scholarly journals The Gosplan Automated Planning System as a Necessary Step Toward the Nationwide Automated Data Processing and Control System (NACS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-409
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Safronov
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Automated Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right ◽  
National Information

Introduction. Given the ongoing digitalization of public administration, the Soviet experience in introducing computer-aided planning warrants more research with regard to overcoming departmentalism in creating supra-institutional (national) information systems. Based on the Russian State Archive of the Economy funds, interviews with the planners and Soviet economics literature, this paper examines the reasons behind the creation of the Automated Planning System which was meant to serve as a necessary intermediate step toward the National Information System (NACS). Materials and Methods. Through the lens of the institutional economics and actor-network theory, this research explores the inter-institutional struggle for the right to supervise the creation of the new instrument for the national economic planning. Results. A vast body of Soviet literature on the Automated Planning System and the archival documents from the Russian State Archive of the Economy was compiled and analyzed alongside with the interviews conducted with the chairmen of the Main Computing Centre of the Gosplan (V. B. Bezrukov, V. V. Kossov, Y. M. Urinson) and its other employees. It enabled the author to reconstruct the history of the ASPR, describe its architecture (key blocks and functions) and trace the political struggles over the computerization of the nationwide planning system. Discussion and Conclusions. This research improves upon the historiographic narrative on the NACS as a completely unimplemented project and offers an explanatory model for the Gosplan tactics which proved most effective in the competition for the right to run the nationwide administration system. ASPR is regarded as an interim solution crucial for suppressing the bureaucratic opposition. As the Gosplan institutional system, it allowed for the exclusion of other institutions from the creation process while the conceptual shift from a single system to a unified one turned all the opponents aspiring to have their information systems into observers. At the later stage, when ASPR had been launched, the Gosplan used the obtained results to insist on linking up other systems to build the OGAS with the ASPR at its core.

scholarly journals Greeks in Azerbaijan: epochal look at history and modernity

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Ilyas Huseynov
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
State Archive ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Football Team ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
The Creation

In modern political science and social sciences, interest in cross-cultural research in the framework of various scientific methodologies is growing. The article is devoted to the study of one of the most pressing problems of our time, which is of great interest to Azerbaijan and Greece. This article describes in detail the historical situation in which the Greeks were forced to settle in the Caucasus. The article discusses the main reasons for the creation of the first Greek settlements in Azerbaijan. The author in a broad context considers the activities of the Greeks in Azerbaijan. The article analyzes the main reasons for the unification of the Greeks of Azerbaijan, and the creation of the Greek Philanthropic (charity) society. Moreover, the article focuses on the activities of the theater group "Evripidis", operating in this society. It should be noted that the football team "Embros" (Forward) was a source of pride for the Greeks living in Baku. The article also mentions the repression and mass arrests of the "Father of the Nations" against the Greeks. At the same time, it is emphasized that, as a result of Stalin’s policy, the Greeks living in Baku were resettled in the deserts of Kazakhstan in difficult conditions. The article analyzes the political motives of the resettlement of Greeks from Azerbaijan. At the same time, a large place in the article is devoted to the recollections of Azerbaijani Greeks forced to resettle in inhuman conditions. Documents and their photographs from the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History and from the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History on the resettlement of the Greeks, and according to the NKVD Directive No. 50215 of December 11, 1937, protocols No. 46, 61, 91 of the sentences of the Greeks living in the Azerbaijan SSR were first presented the scientific community of our country. The article also analyzes the integration of the Greeks into Azerbaijani society and their contacts with the multicultural environment of Azerbaijan. The article also discusses the activities of the Greek community "ARGO", created by the Greeks living in the country after the restoration of independence of Azerbaijan.

scholarly journals FROM THE HISTORY OF THE CREATION OF THE “OSSETIAN-RUSSIAN-GERMAN DICTIONARY” BY V.F. MILLER

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л.К. ГОСТИЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Clear Idea ◽  
Creative Team ◽  
Selection Of

