scholarly journals The dependence of the technosols models functional properties from the primary stratigraphy designs

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Zhukov ◽  
K. Maslikova
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Natural Soils

In the present article the assumption that the design of the soil-like artificial body in zero-moment of existence determines the dynamics and trajectory of soilforming process was tasted. It was shown that an important aspect of the experiment is the search criteria that you can perform evaluation of the functional properties of the generated structures depending on their organization. The study of the water infiltration dynamics from the soil surface is highlyinformative non-destructive testing for evaluating the properties of the soil body. Studies showed that technosols as artificial creation have fundamental differences between the natural soils for which the classic Philip equitation was proposed. Technosoils are porous, but heterogeneous formations. The process of filtering in technosols is not laminar, periods of smooth water infiltration is outbreak by disastrous water absorption. To simulate this process it was showed that the better results may be obtained due to originally modified Philip equitation. Specific constant C describes the dynamics of the infiltration process the early stages of the experiment and is a specific indicator for technosols. In natural soils this constant is zero. The sorptivity of the pedozems was reveled to be depended from the underlying layer. Organic components contribute to the formation of aggregate most of which is water resistant. Such for- mations smooth density variation of clay soil resulting from swelling and shrinkage processes that can maintain stable structure of the pore space. As a result, the soil after phytomeliorative rotation gets such features as reduced infiltration rate, but increased level of filtration. The artificial mixture of clay has significant waterproof properties, which ultimately can lead to complete discontinuance of water absorption by technosols. Waterproof properties of soil may increase the risk of water erosion of technosols. For technosoils structural change of the pore space state are inherent in contact with water because hydrolabile units of their structure. Accordingly, during the infiltration process there are significant changes in the course of the rate of filtration of water.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO COMPORTAMENTO HIDROGEOLÓGICO DAS FORMAÇÕES GEOLÓGICAS EM UMA VERTENTE DA SERRA DO GANDARELA: RIO ACIMA, MG

e-xacta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fernanda Bárbaro Franco ◽  
Sidney Portilho ◽  
Juliana Batista de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Important Region ◽  
Quadrilátero Ferrífero ◽  
Water Recharge ◽  
Belo Horizonte

<p><em>A Serra do Gandarela apresenta uma das maiores reservas hídricas do Quadrilátero Ferrífero e seus aquíferos são de extrema importância para as áreas de drenagens das bacias hidrográficas ali presentes. Possui grande grau de conservação, belezas naturais e uma grande biodiversidade. É uma região que abriga várias espécies vegetais endêmicas e a canga, afloramentos ferruginosos, que é um dos sistemas ecológicos mais ameaçado do Brasil. Esse artigo visa trabalhar a relação entre os solos, coberturas de superfície da Serra do Gandarela e o comportamento hidrológico dos mesmos, demonstrando a capacidade de campo, armazenamento de água, e as taxas de infiltração de água de cada ponto amostrado. Dos três pontos selecionados dois apresentaram bons resultados quanto à recarga hídrica. O primeiro ponto por apresentar um sistema lento de infiltração e percolação e o segundo ponto por infiltrar grande quantidade de água. O terceiro ponto apresentou uma taxa de infiltração menor, por possuir a textura da parte cimentante da matriz coluvionar (argilo – arenosa), o que interferiu negativamente no processo de infiltração. Relacionando todos os pontos com os respectivos resultados verifica-se que a Serra do Gandarela é uma região importante para o processo de recarga hídrica da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. </em></p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p><em>Serra do Gandarela presents one of the biggest hydric stock of the Ferriferous Quadrangle and its aquifers are of utmost importance for draining areas of these existing watersheds.It has a great conservation degree, natural beauties, a great biodiversity. It's a region wich shelters several vegetal endemic species and the « canga », ferruginous outcrops, which is one of the most endangered ecological systems in Brazil. <br /> This article aims to work the relationship between the soil surface, covers the Serra do Gandarela and the hydrological behavior of the same, demonstrating the field capacity, water storage,and water infiltration rates of each chozen location. Of the three selected points two showed good results as to water recharge. The first point by presenting a slow infiltration and percolation system and the second point for infiltrating large amount of water. The third point presented a lower infiltration rate by having the texture of the cementitious matrix of the colluvial (clayey - sandy) which negatively interfere with the infiltration process. Listing all the points with the results it appears that the Serra do Gandarela is an important region for the water refilling process of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte.</em></p>

