agama dan integrasi nasionalDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i2.937

scholarly journals On Newcomb's method of investigating periodicities and its application to Brückner's weather cycle

1914 ◽  
Vol 90 (619) ◽  
pp. 349-355
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Numerical Work ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Great Simplicity

During the last few years of his life Prof. Simon Newcomb was keenly interested in the problem of periodicities, and devised a new method for their investigation. This method is explained, and to some extent applied, in a paper entitled "A Search for Fluctuations in the Sun's Thermal Radiation through their Influence on Terrestrial Temperature." The importance of the question justifies a critical examination of the relationship of the older methods to that of Newcomb, and though I do not agree with his contention that his process gives us more than can be obtained from Fourier's analysis, it has the advantage of great simplicity in its numerical work, and should prove useful in a certain, though I am afraid, very limited field. Let f ( t ) represent a function of a variable which we may take to be the time, and let the average value of the function be zero. Newcomb examines the sum of the series f ( t 1 ) f ( t 1 + τ) + f ( t 2 ) f ( t 2 + τ) + f ( t 3 ) f ( t 3 + τ) + ..., where t 1 , t 2 , etc., are definite values of the variable which are taken to lie at equal distances from each other. If the function be periodic so as to repeat itself after an interval τ, the products are all squares and each term is positive. If, on the other hand, the periodic time be 2τ, each product will be negative and the sum itself therefore negative. It is easy to see that if τ be varied continuously the sum of the series passes through maxima and minima, and the maxima will indicated the periodic time, or any of its multiples.

scholarly journals Institusionalisasi Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) dan Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP) di Kota Palembang

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Agung Pratama Putra ◽  
Norhuda Norhuda ◽  
Nico Oktario Adytyas
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
General Election ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Party Institutionalization ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
Islamic Political Parties

This research is entitled "INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF ISLAMIC POLITICAL PARTIES IN PALEMBANG CITY: A Case Study of the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) and the United Development Party (PPP)". This research explains that the institutionalization of Islamic political parties in Palembang City can affect the results of the legislative elections and the existence of voters, which at the time of the 2019 legislative elections in Palembang City, the votes and seats of Islamic political parties experienced very significant changes in terms of the number of votes. and legislative seats. Islamic political parties that experienced an increase in the number of votes and legislative seats, namely the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) when the 2014 legislative general election received three seats but in the 2019 legislative general election it got five seats, while the Islamic political parties which experienced a decrease in the number of votes and legislative seats, namely the Party The Development Association (PPP) when the 2014 legislative election won two seats, but in the 2019 legislative general election, it only got one seat. The reason the author chose the title Institutionalization of Islamic Political Parties in Palembang City is due to the extent to which Islamic parties have or have not been institutionalized, this research on the institutionalization of political parties uses the theory of Vicky Randall and Lars Svasand political parties are considered institutionalized if there are four degrees of institutionalization such as Degree of System, Degree of Value Identity , Degree of Decision Autonomy and Degree of Public Knowledge. Based on the theory used, the results of this study, among others, prove that PKS can be said to have been institutionalized and PPP has not been institutionalized based on the four degrees of political party institutionalization theory concept according to Vicky Randall and Lars Svasand. So that it can be directly proven by the results of research findings where the institutionalization of PKS and PPP parties has similarities and differences between the two Islamic political parties in absorbing the people's aspirations and fighting for the interests of Muslims in Palembang City.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGY OF PATIENCE IN AL-MISBĀH EXEGESIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1221-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh. Tajab ◽  
Abd. Madjid ◽  
Mega Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Value Of Life ◽  
Meaningful Life ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Humanitarian Ethics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Text Study

