scholarly journals Quantitative Aspects of Evacuation of Internal Affairs Bodies Officers to the Mordovian ASSR in 1941

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-278
Author(s):  
Eduard D. Bogatyrev ◽  
Sergey V. Kistanov
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
Central State ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
State Security ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. In the face of the loss of vast territories at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, human resources, including the NKVD and the NKGB staff became the most important value, which were supposed to fight against violations of law and ensure state security in new places. The purpose of the article is to study the quantitative and qualitative composition of officers of the internal affairs and security bodies which were evacuated to the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from the Union republics of the USSR in July – October 1941. Materials and Methods. The source base of the study was made up of materials extracted from the fund of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Mordovian ASSR of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Mordovia. The methodology of the work is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency, historical-genetic and idiographic methods, as well as quantitative analysis. Results. In the course of the study data was analyzed on where the evacuated personnel of law enforcement officers came to the MASSR, as well as the dynamics of the arrival of the evacuees by months, the timing of their stay on the territory of Mordovia. Discussion and Conclusion. The Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in July – October 1941 of the Great Patriotic War deployed on its territory 1 868 officers of internal affairs and state security agencies and their family members. The largest number of officers of the internal affairs and state security bodies came from the Ukrainian SSR; in second place was the Byelorussian SSR, in third one – the Lithuanian USSR. Much smaller number of employees were evacuated to Mordovia from the Latvian, Estonian, Moldavian and Karelo-Finnish Union republics. Many officers of the internal affairs and state security bodies were evacuated to the MASSR worked together at their former places of service. It could have a positive effect on the effective work of the newly reconstructed structures in the long run. Most of the officers of the bodies stayed on the territory of the MASSR for two months, after which they were sent to new places of service.

scholarly journals Organization of Oral Advertising and Agitation in the Years of the Great Patriotic War (On Materials of North Ossetia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-373
Author(s):  
Ruslan G. Bimbasov
Keyword(s):  
Population Group ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Central State ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Party State

This author examines the activities of Soviet party-state bodies in the field of propaganda among the population in the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (North Ossetia) during the Great Patriotic War. Propaganda is effective when its message is deeply rooted in the consciousness of the population group to which it is addressed. For this reason the media and the organizations of oral propaganda of North Ossetia sought to get the most accurate information on the particular group that was called upon to fulfill wartime tasks. The author used various types of sources, including documents from the Central State Archive of the Republic of North Ossetia that are here first introduced into scientific circulation. The paper identifies the directions of party-state bodies in organizing propaganda on the territory of the republic in 1941-1945, and it assesses the degree of their effectiveness. While the outbreak of the war led to an expansion of propaganda, there was an acute shortage of specialists in various fields of life, including in propaganda work among the civilian population. The paper reveals the main methods of forming the image of the enemy by propaganda bodies and the media. The author concludes that the activities of the propaganda apparatus in the republic during the War had a direct impact on public consciousness and contributed to the consolidation of the region's population in the fight against the enemy, and to overcoming the difficulties of the War years.

scholarly journals ON THE SPECIFICS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE PLENIPOTENTIARIES OF THE STATE DEFENSIVE COMMITTEE DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (ACCORDING TO DOCUMENTS OF FEDERAL AND REGIONAL ARCHIVES)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
D. V. Repnikov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to such an important aspect of the activities of the plenipotentiaries of the State Defensive Committee during the Great Patriotic War, as conflicts of authority. Contradictions between the plenipotentiaries of the State Defensive Committee and the leaders of party, state, economic bodies at various levels, as well as between the plenipotentiaries themselves, that were expressed in the emergence of various disputes and often resulted in conflicts of authority, became commonplace in the functioning of the state power system of the USSR in the war period. Based on documents from federal (State Archive of the Russian Federation, Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, Russian State Archive of Economics) and regional (Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic, Center for Documentation of the Recent History of the Udmurt Republic) archives, the author considers a conflict of authority situation that developed during the Great Patriotic War in the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which shows that historical reality is more complicated than the stereotypical manifestations of it.

