UJI TOKSISITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK BUAH DAN BATANG RIMBANG (Solanum torvum Swartz)

AbstrakIndonesia memiliki banyak tumbuhan yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pangan dan obat, salah satunya adalah rimbang (Solanum torvum Swartz). Rimbang telah dikenal luas sebagai sayuran yang buahnya dapat dimakan secara mentah dan dapat digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Namun demikian, tidak banyak kajian ilmiah mengenai efek toksik beserta senyawa yang terkandung pada buah dan batang rimbang, sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan informasi efek toksisitas dari ekstrak buah dan batang rimbang serta senyawa yang terkandung di dalamnya. Metode yang digunakan untuk menguji toksisitas adalah Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dan deteksi senyawa menggunakan uji fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak buah dan batang rimbang memiliki efek toksisitas. Nilai LC50 ekstrak buah rimbang sebesar 248 ppm, sedangkan nilai LC50 ekstrak batang rimbang sebesar 129 ppm. Ekstrak buah rimbang mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan tanin, sedangkan hasil uji fitokimia terhadap batang rimbang mengandung alkaloid, saponin, dan tanin. Kedua ekstrak tersebut memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi salah satu sumber fitofarmaka antikanker.Abstract Many plants in Indonesia are used as food and medicine, such as rimbang (Solanum torvum Swartz). This plant has been widely known as a vegetable which the fruit consumed in raw and also useful in traditional medicine. However, scientific studies on the toxic effects and compounds contained in its fruit and stem have not been widely carried out, so the aim of this study is to provide information on the toxicity effects of them and their compounds. The Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) was used to determine the toxicity effect of the extracts, while the compounds in these extracts were detected by using phytochemical assay. The results showed that those extracts have toxicity effects. The LC50 of the fruit extract was 248 ppm while the stem extract was 129 ppm. The fruit extract contained alkaloid and tannin, while the stem extract contained alkaloid, saponin, and tannin. Both extracts have potential to be a resource of anticancer phytopharmaca.

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UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT MINUMAN PROBIOTIK SIRSAK GUNUNG (Annona montana Macf.) DENGAN METODE BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)

Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian ◽

10.47492/jip.v1i5.174 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

pp. 941-948

Author(s):

Ambar Fidyasari ◽

Sentot Joko Raharjo ◽

Melani Setyowati

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Experimental Methods ◽

Test Method ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Lc50 Value ◽

A Value ◽

Acute Toxic

Soursop fruit (Annona montana Macf.) is one of the plants can be used as as traditional medicine. This plant contains terpenoid and acetogenin which can cause toxicity. The fruit has a flavor that is tasteless so the innovation becomes probiotic drinks. This drink has been proven as an antioxidant, antibacterial, antihyperuricemia and antidiarrheal. The aim of this study was to know about acute toxicity of probiotic drink of soursop juice using brine shrimp lethality test method which will be indicated by LC50 value. This study used experimental methods conducted in the Laboratory of Farmakoknosi. There are several variations in concentration in this study, namely 10000 ppm, 20000 ppm, 30000 ppm, 40000 ppm, 50000 ppm, 60000 ppm, 70000 ppm, 80000 ppm and replication was done 3 times with total number of test animals used was 270. The results showed that probiotic drink of soursop juice can provide acute toxic effects on test animals with LC50 value of 29717,23 ppm. LC50 values indicate that the mountain soursop probiotic drink is not potentially toxic because it has a value of >1000 ppm.

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Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of the Methanol Extract of Urtica Crenulata

Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2872 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 169-177

Author(s):

M. A. Rahman ◽

M. S. Rana ◽

M. M. Zaman ◽

S. A. Uddin ◽

R. Akter

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Free Radical ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽

Stem Extract

The antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of methanol extract of Urtica crenulata (syn: Laportea crenulata Gaud) stem has been investigated in the present study. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the Urtica crenulata methanol extract were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay method, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the plant extract (500 μg/disc) was also carried out by disc diffusion technique. Stem extract showed DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging effect compared with ascorbic acid. IC50 value of ascorbic acid and stem extract was found 14.72 μg/ml and 1468.9 μg/ml, respectively. In antibacterial experiment, Urtica crenulata stem extract showed 8, 14 and 10 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, respectively and 9 and 8 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus but no activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus. In brine shrimp lethality assay, the LC50 value of the extract was found 104.0 μg/ml, which indicates that the extract has high cytoxic effect. The present study demonstrates that methanol extract of Urtica crenulata stem has significant cytotoxic effect. The extract also showed some moderate antibacterial and minimum significant antioxidant effects. Keywords: Urtica crenulata; Antioxidant; Antibacterial; Cytotoxic; BHT. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2872 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 169-177 (2010)

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Phytochemicals, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Potential Study of Tinospora cordifolia

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i3330952 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 77-84

Author(s):

