scholarly journals Characterisation and pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocida capsular serogroup A isolates from Awassi sheep in Syria

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-496
Author(s):  
H. Al-haj Ali ◽  
B. Al Balaa
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Biochemical Characterisation ◽  
Healthy Sheep ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of serogroup A of Pasteurella multocida in Syrian Awassi sheep. Of 1630 samples collected from nasal swabs of healthy and pneumonic sheep (125 herds) and pneumonic sheep lungs, a total of 228 (13.9%) strains were isolated and identified as P. multocida subsp. multocida by phenotypic and biochemical characterisation. However, of them only 117 (51.3%) were identified as serogroup A of P. multocida when PCR assay with specific primers for serogroup A strains was applied. The highest rate of serogroup A isolation was from apparently healthy sheep (49.6%) with consideration that all lung isolates (23 isolates) belonged to serogroup A. Geographical and seasonal distribution showed that about 60% of positively isolated bacteria originated from Syrian desert (29 isolates) and central parts of semi-arid step zone (41 isolates). A significant increase (P≤0.05) in the rate of positive isolates was observed in winter as compared to spring. Pathogenicity tests of 10 isolates with 50 or 10 LD50 values showed that 5 isolates were able to induce symptoms of fowl cholera in challenge-exposed chickens indicating that migratory Awassi sheep might serve as a carrier for serogroup A of P. multocida and that ovine isolates may be virulent for local breed of chickens.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mannheimia haemolytica in Syrian Awassi sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Al-haj Ali ◽  
B. Al Balaa
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Mannheimia Haemolytica ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Healthy Sheep ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of Mannheimia haemolytica in Syrian Awassi sheep. Between 2008 and 2012, 1520 nasal swabs from pneumonic and apparently healthy sheep, and 110 pneumonic lungs samples were collected and subjected to bacteriological, biochemical and PCR assays. A total of 191 isolates (11.7%) were identified as M. haemolytica, 44 (2.7%) were M. ruminalis and 18 (1.1%) were M. glucosida. All 191 isolates of M. haemolytica gave an amplified product of 1146 bp size by PCR when lktaA primer was applied. The highest rate of M. haemolytica isolation was from pneumonic lungs tissue (21.8%) and pneumonic sheep (14.1%), and the lowest was from apparently healthy sheep (8.5%). Geographical and seasonal distribution of M. haemolytica showed that the majority of the isolates originated from sheep reared in the Syrian Desert (30%) and Euphrates basin (26.7%), and a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the rate of positive isolates in summer and winter as compared to spring. These findings indicate that M. haemolytica may play an important role in development of pneumonia in Syrian Awassi sheep, especially in eastern parts of Syria, where drought and shortage of rain hit these zones periodically.

scholarly journals Using PCR technique for diagnosis of bacterium Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from urine samples of humans and sheep

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Al-wgaa A. A.
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Sheep ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Sheep Urine ◽  
Apparently Healthy

     The aims of the current study were to determine the percentages of E.coli O157:H7 in the urinary tract infections (UTIs) of humans and in the urine of apparently healthy sheep, in addition to determine the genotype of the isolates by PCR assay. Two hundred and twenty eight urine samples were collected from young children and adult patients both sexes suffering from UTIs during a period December 2012 to the end of March 2013. And randomly collected 75 urine sample from apparent healthy sheep both sexes that were slaughtered in AL Shoela, AL Rahmanea Slaughterhouse and College of Veterinary Medicine field in Baghdad the end of February to half of April 2013.   All urine samples were incubated aerobically at 37°C for 24-48 hrs on blood agar, MacConkey agar as well as special media  and the isolates were identified  by  biochemical tests, then the isolates were confirmed diagnosed  by PCR assay. The  results showed that  humans urine samples ,8 samples were  E. coli O157:H7 positive  isolates(3.50%) ,young children expressed (4) isolates of E.coli O157:H7 as compare with  those   in adult (4 isolates)  and the percentage of this isolates in females were (2.6%) as compare with those  in males (0.87%). Also the current study demonstrated that all  isolates culturing positive  serotype of E.coliO 157:H7 were positive by PCR assay .The genes of  eaeA ,hly and Stx2 were recorded in 7,8 and  2 serotype of E.coliO157:H7 respectively. The result revealed that 21(28%) out 75 sheep urine samples were E.coli positive isolates, 13 out 75 samples were E.coli O157:H7 positive isolates. The percentage of isolates from rams urine samples was (14.66%) as it compare to those samples of ewes (2.66%).The result also was recorded that 10,13,12,4 and 3 of bacterial isolates of sheep urine samples  were carried eaeA, hlyA, hlyA plasmid,Stx1 and  Stx2 genes respectively. In conclusion the healthy sheep in Baghdad city,  harbor  shiga -toxin producing  E.coliO157:H7 in their  urinary tracts and these organism induced UTIs  associated with  renal failure in the humans and carried the same virulent genes that  reported in the sheep isolates.