Особое место в научном наследии Всеволода Федоровича Миллера занимает работа над составлением осетинско-русско-немецкого словаря. Издание словаря в 3‑х томах со- стоялось уже после смерти ученого в 1927‑1934 гг. Этому событию предшествовал долгий кропотливый труд, в который был вовлечен большой творческий коллектив едино- мышленников из представителей осетинской интеллигенции. Публикуемые выдержки из переписки Миллера и Г. В. Баева дают ясное представление о проделанной работе. Письма, охватывающие период с 1891 г. по 1908 г., извлечены из фондов Российского государственного архива литературы и искусства (РГАЛИ) и Научного архива СОИГСИ. Подборка материалов из переписки позволяет проследить ход работы над «Осетинско-русско-немецким словарем» в указанное время, выяснить участие в его составлении Г. В. Баева, И. Т. Собиева, У. В. (Цоцко) Амбалова, А. З. Кубалова и др. Несомненный интерес для истории научного осетиноведения имеют сведения, которые Миллер сообщает Баеву. Они свидетельствуют об изменениях, которые вносились в структуру словаря, об этапах подготовки его к печати. Ученый подробно инструктировал работавших над словарем: просил обращать внимание на важность записи оригинальных фольклорных текстов, а не переводов; использовать научную транскрипцию из первой части «Осетинских этюдов»; точно обозначать ударения в двухсложных или многосложных словах, выводить правила для ударений в склонениях и спряжениях и т.д. Материалы писем свидетельствуют о научных и организационных проблемах, с которыми сталкивались Миллер и собиратели словарного материала в Осетии. Публикуемые документы позволяют считать переписку Миллера и Баева одним из важных источников по изучению истории создания «Осетинско-русского-немецкого словаря». A special place in the scientific heritage of Vsevolod Fyodorovich Miller is compilation of the Ossetian-Russian-German dictionary. The publication of the dictionary in 3 volumes took place in 1927‑1934 after the death of the scientist himself. This event was preceded by a long and painstaking work, in which a large creative team of like-minded people from the representatives of the Ossetian intelligentsia was involved. Published excerpts from the correspondence between V. F. Miller and G. V. Baev give a clear idea of the work accomplished. The letters covering the period from 1891 to 1908 were extracted from the collections of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (RGALI) and the Scientific Archive of SOIGSI. A selection of materials from the correspondence allows to trace the progress of the work on the «Ossetian-Russian-German Dictionary» at the specified time, to clarify the participation in its compilation of G. V. Baev, I. T. Sobiev, U. V. (Tsotsko) Ambalov, A. Z. Kubalov and others. Of special interest for the history of the Ossetian studies is the information  V. Miller shared with G. Baev. This testifies to the changes that were introduced into the structure of the dictionary, the stages of its preparation for punlication. The scientist gave detailed instructions to those working on the dictionary: he asked to pay attention to the importance of recording original folklore texts, not translations; use scientific transcription from the first part of the «Ossetian Etudes»; accurately denote stresses in two-syllable or polysyllabic words, deduce rules for accentuations in declensions and conjugations, and so on. The materials of the letters testify to the scientific and organizational problems faced by V. Miller and the compilers of the dictionary in Ossetia. The published documents make it possible to consider the correspondence between V. Miller and G. Baev as one of the important sources for studying the history of the creation of the «Ossetian-Russian-German Dictionary».

scholarly journals European Comecon Members in Search of Oil Shortage Solutions: The Establishment of the Petroleum Bureau in 1973

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-210
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Glazov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Creation