Financial Aspects of the Evacuation of Employees Internal Affairs Bodies in the Mordovian ASSR in 1941

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-394
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kistanov
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Main Task ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. The article is devoted to the financing of NKVD employees evacuated in the first year of the Great Patriotic War from the three Union Republics of the USSR to the Mordovian ASSR. Materials and Methods. Within the framework of this study, financial documents located in the Central State Archive of the Republic of Mordovia were used. When analyzing the research materials, historical-typological and historical-genetic methods were used, as well as a micro-historical approach was applied. Results. The main task set in the study is to determine the costs of financing the maintenance of evacuated employees was based on the involvement of financial reports of the internal affairs bodies of the Mordovian ASSR. The structure of the monetary maintenance of the evacuated employees was revealed, the initial documents on the basis of which monetary payments were made were determined. By dividing the evacuees into conditional groups, it was possible to consider financial costs by employee categories. The analysis of payment orders from previous duty stations also allowed us to draw important conclusions. Discussion and Conclusions. The study confirmed the social nature of the Soviet state, which sought even in the most difficult period of the Great Patriotic War to provide the families of evacuees with means to live until they returned to service. It is important to note that the employees of the internal affairs bodies were important specialists for the state, and it did everything to save these personnel, withdrawn from the attack of Germany and its allies, as much as possible.

“UNBOWED PEOPLE: FROM THE COMMON VICTORY TO THE COMMON HISTORICAL MEMORY”

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-147
Author(s):  
Vadim M. Shneider ◽  
◽  
Inna S. Kondrashova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic

The paper provides a review on the collective monograph “Unbowed рeople: from the common victory to the common historical memory”, which was prepared within the framework of the joint working group of Historians of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors of the book are historians, archivists and museum workers from Russia, Kazakh- stan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. The monograph is divided into seven chap- ters, each of them includes scientific articles, united by a common theme. In the First chapter, articles that are concerned with various sources of information about the Great Patriotic War are presented. The Second chapter includes ar- ticles studying the situation on the fronts of the war. The Third chapter unites the articles which show the situation in the occupied territories during the war. The Fourth chapter presents articles about the process of evacuation of people and industrial enterprises from the western part of the USSR to the Central Asian republics and the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The Fifth chapter brings together articles on a wide range of issues related to the rear and home front workers. The Sixth chapter includes articles, touching on the theme of rebuilding cities damaged during the war, the revival of the Soviet economy and issues associated with the system of checking prisoners of war returned to the Soviet Union after liberation. The Seventh chapter brings together the articles of researchers dedicated to the key features of the historical memory of the inhabitants of various regions of Russia and Kazakhstan. Publication of the collective monograph “Unbowed рeople: from the common victory to the common historical memory” became an important event for the historical community of Russia, Kazakhstan and other countries that were part of the USSR during the war. A distinctive characteristic of the book is a detailed and objective study of both the tragic and heroic events that influenced the course of the war. The articles indicate that the Great Patriotic War holds a special place in the memory of the inhabitants of the post-Soviet countries, because the tragedy of the war touched every family. Collective monograph “Unbowed people. From a common victory to a common historical memory” is an example of successful interaction of researchers from the post-Soviet states and it can be relevant as a schoolbook, as well as used in the preparation of courses on Russian history for students of humanitarian universities.

scholarly journals A.Sh. Kabirova (Asylgaraeva) – researcher of Tatarstan women’s contribution to Victory during the war of 1941–1945

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Valery F. Telishev ◽  
◽  
Vasil T. Sakaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Gender Aspect

The article discusses the characterization of A.Sh. Kabirova (Asylgaraeva)’s formation as a researcher at the first stage of her academic biography. The paper shows the scholar’s contribution to the study of the problems of the the Great Patriotic War social history, primarily its gender aspect. The process of writing and defending A.Sh. Kabirova’s Ph.D. dissertation on the topic “Women of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945” is depicted. A description of the significant work accomplished by the researcher is given and its features are indicated. The article was written based on personal memoirs and materials preserved in V.F. Telishev’s personal archive. The paper presents serious work conducted by researcher A.Sh. Kabirova to collect and study information about the place and role of Tatarstan women in the main areas of economic, social, and cultural life of the republic and their involvement at the front of the Great Patriotic War. The significance of this dissertation and the monograph “Women of Tatarstan at the Front and in the Rear”, which was published later on its basis, in developing research of the history of the Tatar republic in the warf period is emphasized.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF THE SUPPLY OF PARTISANS AND UNDERGROUNDERS OF THE CRIMEA WITH THE HELP OF AVIATION IN 1941-1944

2022 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Вячеслав Александрович Иванов
Keyword(s):  
North Caucasus ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The North ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Military Command ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Military