PCR assay for rapid detection of Pasteurella multocida serogroup A in morbid tissue materials from chickens with fowl cholera

2004 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Shivachandra ◽  
A.A. Kumar ◽  
R. Gautam ◽  
Vijendra P. Singh ◽  
P. Chaudhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Fowl Cholera

Characterisation and comparison of avian Pasteurella multocida strains by conventional and ERIC-PCR assays

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boglárka Sellyei ◽  
Zsuzsanna Varga ◽  
Éva Ivanics ◽  
Tibor Magyar
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Host Adaptation ◽  
Muscovy Duck ◽  
Capsular Type ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Suitable Technique

Sixty-one avian strains ofPasteurella multocidawere characterised and compared by biochemical tests, capsular PCR typing and ERIC-PCR. The strains were recovered from various avian species (goose, duck, Muscovy duck, turkey, chicken and pheasant) and represented different geographic locations in Hungary. Forty-two strains (69%) were identified asP. multocidasubsp.multocidaand 19 strains (31%) asP. multocidasubsp.septica. The strains were grouped into 7 different biovars (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7). The most prevalent biovars were 1 (25%), 3 (21%) and 6 (21%). Most of the duck isolates (90%) belonged to biovar 1 or 6. The most frequent capsular type was A (93.5%). Type F represented only a small number (6.5%) of the strains. Other capsular types were not identified. From the 61 isolates 24 different fingerprint patterns were generated by ERIC-PCR assay. Based on cluster analysis the strains could be grouped into four larger and four mini-clusters that showed considerable correlation with the geographical origin and the host species. The results indicate that ERIC-PCR may be a suitable technique for studying the host adaptation ofP. multocidaand the epidemiology of fowl cholera.

Molecular Detection of Bacterial Pathogens Directly from the Nasal Swabs and Lung Tissue of Sheep and Goats

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Sunaina Thakur ◽  
Subhash Verma ◽  
Prasenjit Dhar ◽  
Mandeep Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Histophilus Somni ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Mycoplasma Spp

Respiratory infections of sheep and goats cause heavy morbidity and mortality, leading to huge economic losses. Conventional methods of diagnosis that include isolation and identification of incriminating microbes are time-consuming and fraught with logistic challenges. Direct detection of incriminating microbes using molecular tools is gaining popularity in clinical, microbiological settings. In this study, a total of 50 samples (44 nasal swabs and 6 lung tissues) from sheep and goats were screened for the detection of different bacterial species by in vitro amplification of genus or species-specific genes. Histophilus somni was detected in 2% goat samples, Trueperella pyogenes in 20% goat nasal swabs, whereas 22% goat nasal swab samples were found positive for Mycoplasma spp. None of the samples from sheep was detected positive for H. somni, T. pyogenes, Mycoplasma spp. Similarly, all samples, irrespective, whether from sheep or goats, showed negative results for Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.

scholarly journals Novel multi-strain probiotics reduces Pasteurella multocida induced fowl cholera mortality in broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rine Christopher Reuben ◽  
Shovon Lal Sarkar ◽  
Habiba Ibnat ◽  
Md. Ali Ahasan Setu ◽  
Pravas Chandra Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractPasteurella multocida causes fowl cholera, a highly contagious poultry disease of global concern, causing significant ecological and economic challenges to the poultry industry each year. This study evaluated the effects of novel multi-strain probiotics consisting of Lactobacillus plantarum, L. fermentum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, haemato-biochemical parameters and anti-inflammatory properties on broilers experimentally challenged with P. multocida. A total of 120 birds were fed with a basal diet supplemented with probiotics (108 CFU/kg) and then orally challenged with 108 CFU/mL of P. multocida. Probiotics supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth performance and feed efficiency as well as reducing (P < 0.05) the population of intestinal P. multocida, enterobacteria, and mortality. Haemato-biochemical parameters including total cholesterol, white blood cells (WBC), proteins, glucose, packed cell volume (PCV) and lymphocytes improved (P < 0.05) among probiotic fed birds when compared with the controls. Transcriptional profiles of anti-inflammatory genes including hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF) stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) and prostaglandin E receptor 2 (PTGER2) in the intestinal mucosa were upregulated (P < 0.05) in probiotics fed birds. The dietary inclusion of the novel multi-strain probiotics improves growth performance, feed efficiency and intestinal health while attenuating inflammatory reaction, clinical signs and mortality associated with P. multocida infection in broilers.