Shihab from Indonesia, especially to describe and analyze the relationship of patience with the personality in tafsīr al-Misbāh. Methodology: This research is library research using text study methods. In the study of interpretive texts, one of them is the method of interpretation of mauḍū'i. The method of tafsīrmauḍū'i is a method of interpretation that discusses a particular theme, then seeks the view of the al-Qur’an on the matter by grouping verses, analyzing, discussing and understanding verse by verse, then gathering general verses into specific verses. In analyzing, text studies utilize library sources as a study material. The method used tafsīrthematic, which means to collect verses of the Qur'an correlated to the theme and discusses and analyzes the contents of the verse. The verses in the Qur'an collecting by its relation to the topic of patience and in the end, we take the conclusion as the answer from the al-Qur'an. Main Findings: Patience in the al-Misbāh Exegesis brings a personality model to the thought that the value of life hangs on patience as religiousness, ethics, and meaningful life. The personality model grows an involvement of psychological well being on the foundation of ideal humanitarian ethics in the Quran, which is the highest outcome of the patients. Applications of this study: This study can be utilized by educators, in teaching and learning and psychologists. Novelty/Originality of this study: The personality model of patience in the-Misbāh Exegesisis positive. This personality model will minimize a person falling in the concept of terrorism, and increases to realizing psychological well-being, especially related to meaningfulness in life and self-mastery.

scholarly journals The Fundraising Disadvantages Confronting American Political Parties

The Forum ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Baker
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Finance Reform ◽  
Structural Equation Analysis ◽  
Equation Analysis ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn the wake of the Bi-Partisan Campaign Finance Reform Act of 2002 and subsequent rulings by the Supreme Court, American political parties face greater regulation than interest groups in terms of their ability to finance federal elections. While parties continue to be constrained by contribution limits, nearly all interest groups can now raise and spend money in unlimited amounts to influence elections. Further, many new groups formed to take advantage of these legal changes. Few studies address the ramifications of these developments for political parties’ fundraising capabilities. To see whether these disadvantages hamper party fundraising, I examine parties’ direct fundraising costs overtime and I use structural equation analysis to investigate the giving habits of party donors overtime. I find the fundraising cost of each dollar raised has risen and habitual party donors provide significant support to Super PACs. Habitual party donors have also become less consistent givers in the Democratic Party. I discuss the relationship of these findings to changes in party fundraising tactics and their implications for future efforts by the parties to maintain their revenue streams.

Social and cultural anthropology: salience for psychiatry

2012 ◽  
pp. 275-279
Author(s):  
Arthur Kleinman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
International Health ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Anthropology's chief contribution to psychiatry is to emphasize the importance of the social world in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, and to provide concepts and methods that psychiatrists can apply (the appropriate cross-disciplinary translation first being made, however). But that is not the only contribution that anthropology offers. Ethnographers are aware that knowledge is positioned, facts and values are inseparable, and experience is simply too complex and robust to be easily boxed into tight analytical categories. Hence a sense of the fallibility of understanding, the limitation of practice, and irony and paradox in human conditions is the consequence of ethnography as a method of knowledge production. Anthropology also complements the idea of psychosomatic relationships with evidence and theorizing about sociosomatic relationships. Here moral processes—namely what is at stake in local worlds—are shown to be closely linked with emotional processes, which are frequently about experiences of loss, fear, vexation, and betrayal of what is collectively and individually at stake in interpersonal relationships. Change in the former can change the latter, and this can at times work in reverse as well. Examples include the way symptoms intensify or even arise in response to fear and vexation concerning threats perceived as serious dangers to what is most at stake. The relationship of poverty to morbidity and mortality is a different example of sociosomatic processes. Poverty correlates with increased morbidity and mortality. Psychiatrists have often had trouble getting the point that public health and infectious disease experts have long understood. But it is not just diarrhoeal disease, tuberculosis, AIDS, heart disease, and cancer that demonstrate this powerful social epidemiological correlation—so do psychiatric conditions. Depression, substance abuse, violence, and their traumatic consequences not only occur at higher rates in the poorest local worlds, but also cluster together (much as do infectious diseases), and those vicious clusters define a local place, usually a disintegrating inner-city community. Hence the findings of the National Co-Morbidity Study in the United States of America that most psychiatric conditions occur as comorbidity is a step toward this ethnographic knowledge—that in the most vulnerable, dangerous, and broken local worlds, psychiatric diseases are not encountered as separate problems but as part of these sociosomatic clusters. Finally, anthropology is also salient for policy and programme development in psychiatry. Against an overly narrow neurobiological framing of psychiatric conditions as brain disorders, anthropology in psychiatry draws on cross-national, cross-ethnic, and disintegrating community data to emphasize the relationship of increasing rates of mental health problems, especially among underserved, impoverished populations worldwide, and increasing problems in the organization and delivery of mental health services to fundamental transformations in political economy, institutions, and culture that are remaking our epoch. In so doing, anthropology projects a vision of psychiatry as a discipline central to social welfare and health policy. It argues as well against the profession's ethnocentrism and for the field as a larger component of international health. Anthropology (together with economics, sociology, and political science) also provides the tools for psychiatry to develop policies and programmes that address the close ties between social conditions and mental health conditions, and social policies and mental health policies. In this sense, anthropology urges psychiatry in a global direction, one in which psychiatric knowledge and practice, once altered to fit in more culturally salient ways in local worlds around the globe, have a more important place at the policy table.

