scholarly journals Outcome of capital investment on labor productivity in agriculture sector of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Onegina ◽  
Nikolay Megits ◽  
Vitalina Antoshchenkova ◽  
Oleksandr Boblovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Machinery Export ◽  
The U.S

Ukraine's agricultural sector accounts for 17% of the country's GDP and is continuously growing. For six consecutive years (2013-2018), Ukraine harvested over 60 million tons of grain annually, and 2018 export of ag commodities reached $18.6 billion. (State, 2020).  The anticipated land reform envisions lifting the moratorium on the agricultural land sale, which should encourage capital investments in ag.  The article analyzes the trends of investment opportunities in the Ukrainian ag sector for the last decade. The regression analysis of labor productivity with variables of fixed capital-worker ratio and yield of grain confirmed that the function of labor productivity depended on the value of fixed capital per worker.  As the U.S. investment in ag machinery export to Ukraine plays a significant role, we evaluated its effect on the current level of labor productivity in the Ukrainian agribusiness, comparing it with the U.S. farming outcome.

Land reform in the Second Polish Republic

Rural History ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Marta Błąd
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Reform Implementation ◽  
Legal Foundations

AbstractWhen Poland was re-established as an independent state one hundred years ago, one of its political priorities was to implement a land reform, as the ‘agrarian question’ was an extremely sensitive socio-economic problem. In Poland at that time, two thirds of its inhabitants made their living by working in the agricultural sector. A ‘land craving’ phenomenon was notorious, as was rural poverty, especially among smallholders. On the other hand, almost half of the total area of farmland in the Second Polish Republic was held by huge landowners. The situation led to ever louder political calls for land redistribution to peasant smallholders. The Land Reform Implementation Act of 1920, and its amendment of 1925, laid legal foundations for land redistribution. By the Second World War, 2,654,800 hectares of land had undergone redistribution, as a result of which 734,100 new farms were established. However, this land reform did not achieve its goal, namely the empowering of efficient smaller farms, as quantitative analysis showed a continuing process of agricultural land fragmentation.

scholarly journals Mentorship alliance between South African established and developing farmers for sustainable agriculture sector reform

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
OO Olubode-Awosola ◽  
HD Van Schalkwyk
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
Role Players ◽  
The Government ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Corporate Business

The South African government provides access to agricultural land for people not adequately represented in the agricultural sector.  However, the government lacks sufficient funds and institutional infrastructure to provide post-settlement support to the settled developing farmers. A farmer-to-farmer mentorship programme between established and developing farm types has been identified as an institutional arrangement that could complement the government’s efforts. However, at this stage government and other role-players lack frameworks for this type of mentorship programme.This study conceptualises a complementary mentorship alliance that is loosely structured, without the complicated legal and contractual processes involved in corporate business alliances. This alliance will hopefully lead to highly committed joint ventures in the industry in the near future.  The study also provides frameworks within which the role-players could contribute to the success of mentorship programme.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN BALI PROVINCE, 2013-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Wulandira Sawitri Djelantik ◽  
Ida Ayu Listia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
National Level ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Dynamic Location ◽  
Food And Drink

The agricultural sector has a multifunctional role in the development of an area. Bali Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia that uses rural areas as a gateway to the agricultural sector that supports the tourism sector. The contribution of the agricultural sector in 2017 amounted to 13.07 percent of the GRDP of the Province of Bali, number two of the 17 sectors (the sector of providing accommodation and food and drink occupy the first position, amounting to 22.82 percent. The purpose of this study was to map the growth typology of each sector in the Province of Bali, and evaluated the performance of the agricultural sector in the Province of Bali from 2013-2017. The location of the study was conducted in the Province of Bali, carried out deliberately (purposive) with the consideration that there has been a very alarming increase in the conversion of agricultural land functions in the Province of Bali. The typology used is Klassen, LQ (Location Quotient, and DLQ (Dynamic Location Quotient). The results of this study are the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sectors in quadrant II, namely the advanced but depressed sector, as a whole is a “prospective” agricultural sector, the sector it has a basic role during 2013-2017 but this sector does not have the potential to remain a base sector because the growth rate of the agricultural sector in Bali Province is slower than the national level.

scholarly journals Policy And Implementation: Land And Agrarian Reform In South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Jason Stratton Davis
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Ecological Citizenship

In developing nations, particularly in Africa, agrarian and land reform is part of economic development. The main reason is that no country sustained a transition out of poverty without raising productivity in its agriculture sector (Timmer, 2005). This article examines the process of balancing land and agrarian reform in the agricultural sector in South Africa, where the need for social justice has to be weighed against the potential loss of agricultural production. The process has been likened to balancing deck chairs on the Titanic (Davis, 1993). In addition, the article seeks to measure the level of success achieved since 1994 and to suggest ways forward, by drawing on Brazils experience, where the process has evolved to developing ecological citizenship and agro-ecological production.

scholarly journals Introducing CSR - The Missing Ingredient in the Land Reform Recipe?