Anik Barua ◽

Md. Rabiul Hossain ◽

Labonno Barua ◽

Abu Sadat Md. Sayem ◽

Md. Zainul Abedin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Property ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Tinospora Cordifolia ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Cytotoxic Potential ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽

Stem Extract

Aims: Tinospora cordifolia is a herb used in the traditional folk medicine due to their health benefits. Studies reported the biochemical composition and some biological properties of the plant stem. The aim of the current study was to investigate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties from the extract of Tinospora cordifolia stem. Place and Duration of Study: The study was accomplished by eleven months in the Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Bangladesh. Methodology: Presence of phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins, saponins were evaluated. Antimicrobial activity of the stem extract was assayed separately using an agar diffusion method against some gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The cytotoxic potential of the stem extract was evaluated by the Brine-Shrimp Lethality Assay mathod. Results: The zone of inhibition formed by the methanolic extract in the antimicrobial assays was significant. In addition, cytotoxicity of the extract was found to be significant as compared to the standard gallic acid in Brine-Shrimp lethality assay. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia may possess significant antimicrobial property which requires more studies to isolate the specific bioactive compound for developing a new antimicrobial agent from this plant.

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Uji Toksisitas dengan Metode BSLT dan Analisis Kandungan Fitokimia Ekstrak Daun Soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC) dengan Metode Soxhletasi

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jm.2.2.2013.3000 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 115 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Arter Dein Muaja ◽

Harry S. J. Koleangan ◽

Max R. J. Runtuwene

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Toxicity Assay ◽

Percentage Mortality ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas dari ekstrak daun soyogik menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dan menentukan kandungan fitokimia daun soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC). Ekstrak dibuat dengan cara soxhletasi menggunakan pelarut metanol. Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan larva udang Artemia salina Leach yang berumur 48 jam. Efek toksik ekstrak diidentifikasi dengan presentase kematian larva udang menggunakan analisis probit (LC50). Kandungan fitokimia meliputi fenolik, flavonoid dan tanin. Penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun soyogik bersifat toksik (LC50: 35,4 ppm). Kandungan senyawa fenolik (128 ppm), flavonoid (44,4 ppm), tanin (86,75 ppm).The aims of this research were to determine the toxicity of soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC)leaf extract using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) and the content of its compounds. The extraction was carried out by soxhletation using methanol. Toxicity assay used Artemia salina Leach larvae of 48-hours age. Toxic effects of the extract were identified by the percentage mortality of shrimp larvae using probit analysis (LC50). Leaf extract was furthertested to phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents. The results showed soyogik leaf extract was toxic (LC50: 35,4 ppm). The content of phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin compounds were 128 ppm, 44,4 ppm and 86,75 ppm, respectively.

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TOXICITY TEST (LD-50) of HERBAL PREPARATIONS Nepenthes ampularia AS The STANDARD of SECURITY of JAMU HYPERTENSION

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/748/1/012029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 748 (1) ◽

pp. 012029

Author(s):

Mardhiana ◽

Abdul Rand ◽

K Harlinda

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Death Rate ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Water Safety ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Herbal Preparations

Abstract The excavation of the potential utilization of herbs as a plant biopharma or as a material to manufacture. There is empirical evidence that Nepenthes has been used as a lowering of hypertension by taking a decoction of its pitchers. For the use and utilization as a medicinal plant need to be done research that refers to the scientifically certified Jamu. The research aims to detect acute toxic effects so that can be obtained the water safety overview Nepenthes pitchers. The toxicity test was carried out by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), Artemia salina larva with four extract concentrations (0, 10, 500, 1000 ppm). Based on the results of toxic tests showed that the death rate of A. salina at all levels of concentration is 0 deaths. It is evidence that Nepenthes ampularia is not toxic to A. salina..

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Toxicity Testing Of White Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Fruit Extracts Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method As A Candidate Of Anti-Cancer Drug

Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary ◽

10.20473/jbmv.v10i2.31810 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Ferian Firnanda ◽

Eduardus Bimo Aksono Herupradoto ◽

Kadek Rahmawati ◽

Rochmah Kurnijasanti ◽

Mohammad Sukmanadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Test Method ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Pomegranate Fruit ◽

Punica Granatum L

This research aimed to determine the effects of toxic white pomegranate fruit extract (Punica granatum L) against larvae of brine shrimp (Artemia salina Leach) indicated LC50 values below 1000 µg/ml. This study is purely experimental by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The study was divided into seven groups, namely ethanol extract of white pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L) with a concentration of 31,25; 62,5; 125; 250; 500; 1000 µg/ml and negative control (seawater). Mortality data percentage of Artemia salina Leach analyzed by probit analysis. Results showed that the extract of white pomegranate fruit extract (Punica Granatum L) has a toxic effect with LC50 values of 248,6 µg/ml calculate from probit analysis. From these results, it can conclude that white pomegranate extract is toxic to larval shrimp (Artemia salina Leach) with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method which means white pomegranate extract has the potential to be an anticancer drug.