Статья посвящена проблеме анализа материально-технического обеспечения в годы Великой Отечественной войны партизан и подпольщиков Крыма, которая недостаточно изучена в отечественной историографии. На основе вводимых в научный оборот неопубликованных материалов из фондов Государственного архива Республики Крым автор исследует причины, побудившие Совет Народных Комиссаров Крымской АССР и военное командование Северо-Кавказского фронта организовать помощь «народным мстителям». В статье рассмотрены основные мероприятия Крымского обкома ВКП(б) по оказанию помощи антифашистскому сопротивлению: подготовка баз снабжения, авиационной техники, летного состава, подвоз продовольствия, организация аэродромов. Акцентируется внимание на факторе содействия советских ВВС в перевозке участников разведывательно-диверсионных и подпольных организаций с баз Северного Кавказа на территорию оккупированного Крыма и в передаче секретной информации в расположение советского командования. Автор приходит к выводу, что благодаря проводимым советским руководством мероприятиям был организован мощный воздушный мост между Северным Кавказом и партизанскими базами Крыма. Это позволило обеспечить партизан и подпольщиков Крыма необходимыми запасами продовольствия, медикаментов, оружия, боеприпасов в переломный момент Великой Отечественной войны. The paper is devoted to the problem of analyzing the material support during the Great Patriotic War of the partisans and underground fighters of the Crimea, which has not been sufficiently studied in Russian historiography. On the basis of unpublished materials from the funds of the State Archives of the Republic of Crimea introduced into scientific circulation, the author examines the reasons that prompted the Council of People’s Commissars of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and the military command of the North Caucasian Front to organize the help for the “people’s avengers”. The publication discusses the main activities of the Crimean Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks to provide assistance to the anti-fascist Resistance: the preparation of supply bases, aircraft, flight personnel, the supply of food, the organization of airfields. Attention is focused on the factor of assistance of the Soviet Air Force in the transportation of members of reconnaissance, sabotage and underground organizations from the bases of the North Caucasus to the territory of the occupied Crimea, and in the transfer of classified information to the location of the Soviet command. The author arrives at the conclusion that thanks to the measures carried out by the Soviet leadership, a powerful air bridge was organized between the North Caucasus and the partisan airfields of the Crimea. This made it possible to provide the partisans and underground fighters of the Crimea with the necessary supplies of food, medicines, weapons, ammunition at the turning point of the Great Patriotic War.

scholarly journals Od internacjonalnej do własnej historii – mniejszość białoruska w Polsce

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 190-211
Author(s):  
Wojciech Śleszyński
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
World War ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania

From international history to one’s own history – Belorusian minority in PolandAfter World War II the Belarusians who did not leave Poland could gain upward mobility only if they avoided displaying their national and cultural distinctiveness. Belarusians made a political choice which coincided with a vision of history and thus accepted a historical narrative spread by communist circles. The narrative constructed by the Belarusian minority was consistent with the officially proclaimed state ideological narrative. It contained mostly the history of the Communist Party of Western Belarus and described a difficult situation of Belarus in the Second Polish Republic and during World War II (especially the Great Patriotic War).The Belarusian community made first attempts to rebuild the current vision of the world in 1980–1981. Students tried to create an alternative historical narrative that contradicted the communist one. However, it was a gradual collapse of the communist system that became an impetus for more active development of the Belarusian minority in Poland, and consequently, the creation of its own national vision of history. The Belarusian heritage has been based on the Belarusian People's Republic and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and not, as it was in the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus or after 1994, on the Republic of Belarus and the victory in the Great Patriotic War.  Od internacjonalnej do własnej historii – mniejszość białoruska w PolscePozostała w Polsce po II wojnie światowej społeczność białoruska uzyskała możliwość awansu społecznego pod warunkiem nieeksponowania swojej narodowej i kulturowej odrębności. Białorusini, dokonując wyboru politycznego, pokrywającego się z wyborem wizji historii, akceptowali obraz dziejów prezentowany przez środowiska komunistyczne. Konstruowany przez mniejszość białoruską przekaz historyczny zgodny był z oficjalnie głoszonym państwowym przekazem ideologicznym. Dominowały treści o historii Komunistycznej Partii Zachodniej Białorusi, o trudnej sytuacji białoruskiej w II RP i w latach II wojny światowej, ale z naciskiem położonym jedynie na okres Wielkiej Wojny Ojczyźnianej.Pierwsze próby przebudowy dotychczasowej wizji świata przez społeczność białoruską zostały podjęte w latach 1980–1981. Zwłaszcza środowiska studenckie próbowały stworzyć alternatywę dla dotychczasowego skomunizowanego, białoruskiego przekazu historycznego. Jednak dopiero stopniowy upadek systemu komunistycznego stał się impulsem do coraz bardziej aktywnego rozwoju mniejszości białoruskiej w Polsce, a co za tym idzie także kreowania własnej, narodowej wizji dziejów. Fundamentem, na którym budowana była pamięć o dziedzictwie, stało się odwoływanie się do Białoruskiej Republiki Ludowej i Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego, a nie, jak to miało miejsce w Białoruskiej Socjalistycznej Republice Sowieckiej czy po 1994 r. w Republice Białoruś, zwycięstwa w Wielkiej Wojnie Ojczyźnianej.