Duration of untreated psychosis: a critical examination of the concept and its importance

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSS M. G. NORMAN ◽  
ASHOK K. MALLA
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Psychosis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background. The concept of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has recently attracted much interest because of its possible relationship to treatment outcome and implications for preventive efforts with reference to psychotic disorders, especially schizophrenia. In this paper we review critically the literature concerning the concept and its importance.Methods. Articles concerned with measuring DUP and those that have been suggested to provide indirect or direct evidence of the effect of DUP on treatment outcome are reviewed.Results. Evidence thus far suggests that DUP may be related to ease of reducing psychotic symptoms once treatment begins for first episode patients, but there is no evidence of a relationship to likelihood of relapse. There has been little investigation of the relationship of DUP to other long-term outcomes such as negative symptoms and cognitive functioning neither have the possible confounds of DUP been widely investigated or controlled.Conclusions. It is important that there should be more thorough investigations of DUP, its correlates, and the extent to which it does mediate any advantages of earlier intervention.

The Paradox of the Thai Middle Class in Democratisation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Kanokrat Lertchoosakul
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Democratic Institution ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Majority Rules ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship of the bourgeoisie and democratisation has been inconsistent across the history of democracy. This work offers an alternative explanation taking the example of the Thai middle class, which had promoted democracy, turned against it. From the democratic transition of 1973 until the present day, the Thai middle class has played contradictory roles in the democratisation of the country. This work investigates the effects of democratic institution-building after regime change and the efforts to consolidate democracy in the middle class. This work proposes two major observations. The first is the failure of the middle class to establish themselves in democratic institutions and processes in either the legislature/executive, political parties, local government or structured interest groups. They have learned of the uncertainty of free elections and how the elected executives have benefitted other classes but not them. The second regards the missing prerequisite of democracy. Insufficient understanding of majority rules and two-turnover elections, caused the middle class who were disappointed with the outcome of democratic regimes and systems to easily turn away from democracy.

scholarly journals Indigenous Security Measures in Can-eo and Talubin, Northern Philippines

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Dr. Claire Kaplaan P. Lafadchan
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gathering Data ◽  
Mountain Province

This paper showcases the indigenous security measures practiced in Barangay Can-eo and Barangay Talubin at Bontoc, Mountain Province. This qualitative research used interviews in gathering data that were supported with library research. This study explored on the effectiveness and contributions of the ritualistic and non-ritualistic security measures to individual safety and security of the community. It also exposes the relationship of the identified indigenous security measures to the Bontoc indigenous world view. It was found in the study that the ritualistic and non-ritualistic security measures in Barangay Can-eo and Barangay Talubin are effective and some are still being used and observed until today. The indigenous security measures are part of the relationship they have with nature, their environment and towards each other. It is a composite understanding and respect on how they deal with peace and order. It is concluded in this study that “Rituals emphasize the relationships between [Bontoc] farmers, the biophysical world, the social world and the supernatural world,” June Prill-Brett (2016, 101-111). Despite the changing dynamics of safety and security in the present time due to the sophistication of technology, education and modernity, the indigenous security measures still exist in Barangays Can-eo and Talubin because of the deep-seated respect that the people demonstrate on the rituals and non-ritualistic symbols and archetypes. The indigenous security measures reinforce community trust in relation to property and individual protection as well as community fortification.

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