scholarly journals Negara, Hak-hak Minoritas Agama, dan Multikulturalisme (Kasus Kekerasan terhadap Ahmadiyah)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
Ilham Mundzir
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
The Social ◽  
Liberal Multiculturalism ◽  
Racial Policy ◽  
Main Factor

This essay attempts to discuss religious violence against Ahmadiyah adherents as the minority group, in term of religion, in Indonesia. This essay demonstrates and argues that the main factor of the rise of the violence is the failure and absence of the state in enforcing the politics of liberal multiculturalism as to govern the social plurality and diversity. It stresses that the state rather tends to establish the politics of conformity and make racial policy against minority. As a result, the agenda of universal protection toward rights of minorities is hardly realized.  

scholarly journals Dynamics of confrontation between popular mobilization and state In Jordan: An analytical social conflict approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Mohammad Horani
Keyword(s):  
Social Conflict ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
Organization Leadership ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Popular Mobilization

This study aimed at analyzing the dynamics of confrontation between popular mobilization and state in Jordan from the sociological perspective of an analytical social conflict. It also concentrated on the factors that led to the emergence of popular mobilization and its Legitimacy and the variables that guided the peaceful confrontation between mobilization and state. The study results showed that economic deprivation was the main factor behid the emergence of the popular mobilization, and the political demands were emerged when the state didn’t achieve the economical Reforms , and the mobilization derives its legitimacy From its objective economical demands, the Arab revolutions and the concessions of the state which mean recognition of the Mobilization and its demands. Then the results showed that the mobilization was Fall back because of its lack of organization leadership and Ideology and the cleavages in the structure of national identity , but the conscious of the mobilization and its legitimacy may intense it again. Besides, The results indicated that the confrontation was included dialectical Relationship between the peaceful oriention of the state toward the mobilizations and the peaceful orientation of the mobilization from the other hand. This dialectical relationship constituted moral treaty between the two partisans stand out as safty valve against violence and polarization. After that, the study showed some Factors which, sometimes , provoked violence such as : the partisans, usage of violent power, and arrestation of mobilization’s activists . Then, the study showed that the confrontation was realistic , but didn’t occur substantial change in the social structure, However, it escalated the level of freedom, Raised the power of the street, and obtained the state and the society more flexibility and democracy. With regard to the theoretical approach, This study showed that the perspectives of analytical conflict are of complementarily nature, and it could be syenthesized to produce a new theoretical perspective. 

scholarly journals TOWARD MULTICULTURALISM IN DEALING WITH MINORITY GROUP Study Case: Saminism (A Social Work Perspective)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nina Mariani Noor
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The State ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Case

Multiculturalism is a term that is actually has been considered by Indonesian people long before the establishing of the nation-state. It can be seen from the underlying concept of multiculturalism in Indonesia that is comprised in the national philosophy Pancasila and the UUD 1945 Constitution. However, the implementation of multiculturalism in Indonesia did not start at that time.The implementation of multiculturalism in Indonesia emerged when the discourse of multiculturalism have spread over the world. Consequently, Indonesia, as a country which has multi-ethnic and multicultural society have to practice it both socially and politically.Since multiculturalism regards all groups involving in the State, both dominant groups and non-dominant ones, minority groups are had to have same opportunities in social, economy and political aspects. However, implementing multiculturalism is not as simple as imagined. There are several obstacles faced. On one hand, multiculturalism seems to be the best means in reaching social justice and equality among people. On the other hand, the social system constructed which is in domination of one or small cultural groups are difficult to be changed.Regrettably, the State as the holder of the authority is in dominant groups’ hand and it is trapped in defending status quo. As a result, the policies conducted relating to multiculturalism only benefit dominant group, whereas minority groups get nothing. It will be better if minority groups directly involved in deciding program that will be conducted in their community so that both the State and the minority group will benefit from the program.