Prevalence of microorganisms associated with feline gingivostomatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Nakanishi ◽  
Masaru Furuya ◽  
Takehisa Soma ◽  
Yoshiki Hayashiuchi ◽  
Ryusaku Yoshiuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feline Herpesvirus ◽  
Positive Rate

Objectives Feline gingivostomatitis (FGS) is a painful chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of detection of certain common feline bacteria and viruses to determine any potential associations with FGS. Methods A multicentre case-control study design was conducted. In total, 72 control cats and 32 cats with FGS were included in the study. Oral swabs were cultured for bacterial identification and a PCR assay was carried out to examine the infection of feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), Chlamydia felis, Mycoplasma felis and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Results There was a significant difference in age distribution between the control and the FGS group. Based on a PCR assay, the positive rate of FCV was significantly higher in FGS cats than control animals. For other infectious pathogens, including FHV-1, C felis and M felis, there was no significant difference. Bacterial culture of oral swabs revealed that Pasteurella multocida was most frequently detected, but the detection rate was significantly lower in FGS cats. In FGS cats, the incidence of Enterococcus faecalis and anaerobic bacteria were more frequently isolated than in control cats. Conclusions and relevance This study indicates that the positive rate of FCV was significantly higher in cats with FGS, and the microflora of the oral cavity of cats with FGS might be disrupted, although additional studies are required to compare the oral microbiome in cats of a variety of ages.

scholarly journals The Current Status of Veterinary Vaccinology: A Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Teferi Mandado
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
General Information ◽  
Current Status ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Veterinary Vaccine ◽  
Other Information ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper was done starting from February 2017 to July 2017 in Jimma University College of Agriculture and School of Veterinary Medicine. The suffering of different animal species from multiple infectious agents in and around the university leads us to be conscious and enabled us to write this scientific paper which can be acts as the source of information for Veterinary vaccinology. Louis Pasteur in the 19th century demonstrated the ability to protect chickens against fowl cholera (Pasteurella multocida) and thus demonstrated the benefit of vaccination in animals and paved the way for the development of the array of veterinary vaccines which are in use today. Since Pasteur’s work, vaccination against infectious disease have been used successfully to protect animals from many serious diseases some of which were also significant risks to humans. Veterinary vaccine has a parallel way of development in research and development of vaccines in the human field vaccinology today also. Vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. Vaccine contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe or its toxins. The general information concerning veterinary vaccination such as common vaccination, common methods of veterinary vaccination, principles of vaccination; standardization of veterinary vaccines, generation of vaccine, vaccine formulation, new approaches to veterinary vaccines and few other information were roughly reviewed from scientific journals, experiment results, proceedings, reference books and manuals. The objectives of this paper are to highlight the general current information of Veterinary Vaccinology and to give specific recommendations based on the facts obtained.

scholarly journals Estimating Clinically Relevant Cut-Off Values for a High-Throughput Quantitative Real-Time PCR Detecting Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens in Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia F. Klompmaker ◽  
Maria Brydensholt ◽  
Anne Marie Michelsen ◽  
Matthew J. Denwood ◽  
Carsten T. Kirkeby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Histophilus Somni ◽  
Nasal Swabs

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) results from interactions between pathogens, environmental stressors, and host factors. Obtaining a diagnosis of the causal pathogens is challenging but the use of high-throughput real-time PCR (rtPCR) may help target preventive and therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study was to improve the interpretation of rtPCR results by analysing their associations with clinical observations. The objective was to develop and illustrate a field-data driven statistical method to guide the selection of relevant quantification cycle cut-off values for pathogens associated with BRD for the high-throughput rtPCR system “Fluidigm BioMark HD” based on nasal swabs from calves. We used data from 36 herds enrolled in a Danish field study where 340 calves within pre-determined age-groups were subject to clinical examination and nasal swabs up to four times. The samples were analysed with the rtPCR system. Each of the 1,025 observation units were classified as sick with BRD or healthy, based on clinical scores. The optimal rtPCR results to predict BRD were investigated for Pasteurella multocida, Mycoplasma bovis, Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Trueperella pyogenes by interpreting scatterplots and results of mixed effects logistic regression models. The clinically relevant rtPCR cut-off suggested for P. multocida and M. bovis was ≤ 21.3. For H. somni it was ≤ 17.4, while no cut-off could be determined for M. haemolytica and T. pyogenes. The demonstrated approach can provide objective support in the choice of clinically relevant cut-offs. However, for robust performance of the regression model sufficient amounts of suitable data are required.

scholarly journals Molecular identification by multiplex polymerase chain reaction of Pasteurella multocida in cattle and buffaloes in Baghdad

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Ihab G. M. AL-Shemmari
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Type B ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
B 31

The aim of this study was to identify pasteurella multocida and their types by PCR in cattle’s and buffaloesi bagdad from March to August 2012 on 204 animals , including 102 cattle and 102 buffaloes at slaughter houses from Baghdad .Blood samples and nasal swaps were collected , before slaughtering and lung tissues of slaughtered animal , and from 54 clinically suspected cases of pasteurellosis , including 27 bovines ,and 27 buffaloes the samples taken included blood and nasal swabs . Pasteurellamultocida were isolated from 94 animals include 49 cattle 45 buffaloes. The typing of the isolates by multiplex PCR for genotyping Pasteuerllamultocida revealed 93 isolates of type B , 31 from cattle and 62 from buffaloes ,and 81 isolates of type A , 55 from cattle and 26 from buffaloes .

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