Infiltration Characteristics of Topsoil in Reclamation Farmland Filled with Yellow River Sediment

2014 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 498-501
Author(s):  
Fang Shao ◽  
Dong Wen Liu ◽  
Shu Jiang ◽  
Zhi Yong Qiao ◽  
Shan Lin
Keyword(s):  
River Sediment ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
First Year ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The Third ◽  
Yellow River Sediment ◽  
And Control

Infiltration is an important indicator of water and nutrient holding capacity of soil. Lap infiltration apparatus was used to measure vertical water infiltration process in the third year of Yellow River sediment filling reclamation. Five infiltration models were selected to fit the infiltration characteristic curves, analyzed the infiltration experimental results during 3 years of reclamation. The results showed that, the mean initial infiltration rate and mean stable infiltration rate of filling farmland in the third year were 17.06mm/min and 2.38mm/min, and were 8.81mm/min and 0.99 mm/min higher than that of the first year, 3.58mm/min and 0.39mm/min higher than that of the second year. It indicated that, infiltration rate of filling farmland increased significantly after cultivation due to the farming practices and roots development, and the role of soil microorganisms and small animals. Filling farmland has some self-recovery capabilities. In addition, Kostiakov model has better fitting effect than Mezencev model for both filling farmland and control farmland.

scholarly journals Mapping Water Infiltration Rate Using Ground and UAV Hyperspectral Data: A Case Study of Alento, Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2606
Author(s):  
Nicolas Francos ◽  
Nunzio Romano ◽  
Paolo Nasta ◽  
Yijian Zeng ◽  
Brigitta Szabó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Spatial Uncertainty ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Hyperspectral Sensor

Water infiltration rate (WIR) into the soil profile was investigated through a comprehensive study harnessing spectral information of the soil surface. As soil spectroscopy provides invaluable information on soil attributes, and as WIR is a soil surface-dependent property, field spectroscopy may model WIR better than traditional laboratory spectral measurements. This is because sampling for the latter disrupts the soil-surface status. A field soil spectral library (FSSL), consisting of 114 samples with different textures from six different sites over the Mediterranean basin, combined with traditional laboratory spectral measurements, was created. Next, partial least squares regression analysis was conducted on the spectral and WIR data in different soil texture groups, showing better performance of the field spectral observations compared to traditional laboratory spectroscopy. Moreover, several quantitative spectral properties were lost due to the sampling procedure, and separating the samples according to texture gave higher accuracies. Although the visible near-infrared–shortwave infrared (VNIR–SWIR) spectral region provided better accuracy, we resampled the spectral data to the resolution of a Cubert hyperspectral sensor (VNIR). This hyperspectral sensor was then assembled on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to apply one selected spectral-based model to the UAV data and map the WIR in a semi-vegetated area within the Alento catchment, Italy. Comprehensive spectral and WIR ground-truth measurements were carried out simultaneously with the UAV–Cubert sensor flight. The results were satisfactorily validated on the ground using field samples, followed by a spatial uncertainty analysis, concluding that the UAV with hyperspectral remote sensing can be used to map soil surface-related soil properties.

scholarly journals Distribution of Water Infiltration Rate in Ciliwung Watershed

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Irfan Budi Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Soil Permeability ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The City

Floods in Jakarta showed that the Ciliwung watershed and surrounding areas in critical condition. More than 50 % of land cover Ciliwung watershed is residential. Planting trees in residential areas have been insufficient to infiltrate as much water into the ground. Infiltration well is one possibility for absorbing water in residential areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the variation in the level of water absorption Ciliwung watershed and surrounding areas. The method used is overlaying analysis of the factors that determine the rate of water infiltration with geographic information system. Each of these factors gave weights and scores to obtained variations Ciliwung water infiltration rate. The results showed that the regions with the highest levels found in the upper catchment area and the city of Bogor, middle absorbtion water area was in Bogor Regency, low water absorption areas in Depok , South Jakarta , and East Jakarta . While in North Jakarta, Central Jakarta and West Jakarta the water absortion is very low level due to the shallow ground water level and very low soil permeability. Map variations in water absorption can be used as a material consideration for determining the locations of recharge wells effectively.