Relationship between State and Civil Society: Theoretical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Abdou Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Social World ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Relationship between state and civil society has been of great interest in the field of social sciences especially in the field of sociology and political science. There have been several theorist that tries to look into this relationship. The aim of this paper is to review the theoretical approaches of Marxist, Elites, and Neo-Consensualist on the relations between state and civil society in nowadays societies. Research are based on literature studies, on conflict perspectives in sociology. These theories are very prominent when talking about state-civil society relationship in sociology. Marxist looks the relationship between the two as conflictual, meaning dominant civil society use the state as an instrument in exploiting the weak economic class. Elites argue the relationship differently from that of Marxist and liberals, as for them, state is run by few individuals at the expense of the mass. In the eye of Neo-Consensualist is entirely a different story, as that of Parson view certain prospectin the social world of constituting the society that is; norms, and values. As for Bellah he sought religion as a mechanism in the spirit of acculturating a kind of doctrine in a sense that, state and citizens go bye. Result for this theoretical views is elites show the relationship different from the Marxist and liberals, as for them the state is run by few individuals at the expense of the mass. This people are a minority group that has influence through economically, socially and the like but in short they have potentials in making things happen. This minority group the called them the elite as the mas they called the ruled.

Doing Bodhisattva’s Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-32
Author(s):  
Le Hoang Anh Thu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
The Social

This paper explores the charitable work of Buddhist women who work as petty traders in Hồ Chí Minh City. By focusing on the social interaction between givers and recipients, it examines the traders’ class identity, their perception of social stratification, and their relationship with the state. Charitable work reveals the petty traders’ negotiations with the state and with other social groups to define their moral and social status in Vietnam’s society. These negotiations contribute to their self-identification as a moral social class and to their perception of trade as ethical labor.

Humanising the Dehumanised: Emotion and Being in the Violence of the Islamic State (IS): An Alternative Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quraysha Bibi Ismail Sooliman
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
The Political ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
Western Civilisation ◽  
Ongoing Project

This paper considers the effect of violence on the emotions of IS fighters and the resultant consequences of those emotions as a factor in their choice to use violence. By interrogating the human aspect of the fighters, I am focusing not on religion but on human agency as a factor in the violence. In this regard, this paper is about reorienting the question about the violence of IS not as “religious” violence but as a response to how these fighters perceive what is happening to them and their homeland. It is about politicising the political, about the violence of the state and its coalition of killing as opposed to a consistent effort to frame the violence into an explanation of “extremist religious ideology.” This shift in analysis is significant because of the increasing harm that is caused by the rise in Islamophobia where all Muslims are considered “radical” and are dehumanised. This is by no means a new project; rather it reflects the ongoing project of distortion of and animosity toward Islam, the suspension of ethics and the naturalisation of war. It is about an advocacy for war by hegemonic powers and (puppet regimes) states against racialised groups in the name of defending liberal values. Furthermore, the myth of religious violence has served to advance the goals of power which have been used in domestic and foreign policy to marginalise and dehumanise Muslims and to portray the violence of the secular state as a justified intervention in order to protect Western civilisation and the secular subject.

SOCIAL INSURANCE IN RUSSIA: STATE, CURRENT CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES TO THEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-95
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Migranova ◽  
◽  
Valentin D. Roik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Social Insurance Fund ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mandatory Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Funds

The article deals with the issues of functioning of the social insurance institution, the organizational-legal and financial forms of which are presented by the state extrabudgetary social funds - Pension Fund of Russia, Mandatory Social Insurance Fund and Mandatory Health Insurance Fund. It considers the main characteristics of social insurance: a) scope of covering the employed population by insurance protection; b) contribution rates as related to wages; c) level of protection of population incomes (pensions and benefits as related to wages and subsistence minimum); d) availability of quality medical assistance and rehabilitation services. There are analyzed the present social risks and problems of the RF insurance system. The main problem is that the amount of financial expenditures on all types of social insurance per beneficiary is about half that of most developed and developing countries. The primary cause is lacking motivation of both employees and employers to participate in the mandatory social insurance and to legalize their earnings. In the conclusion there are formulated a number of proposals for improvement of the institution of social insurance in Russia. It is proposed to expand the range of insurance cases concerning unemployment insurance and care for elderly people, to increase the total amount of compulsory contributions to extrabudgetary insurance funds from 30.2% up to 42.5% from three sources - employees, employers and the state.