UZBEKISTAN'S ASSISTANCE TO THE BATTLE-FRONT DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Il'khomzhon M. Saidov ◽  
◽  
Rakhima I. Saidova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Soviet Central Asia

The article considers the contribution of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic to the victory in the Great Patriotic War. During the war, thousands of Soviet Uzbekistan’s citizens went to the battle-front, but the participation of the Republic in the war does not end there. The agricultural sector of Uzbekistan tried to make up for the losses of acreage and livestock suffered by the Soviet Union in the first year of the war. A number of Uzbekistan’s enterprises were urgently converted to the production of military goods. Production at factories evacuated to Soviet Central Asia was developing at a rapid pace on the territory of the Republic. Not only skilled personnel, but also volunteers took part in the construction of new factories, plants, and hydroelectric power stations. The authors emphasise that during the war, there was a significant transformation of the Republican economy: the share of industry in the volume of production in the national economy of Uzbekistan increased from 50 to 80%, and the share of heavy industry from 14.3 to 52.4%. In September 1940, 141.6 thousand workers and employees were employed in the Republic’s industry, while in 1945, it was 196.2 thousand. The share of women employed in industrial production increased significantly (from 34.0% in 1940 to 63.5% in 1945). More than 23 thousand young citizens of Uzbekistan aged 14–17 became workers during the war and replaced professionals who had gone to the battle-front. When assessing the contribution of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic to the Great Victory, the authors note that the labour feat of the Republic’s citizens caused its transformation into a reliable arsenal of the battle-front against fascism.

scholarly journals Composition of the Council of Ministers of ASSR at a time of reform of 1985–1991: changes and main features (on the example of Mordovia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
E. N. Bikeykin ◽  
P. S. Uchvatov
Keyword(s):  
Central Committee ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
Central State ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Supreme Council ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
First Session

In the article the senior management of the regional executive and administrative authority as an example of the supreme body of State governance of an autonomous republic the Council of Ministers of the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is considered. The changes in the Council of Ministers in the last years of the existence of the USSR is analyzed. The reforms initiated by the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee M.S. Gorbachev affected practically all sectors of society, including the functioning of public administration. Meanwhile, the system of power in Mordovia had some peculiarities, largely associated with the conservatism and external cohesion of the regional elites, which have had to respond to processes in the country at the same time. In the chronological period selected in the article, there were two compositions of the Council of Ministers, which were formed on March 15, 1985 at the first session of the MASSR Supreme Council of the 11th convocation and on April 10, 1990 at the first session of the MASSR Supreme Council of the 12th convocation. The authors provide information about age, social origin, nationality, educational level, tenure for members of the MASSR Government. In preparing the article, materials from the funds of the Central State Archives of the Republic of Mordovia, the regional press, published memoirs of participants in the events, as well as biographical information about the Soviet, Party and economic leaders from open sources were used.

Resettlement Processes in the Ukrainian SSR during the Holodomor (1932–34)

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-99
Author(s):  
Olesia Rozovyk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Power ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Federative Socialist Republic

This article, based on archival documents, reveals resettlement processes in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1932–34, which were conditioned by the repressive policy of the Soviet power. The process of resettlement into those regions of the Soviet Ukraine where the population died from hunger most, and which was approved by the authorities, is described in detail. It is noted that about 90,000 people moved from the northern oblasts of the Ukrainian SSR to the southern part of the republic. About 127,000 people arrived in Soviet Ukraine from the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR) and the western oblasts of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). The material conditions of their residence and the reasons for the return of settlers to their previous places of inhabitance are described. I conclude that the resettlement policy of the authorities during 1932–34 changed the social and national composition of the eastern and southern oblasts of Ukraine.

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