This article examines attempts at multilateral cooperation between the USSR and European Comecon members which experienced a shortage of primary energy resources, in the acquisition and transportation of large volumes of oil from the developing world in the early 1970s. The paper focuses on the creation of the so-called Bureau of Petroleum, a new Comecon working body as part of the Standing Commission on Foreign Trade. This Bureau carried out its activities, which were of a closed nature, in 1973–1978. The Petroleum Bureau was created to fulfill the functions of an effective focal point of the Comecon member countries interested in jointly solving the problems of increasing oil imports from developing countries and expanding economic and technical cooperation with said countries. This is the first study dedicated to the causes and the process of creating the Bureau of Petroleum. It is based on documents of the XXV and XXVI sessions of the CMEA, the CMEA Executive Committee, the CMEA Standing Commission on Foreign Trade, as well as other materials from the CMEA fund in the Russian State Archive of Economics (RGAE). The author concludes that the creation of the Petroleum Bureau was associated with the shortage of oil at the beginning of the 1970s in the socialist countries of Eastern Europe and the nationalisation of Iraq’s oil industry adopted by the Baathist government on 1 June 1972.

scholarly journals On Emergence of Institute of Commissioners of Council for Religious Cults under the Council of People’s Commissars of the RSFSR in 1944–1945

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Zh. V. Ahmadullina
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Great Practical Importance ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Creation

The article deals with Muslim religious fi gures (imams, seyids, abyzs, muezzins, mullahs) of the Tatar Sloboda of Moscow, located in the Zamoskvorechye district, of the 17th-18th centuries. Many names and details of the life of religious fi gures are for the fi rst time described by means of use of documents of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts and the Central Historical Archive of Moscow. The Council for Religious Aff airs under the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR, created in May and June 1944, faced a number of problems from the very beginning of its work. One of them was the creation of new posts in the regions those authorized by this Council. Some of the leaders of the regions of the USSR believed that such positions were not necessary. In many respects, this attitude resulted in diffi culties in the work of the authorized representatives of this Council: delays in the allocation of specially equipped offi ces, sending on long business trips not related to the performance of duties, failure to comply with the decisions of the state leadership on the payment of salaries to the authorized representatives, which should have corresponded to their position. Despite the measures taken from the fi rst days by the leadership of the Council, relying on the leadership of the USSR, many of the problems associated with the commissioners, primarily with the staffi ng of their staff , both in quality and quantity, in the 1940s became chronic and did not were resolved during these years. In many ways, a signifi cant part of the diffi culties in the work of the commissioners arose from ignorance and failure to comply with a set of offi cial documents, including service letters and instructions. Analysis of various aspects of the activities of the authorized representatives of the Council for Religious Aff airs is not only purely theoretical, but also of great practical importance for the authorities at all levels, which interact with religious organizations in their daily work.

Penitentiary Tutors’ Activities with Muslims Prisoners. Between Uniformisation and Identity Shaping

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Urbanek
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

This article discusses securing the right to respect for one's own religion, identity, and culture. However, it confronts them with penitentiary practice in Polish organizational and legal conditions. There emerges an interesting space for analysing different tendencies to uniformize the conditions of punishment and protection of individualization. Not only are procedural issues involved, but, above all, the mentality and attitudes presented by penitentiary officers. The deliberations are focused on a kind of conflict between yielding under the demands of a different culture and the resistance of prison staff against respecting them. Presented conclusions are the results of field research among penitentiary officers in Poland, but they all start a discussion on the creation of penitentiary policy in this area, especially in countries with poor experience in working with Muslims.

"MOTHER, SHOWING NO SPECIAL AFFECTION FOR YOU, WRITES TO YOU VERY FRIENDLY". COUNT V.A. MUSIN-PUSHKIN'S PRE-WEDDING LETTERS TO HIS BRIDE

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Yuliya V. Kim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Traditional Patterns ◽  
Power Hierarchy

The article presents two letters from V.A. Musin-Pushkin which he wrote to his bride shortly before the wedding in 1828 (the letters are kept in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts). The text of the letters reflects the context of the time and everyday life, the system of views and the peculiarities of the worldview of a young aristocrat, the specific features of intra-family interaction in the field of feelings, marriage, human relations which inevitably turn out to be associated with the concepts of the family honor, family duty, the need to preserve the status of a noble family. The author traces how the power hierarchy is manifested at the level of relations within a close circle of relatives, as well as how traditional patterns are combined with new elements. Vladimir Alekseevich Musin-Pushkin, the youngest son of the archaeographer Count A.I. Musin-Pushkin, was arrested in connection with the case of the Decembrists, transferred from the Guards to the army and exiled to serve in Finland, where he met his future wife, Emilia Karlovna Shernval von Wallen. The article provides details of the family life of this married couple, as well as private facts from the biography of some other members of the Musin-Pushkin family.