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PROTECTING SYSTEMOF PRIVATE PROPERTY IN UZBEKISTAN IN THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Bakhtiyor Khalmuratov ◽  
◽  
Madina Bakhriddonova
Keyword(s):  
Private Property ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Social

In the article the process of privatization of state property in Uzbekistan in the first years of independence, mechanisms of carrying out it, the influence of privatization processes on the social,economical life of the population and the activities of the privatized organizations in providing the population with work are analyzed. Also, legal basis of privatizing the state property are focused on

REKONSTRUKSI DAN REAKTUALISASI LITERASI EKOLOGI SOSIAL ISLAM

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Social Ecology ◽  
Social Space ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Literacy ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Ecological Awareness ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social

Literasi ekologi sosial Islam adalah interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan alam, teknologi, dan sosial yang didasarkan pada prinsip dasar Islam. Rekonstruksi literasi ekologi sosial Islam yang bisa direkonstruksi adalah prinsip dasar Islam yang menegaskan posisi manusia sebagai “pemimpin” yang diberi “amanah” untuk mengelola “bumi” atau “lingkungan alam dan sumber daya alam” sebaik-baiknya. Rekonstruksi literasi ekologis inilah yang kemudian akan diaktualisasikan pada masyarakat. Proses aktualisasi adalah kegiatan aktual dalam menanamkan kesadaran ekologi sosial Islam pada masyarakat yang mana dilakukan dalam ruang sosial keluarga, masyarakat, dan sekolah yang diorganisasi oleh negara melalui kebijakan dan peraturan per undang-undangan. Dengan proses rekonstruksi dan aktualisasi yang terstruktur ini, maka negara akan aktif membangun kesadaran ekologis sosial Islam dengan aktif dan terstruktur dengan baik guna mewujudkan basis kesadaran, ilmu pengetahuan, dan tata nilai ekologi sosial Islam pada masyarakat. Literacy on Islamic social ecology is the human interaction with the natural environment, technology, and social which is based on the basic principles of Islam. Reconstruction of literacy on Islamic social ecology that can be reconstructed is a basic tenet of Islam that affirms the human position as a "leader" by "mandate" to manage "Earth" or "natural environment and natural resources" as well as possible. Reconstruction of ecological literacy is then to be actualized in society. The process of actualization is actual activity in instilling awareness of the social ecology of Islam in the society which is done in the social space of families, communities, and schools organized by the state through policies and regulations. With the process of reconstruction and actualization, then the state will actively build social-ecological awareness of Islam in order to realize a base of awareness, knowledge, and values of Islamic social ecology in society.

Female Christian prose today: A failed search for new women’s subjectivity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-149
Author(s):  
E. Chelpanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social System ◽  
Family Values ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Female Subjectivity ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

In her analysis of books by Maya Kucherskaya, Olesya Nikolaeva, and Yulia Voznesenskaya, the author investigates the history of female Christian prose from the 1990s until the present day. According to the author, it was in the 1990s, the period of crisis and transformation of the social system, that female Christian writers were more vocal, than today, on the issues of the new post-Soviet female subjectivity, drawing on folklore imagery and contrasting the folk, pagan philosophy with the Christian one, defined by an established set of rules and limitations for the principal female roles. Thus, the folklore elements in Kucherskaya’s early works are considered as an attempt to represent female subjectivity. However, the author argues that, in their current work, Kucherskaya and other representatives of the so-called female Christian prose tend to choose different, objectivizing methods to represent female characters. This new and conservative approach may have come from a wider social context, including the state-imposed ‘family values’ program.

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