scholarly journals Управління функціональними властивостями моделей техноземів за допомогою первинної стратиграфії насипок

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.P. Maslikova
Keyword(s):  
Pore Space ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Mechanical Impedance ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Rock Layer ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
University Science ◽  
Properties Of Soil

<p><span lang="EN-US">The article examines the hypothesis that the structure of the </span><span lang="UK">soil-like </span><span lang="EN-US">body in zero-point of its existence directs the dynamics and trajectory of soil formation. To test the hypothesis at the Dnepropetrovsk State Agricultural and Environmental University science satiation the field experiment was laid out lizymetres, each contain a constructive combination of rock or chornozem-like mass. It is shown that the design of the </span><span lang="UK">soil-like </span><span lang="EN-US">body in zero-point of its existence controls the dynamics and trajectory of soil formation. Philip equation was modified to more suitable simulate the infiltration process in tehnozems which allows to accurately describe the water absorption process at the infiltration and filtration stages. The nature of the underlying rocks located at a certain depth impacts significantly on the process of soil formation within the whole soil profile. Underlying rock layer regulates the processes of the tehnozems contact with the environment, as well as determining the intensity profile migration of moisture and dissolved salts. The presence of water resistant biogenic origin aggregates smoothes the varying density clay soils resulting from swelling and shrinkage processes that can maintain stable structure of the pore space. As a result, the soil after reclamation phase gets such features as reduced infiltration rate, but increased level of filtration. Optimal values of sorptivity and filtering corresponds closely with relevant properties of soil that can be investigated using indicators of the soil mechanical impedance. Uniformity preparation and impermeable aggregate structure determines the optimal functional modes of the tehnozemes.</span></p>

scholarly journals Using Reflectance Spectroscopy and Artificial Neural Network to Assess Water Infiltration Rate into the Soil Profile

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naftali Goldshleger ◽  
Alexandra Chudnovsky ◽  
Eyal Ben-Dor
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Pls Regression ◽  
Artificial Neural

We explored the effect of raindrop energy on both water infiltration into soil and the soil's NIR-SWIR spectral reflectance (1200–2400 nm). Seven soils with different physical and morphological properties from Israel and the US were subjected to an artificial rainstorm. The spectral properties of the crust formed on the soil surface were analyzed using an artificial neural network (ANN). Results were compared to a study with the same population in which partial least-squares (PLS) regression was applied. It was concluded that both models (PLS regression and ANN) are generic as they are based on properties that correlate with the physical crust, such as clay content, water content and organic matter. Nonetheless, better results for the connection between infiltration rate and spectral properties were achieved with the non-linear ANN technique in terms of statistical values (RMSE of 17.3% for PLS regression and 10% for ANN). Furthermore, although both models were run at the selected wavelengths and their accuracy was assessed with an independent external group of samples, no pre-processing procedure was applied to the reflectance data when using ANN. As the relationship between infiltration rate and soil reflectance is not linear, ANN methods have the advantage for examining this relationship when many soils are being analyzed.

Research on Soil Infiltration Law of Different Landues Types in Jinsha River Dry-Hot Valley

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3867-3871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Qin Liu ◽  
Nan Jun Lang ◽  
Ke Qin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Jinsha River ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
The Waste Land ◽  
Waste Land ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

This article takes four different slope lands as the experimental points in Jinsha River dry-hot volley. The double-rings method is adopted to illustrate the soil moisture infiltration characteristics in four different landuse types. The results show that different landues types have obvious differences in soil infiltration capability among four different patterns of landuse. Arbor forest behaved the best infiltration capability and wasteland the worst; the average infiltration and the steadily infiltration attains 1.67mm/min and 0.5mm/min respectively during the first 120min of soil water infiltration process in arbor forest; the rate of whatever the average infiltration or the steadily infiltration express the same regulation: the arbor forest is a little higher than the shrub land, the grassland, than the waste land; the moisture infiltration rate in different landuse types can all be thoroughly defined through the Horton equation; Water infiltration is affected by the soil bulk density. With the bulk density increasing, the steady infiltration rate decreases. And the two are at an exponential function.