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Uji Fenolik Dan Toksisitas (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) Ektrak Methanol Daun Benalu Duku Hijau (Dendrohtoe pentandara (L.) Miq) Dan Merah (Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser)

Talenta Conference Series Science and Technology (ST) ◽

10.32734/st.v2i1.319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 84-87

Author(s):

Rini Hardiyanti ◽

Lamek Marpaung ◽

I Ketut Adnyana ◽

Partomuan Simanjuntak

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Test Results ◽

Cytotoxic Potential ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Phenolic Extract ◽

Toxicity Effects

Uji fenolik ekstrak dilakukan dengan menggunakan FeCl 3 untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa fenolik dari daun benalu duku hijau (Dendrophthoe pentandara (L.) Miq) dan daun benalu duku merah (Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser) serta efek toksisitas telah diamati dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Daun benalu duku diekstrak hingga diperoleh ekstrak methanol. Hasil pengujian ekstrak methanol menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak benalu duku hijau dan merah mempunyai potensi sitotoksik terhadap larva udang dengan nilai LC 50 masing-masing 13.95 ppm dan 22.37 ppm. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun benalu duku hijau (Dendrophthoe pentandara (L.) Miq) bersifat lebih toksik dibandingkan ekstrak daun benalu duku merah (Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser). Phenolic extract test was carried out using FeCl 3 to determine the content of phenolic compounds from parasite leaves of green duku (Dendrophthoe pentandara (L.) Miq) and red duku parasitic leaves (Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser) and the toxicity effects that have been observed using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The parasitic leaves were extracted to obtain methanol extract. The test results of methanol extract showed that the extracts of green and red duku parasites had cytotoxic potential against shrimp larvae with LC 50 values of 13.95 ppm and 22.37 ppm respectively. These results indicated that the parasite leaves extract in green duku was more toxic than the extract of the red leaves parasite.

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Toxicity effects of some heavy metals on the growth of alga Scenedesmus dimorphus

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.8.2.234-242 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 234-242

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Cell Number ◽

Total Cell ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Total Cell Number ◽

Toxicity Effect ◽

Scenedesmus Dimorphus ◽

Toxicity Effects

The toxicity effect of some heavy metals (Lead, Cadmium, Copper, and Zinc) on the growth of alga Scenedesmus dimorphus which belongs to the Division of Chlorophyta was studied and depended on the total cell number . The growth rate and doubling time were also calculated accordingly in present of absent of the the heavy metals . There were differences in toxic effects of the metals (p

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Skrining Senyawa Sitotoksik dari Ekstrak Daun, Bunga, Buah, Batang dan Akar pada Tumbuhan Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum.L) Terhadap Larva Artemia salina Leach dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay

SCIENTIA : Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan ◽

10.36434/scientia.v6i1.44 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 66

Author(s):

Ema Ratna Sari ◽

Arsa Nova ◽

Lita Sahitri Lita Sahitri

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Preliminary Test ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Cytotoxic Compound ◽

A Value ◽

Red Color ◽

Compound Screening

Research has been done on cytotoxic compound screening extract of leaf, flower, fruit, stem and roots in Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum.L) against larvae of Artemia Salina Leach) by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay Method. Phytochemical preliminary test showed that Senduduk leaf contained flavonoids, tannins and saponins, flower contained flavonoids, fruit contained flavonoids and saponins, stem and root contained steroidal compounds and terpenoids. Of the 200 grams of leaves, flowers, fruits, stems and roots of plants we obtained fresh senduduk condensed ethanol extract respectively 17.62 grams (8.81% w/w); 13.69 grams (6.845% w/w); 13.66 grams (6.83% w/w); 8.11 grams (4.05% w/w) and 7.27 grams (3.63% w/w). From the cytotoxic test conducted on five samples, it seems that greatest toxicity was showed by fruit extract with a value of LC50 was 89.947 ppm. The content of the chemical that is thought to have antioxidant activity in fruit extracts are flavonoids, which in phytochemical test showed a red color in Sianidin Test.

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TOKSISITAS SENYAWA Β-SITOSTEROL DAN EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG AGLAIA

Jurnal Insan Cendekia ◽

10.35874/jic.v5i1.493 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Riky Riky

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Toxic Effect ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Test Method ◽

Natural Materials ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Methanol Extracts ◽

Isolated Compound

Pacar cina (Aglaia odorata Lour) is a plant that is widely used as an traditional medicine because of natural materials they contain. The study aims to from Pacar cina extracts and toxicity test of each extract and isolated compound by BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method. The method used in the maceration. In this study, the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol extracts and β-sitosterol compound showed toxic effect (LC50 261,17; 110; 266,75 and 100 μg/mL, respectively). The toxicity degree among the three extracts and isolated compound is β-sitosterol > ethyl acetate > n-hexane > methanol.

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