METABOLISM OF AMINO ACIDS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-142
Author(s):  
Selma E. Snyderman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Pathologic State

There has not as yet been widespread application of the large amount of information which has been accumulating in the field of metabolism of amino acids. There are several ways in which this information could be utilized. Both the prevention and treatment of kwashiorkor might be efficiently accomplished by the supplementation of existing diets with the specific amino acids in which they are deficient. A study of the requirements and of the patterns of excretion of amino acids in various disease states might demonstrate either a qualitative or quantitative difference in requirements of amino acids produced by the pathologic state. Lastly, it is quite possible that a study of metabolism of amino acids in as yet unexplained syndromes might reveal hitherto unrecognized metabolic aberrations.

scholarly journals CALCIUM SALTS OF AMINO ACIDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN ANIMALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
D. V. Lopatik ◽  
U. D. Kovalenko ◽  
Z. I. Kuvaeva ◽  
E. A. Manchik
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone Tissue ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone

Results of the study of the drug from calcium salts of amino acids (calcium diglycinate, calcium di-L-prolinate) on the model of osteoporosis in animals are described. The test substance was found to have better therapeutic effect in the regeneration of bone tissue in comparison with the drug containing calcium carbonate. The drug containing calcium salts of glycine and L-proline can be used for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Quantum Dots—Assisted 2D Fluorescence for Pattern Based Sensing of Amino Acids, Oligopeptides and Neurotransmitters

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Zabadaj ◽  
Patrycja Ciosek-Skibińska
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
High Quantum Yield ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Broad Absorption ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Decay Times ◽  
Proof Of Principle

Quantum dots (QDs) are very attractive nanomaterials for analytical chemistry, due to high photostability, large surface area featuring numerous ways of bioconjugation with biomolecules, usually high quantum yield and long decay times. Their broad absorption spectra and narrow, sharp emission spectra of size-tunable fluorescence make them ideal tools for pattern-based sensing. However, almost always they are applied for specific sensing with zero-dimensional (0D) signal reporting (only peak heights or peak shifts are considered), without taking advantage of greater amount of information hidden in 1D signal (emission spectra), or huge amount of information hidden in 2D fluorescence maps (Excitation-Emission Matrixes, EEMs). Therefore, in this work we propose opposite strategy—non-specific interactions of QDs, which are usually avoided and regarded as their disadvantage, were exploited here for 2D fluorescence fingerprinting. Analyte-specific multivariate fluorescence response of QDs is decoded with the use of Partial Least Squares—Discriminant Analysis. Even though only one type of QDs is studied, the proposed pattern-based method enables to obtain satisfactory accuracy for all studied compounds—various neurotransmitters, amino-acids and oligopeptides. This is a proof of principle of the possibility of the identification of various bioanalytes by such fluorescence fingerprinting with the use of QDs.

Evaluation of mechanical arterial properties: clinical, experimental and therapeutic aspects

2001 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary E. MCVEIGH ◽  
Paul K. HAMILTON ◽  
David R. MORGAN
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Measurement Tools

Ageing and disease states associated with an increase in cardiovascular events alter the physical characteristics of blood vessel walls and impair the pulsatile function of arteries. An accumulating body of evidence indicates that impaired pulsatile function of arteries provides important prognostic and therapeutic information beyond that provided by traditional blood pressure measurements. A variety of techniques are currently employed to evaluate the mechanical properties of arteries. All techniques have theoretical, technical and practical limitations that impact on their widespread application in the clinical setting and use as measurement tools to improve cardiovascular risk stratification. A detailed discussion of these issues forms the basis of this review.

scholarly journals Highly expressed proteins prefer less informative amino acids

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Zhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Interacting Proteins ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Information Processing Perspective

AbstractThe transcriptional and translational systems are essentially information processing systems. However, how to quantify the amount of information decoded during expression remains a mystery. Here, we have proposed a simple method to evaluate the amount of information transcribed and translated during gene expression. We found that although proteins with a high copy number have more information translated, the average number of bits per amino acid is not high. The negative correlation between protein copy number and bits per amino acid indicates the selective pressure to reduce translational errors. Moreover, interacting proteins have similar bits per residue translated. All of these findings highlight the importance of understanding transcription and translation from an information processing perspective.

scholarly journals Current Status of Metabolomic Biomarker Discovery: Impact of Study Design and Demographic Characteristics

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tolstikov ◽  
A. James Moser ◽  
Rangaprasad Sarangarajan ◽  
Niven R. Narain ◽  
Michael A. Kiebish
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Human Phenotype ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Widespread application of omic technologies is evolving our understanding of population health and holds promise in providing precise guidance for selection of therapeutic interventions based on patient biology. The opportunity to use hundreds of analytes for diagnostic assessment of human health compared to the current use of 10–20 analytes will provide greater accuracy in deconstructing the complexity of human biology in disease states. Conventional biochemical measurements like cholesterol, creatinine, and urea nitrogen are currently used to assess health status; however, metabolomics captures a comprehensive set of analytes characterizing the human phenotype and its complex metabolic processes in real-time. Unlike conventional clinical analytes, metabolomic profiles are dramatically influenced by demographic and environmental factors that affect the range of normal values and increase the risk of false biomarker discovery. This review addresses the challenges and opportunities created by the evolving field of clinical metabolomics and highlights features of study design and bioinformatics necessary to maximize the utility of metabolomics data across demographic groups.

scholarly journals Effects of Lysine on Ammonia Formation, Hydrogen Ion, and Potassium Ion Balance: A Review and an Hypothesis

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack I Zweig
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Ion Balance ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Dibasic Amino Acids ◽  
Ammonia Formation

Abstract Evidence is assembled that lysine acts as an intracellular hydrogen ion acceptor, causing increased ammonia formation and increased potassium excretion in certain disease states. It is suggested that other intracellular dibasic amino acids may have the same effects.

Pharmacogenomics and Cardiovascular Disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-197
Author(s):  
Emily K. Dornblaser ◽  
Craig P. Worby ◽  
Daniel Alan Brazeau
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Medications ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

Cardiovascular disease is one of the most prevalent disease states in the U.S. and contributes substantially to overall morbidity and mortality. The ability to effectively optimize the treatment of cardiovascular disease has a significant impact on overall disease prevention and treatment. This chapter discusses the relationship between genetic variations and their impact on medications used for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Key medications that are susceptible to genetic variation have been identified. The chapter describes the mechanisms by which genetic variation may contribute to altered medication concentrations or effects and briefly reviews the place in therapy for the cardiovascular medications. In addition, this chapter reviews current clinical literature to determine the overall impact these variations may have on clinical outcomes.

Amino Acid Handbook

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1163
Author(s):  
SAMUEL J. FOMON
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
General Field

As indicated by the title, the book is strictly a reference work and will be primarily useful to individuals working in the general field of chemistry and metabolism of amino acids. The emphasis on technology and factual material, rather than on reiteration of controversial interpretations of available data, has allowed the authors to encompass a surprising amount of information in a book of modest size. The first portion of this handbook deals primarily with chemical, microbiologic and, especially, chromatographic methods of analysis of amino acids.

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