‘...Insured against the tyranny of time’.Knut Hamsun’s last play and an unknown Russian film script

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-102
Author(s):  
T P. Lonngren
Keyword(s):  
Film Adaptation ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theatrical Play ◽  
Russian Film

After a short summary of the story behind K. Hamsun’s play In the Grip of Life [Livet i Vold], its plot and stage history in Russia, the article proceeds to tell about an unknown film script. Cinematic adaptations of Hamsun’s books have always dominated Norwegian literature, while none of his dramatic pieces have made it to the screen. However, a film script was uncovered, an adaptation of In the Grip of Life: a play specially written for a Russian theatre. The script was found in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, among the documents of Evgeny Sergeevich Khokhlov. Based on the history of filmmaking and relevant filmography, Khokhlov’s film script is not just the only attempt at film adaptation of a Hamsun play, but the first ever project based on a theatrical play in Russian cinematic history. Written almost 100 years ago, the script is far from perfect in the modern understanding of filmmaking; nonetheless, it has certain merits in the eyes of contemporaries. The very attempt to interpret the play by means of a nascent artistic genre may be considered a proof of its relevance to Russian audiences at the time.

‘People and good books make me happy’. Ekaterina Livshits’ letters to Aleksandr Deich and Evgenia Deich-Malkina

2018 ◽  
pp. 298-377
Author(s):  
P. M. Nerle
Keyword(s):  
Literary Critic ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Core ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Literary Process

At the core of this publication are letters written by E. Livshits (1902–1987), the widow of B. Livshits, to her close friends: literary critic A. Deich (1893–1972), whom she knew ever since her Kiev days, and his wife E. Deich-Malkina (1919–2014). Kept at the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, this epistolary collection spans over 20 years, starting from 1967. Along with accounts of private circumstances, each letter contains accounts related to B. Livshits, Osip and Nadezhda Mandelstam, I. Nappelbaum, A. Shadrin, and others. At the same time, E. Livshits’ comments and descriptions of people and literary works are very lifelike and fascinating. On the whole, the reader gets a picture of the period and certain literary process, viewed by a sophisticated connoisseur rather than squinted at by an aging disenfranchised widow of an executed writer. The publication is prefaced by P. Nerler, who collected and prepared the book of letters and reminiscences of E. Livshits, to be printed by Elena Shubina Publishers (AST).

DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR DESIGNING INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR ENERGY COMPANIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (333) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
T.B. Aldongar ◽  
◽  
F.U. Malikova ◽  
G.B. Issayeva ◽  
B.R. Absatarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Graphical Model ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Workflow Management ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Information Models ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Concept Of Information

The creation of information models requires the use of known methods and the development of new methods of formalizing the pre-design research process. The modeling process consists of four stages: data collection on the object of management - pre-project research; creation of a graphical model of business processes taking place in the enterprise; development of a formal model of business processes; business research by optimizing the formal model. To support the creation of workflow management services and systems, the complex offers methodologies, standards and specialized software that make up the developer's tools. This can be ensured only by modern automated methods based on information systems. It is important that the information collected is structured to meet the needs of potential users and stored in a form that allows the use of modern access technologies. Before discussing the effectiveness of FIM, it should be noted that the basic concept of information itself is still not the same. In a pragmatic way, it is a set of messages in the form of an important document for the system. Information can be evaluated not only by volume, but also by various parameters, the most important of which are: timeliness, relevance, value, aging, accuracy, etc. in addition, the information may be clear, probable and accurate. The methods of its reception and processing are different in each case.

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