scholarly journals Predicting the infiltration characteristics for semi-arid regions using regression trees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Sihag ◽  
Munish Kumar ◽  
Saad Sh. Sammen
Keyword(s):  
Input Parameter ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration ◽  
Tree Methods

Abstract The study of infiltration process is considered as essential and necessary for all hydrology studies. Therefore, accurate predictions of infiltration characteristics are required to understand the behavior of subsurface flow of water through the soil surface. The aim of the current study is to simulate and improve the prediction accuracy of infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration of soil using regression tree methods. Experimental data recorded with a double ring infiltrometer for 17 different sites are used in this study. Three regression tree methods: Random tree, Random forest (RF) and M5 tree are employed to modelling the infiltration characteristics using the basic soil characteristics. The performance of the modelling approaches is compared in predicting the infiltration rate as well as cumulative infiltration, obtained results suggest that performance of RF model is better than other applied models with coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.97 & 0.97, root mean square error (RMSE) = 8.10 & 6.96 and mean absolute error (MAE) = 5.74 & 4.44 for infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration respectively. RF model is used to represent the infiltration characteristics of the study area. Moreover, parametric sensitivity is adopted to study the significance of each input parameter in estimating the infiltration process. Results suggest that time (t) is the most influencing parameter in predicting the infiltration process using this data set.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis of infiltration process and hydraulic properties in soil and rock profile in the Taihang Mountains, North China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiansheng Cao ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Yong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Rock Structure ◽  
Discontinuous Rock ◽  
Seepage Properties ◽  
Unsaturated Seepage

Abstract In this research, an experiment was conducted in the Taihang Mountains in China with a self-designed automatic soil and rock water infiltration monitoring system and a time domain reflectometry (TDR) device to analyze the infiltration process of disturbed soil and rock profile under constant head, unsaturated seepage properties and permeability coefficient of discontinuous rock masses. It was found that the infiltration process curve has an obvious fluctuation in the late stage of unsaturated seepage (after 18:00 p.m. on March 20th) which not only reflects the temporal variation of infiltration rate, but the spatial variation of rock structure. The lateral soil water of soil and rock dual-texture mainly flows in the interface of soil and rock. The infiltration rate of soil water can be as high as 2.42 × 10−4 cm/s, accounting for about 20% of the stable infiltration rate. After the water infiltrated in the lower rock layers, the water mainly stored and flowed in the fissure network in the rocks, but not completely fill the whole fissure network. Firstly, the local priority channel is adopted to infiltrate. With the increasing of rock saturation, the local priority channel will also expand and finally extend to the whole fissure network. The permeability coefficient of the soil and rock dual-texture in the study area is 1.26 × 10−3 cm/s.

scholarly journals Surface sealing and water erosion of soils with mulching in the semi-arid region of Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio F. da Silva ◽  
Thais E. M. dos S. Souza ◽  
Edivan R. de Souza ◽  
Marcelo M. Correa ◽  
Mário M. Rolim
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Surface Sealing ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Resistance To Penetration

ABSTRACT Evaluating soil sealing process of the semi-arid region of Brazil is important to describe this process and mitigate its effects. The objective of this work was to evaluate surface sealing and physical properties of the main soils of the Upper Ipanema watershed, in Pesqueira, Pernambuco state, Brazil, with the use of mulch. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications, using a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement consisted of three soil classes (abruptic Eutrophic Yellow Argissolo - AEYA, typical Eutrophic Fluvic Neossolo - TEFN, and typical Eutrophic Yellow Argissolo - TEYA), three application times of simulated rainfalls (at 0, 24, and 48 h), and two mulching conditions (with and without mulch), totaling 54 tests. Soil erosion rates, surface sealing, and resistance to penetration were evaluated. The use of mulch decreased significantly the soil water losses by 71.9% (AEYA), 62.9% (TEFN), and 41.1% (TEYA) after the first rainfall application (0 h) when compared to treatments without mulch, and promoted a higher water infiltration rate. The lowest soil resistance to penetration were found in soils with mulch. The AEYA and TEFN presented changes in porosity and migration of fine particles in the treatment without mulch. The TENF was the only soil that presented an incipient soil surface sealing layer in the treatment without mulch.

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