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk J Kloppers
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Business Case ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Tenure Reform ◽  
Reform Programme ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social

In reaction to the unequal land ownership brought about by decades of apartheid, the first democratically elected government embarked on an extensive land reform programme - a programme consisting of the three constitutionally protected pillars: restitution, redistribution and tenure reform. The aim of this programme is not only to provide for restitution to persons who lost their land as a result of racially based measures, but also provide previously disadvantaged South Africans with access to land in order to address the unequal land ownership. This research focuses on the restitution and redistribution pillars of the land reform programme. The progress made in terms of both these sub-programmes has been disappointing. With reference to redistribution the government has set the target to redistribute 30% of white owned commercial agricultural land to black persons by 2014. To date, less than 10% of this target has been achieved and all indications are that the overwhelming majority of land which has been redistributed is not being used productively or have fallen into a state of total neglect. The state of the redistributed land can be attributed to a variety of causes, with the main cause being the government's inability to provide proper post-settlement support to land reform beneficiaries. Against this background it is clear that alternative options have to be identified in order to improve the result of land reform. This article identifies corporate social responsibility (CSR) as one of the missing ingredients in the recipe for a successful land reform programme. The article introduces CSR and discusses the business case for CSR; identifies its benefits; considers its possible limitations; and examines the major drivers behind the notion. From the discussion of these topics it will become evident that an assumption of social responsibility by businesses in especially the agricultural sector might contribute to an improved land reform programme.

scholarly journals Building Models for Agricultural Land Fire Prediction Using Remote Sensed Environmental Data: A Case Study in Dien Bien Province, Vietnam (2003 – 2016)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu Thi Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dieu Tran ◽  
Tran Vu Khanh Linh ◽  
Thai Son Le ◽  
Trang Thanh Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Building Models

Agricultural land fires have been linked to various and adverse impacts on ecosystems, food security and the agriculture sector. Understanding the patterns and drivers of agricultural land fires is essential for effective agricultural land fire management. The key objectives of this study were to (1) analyze the temporal and spatial patterns of agricultural land fires using satellite remote sensed data, (2) assess a range of environmental conditions that could drive the occurrence of agricultural land fires, (3) determine the best model for predicting agricultural land fires and (4) determine the relative contribution of each environmental condition variable on the best predictive model. We used both univariate and multivariate regressions for the fire prediction capability of four independent environmental conditions (fuel, weather, topographic and anthropogenic). Analysis of historical satellite data revealed that agricultural land fires were more frequent than forested land fires. Our analyses also revealed that fuel condition was the most important variable for predicting agricultural land fires followed by weather, topographic and anthropogenic conditions. This study provides a novel multivariate model for predicting agricultural land fires that harbors the potential to improve agricultural land fire management and reduce fire risk within the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals REFORM IN UKRAINE. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyreitseva O. V. ◽  
Zhylin O. V.
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Long Term Impact

The article examines theoretical foundations of land reform in Ukraine. The legislation on land, rights protection of land owners, foreign experience of reforming land resources of states are analyzed. It is determined that the most important reason for the imbalance of our country's economy is the imperfection of unilateral land reform, resulting in large number of agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership and management, which use agricultural land mainly for maximum self-enrichment, while neglecting technological norms of agricultural production as well as norms of rational land use. It is determined that foreign investors, companies with the necessary knowledge and equipment, are unsure to invest in Ukraine due to imperfect legal guarantees. The favorable legal climate is needed for improvement of agricultural sector. The land issue is largely political. The experience of foreign countries, which offer the number of alternative methods, is valid, in particular, by establishing the permit procedure for the alienation of land, the preemptive right to purchase, tax levers, and so on. It is determined that results of land reform are assessed by identifying the social, economic and environmental consequences, which are considered in physical and qualitative terms. The consequences of land reform are manifested in real economy and have the long-term impact not only on it but also on life of society. Its complex nature and acute social significance require special attention to the place of urban and rural self-government, state bodies in regulating the land market and land relations in the country. Today, results of land reform are mostly assessed in terms of quantitative characteristics with qualitative changes either not considered or determined superficially.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES OF THE REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF LAND MARKET FORMATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Dmytro Nemish ◽  
Mariana Humeniuk ◽  
Ivan Balaniuk ◽  
Diana Shelenko
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Reform Implementation ◽  
Market Formation ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Logical Method

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the prospects for the development of small agricultural enterprises in view of the transformation processes taking place in the context of land market formation. Methodology of research. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study were legislative and other regulations, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on issues related to the functioning of the land market and the development of small enterprises in the agricultural sector. The following general scientific and special methods were used to achieve this goal: abstract and logical method in the formation of theoretical generalizations, assumptions, conclusions; analysis and synthesis in assessing the development of small agricultural entrepreneurship and the functioning of the land market; comparative analysis to compare economic indicators in time and space; graphic method with a visual reflection of the dynamics and structural changes in the distribution of land by ownership. Findings. The research is devoted to a topical issue concerning the prospects for the development of small agricultural enterprises in the context of land market formation. The article pays special attention to aspects of land reform implementation The social and economic preconditions of transformation of the structure of the land fund by forms of ownership are considered. The main restraining factors of agricultural land market development are highlighted. Measures of state support of small agricultural enterprises in the process of land purchase are revealed. The level of efficiency of the land market since its launch is shown. The main positive aspects and problems related to the formation of the land market are presented. The foreign experience of the influence of the land market functioning on the development of small agricultural enterprises is studied. Originality. The substantiation of the dependence of the development of small agrarian entrepreneurship on the level of development of the land market is deepened. Practical value. The implementation of the developed proposals will allow to intensify the development of small agricultural enterprises in the conditions of the land market functioning. It is established that with the support of the state, small agricultural enterprises will receive obvious advantages of development. Key words: small agrarian enterprise, land market, land, land relations, region, land reform.

scholarly journals Conceptual Bases of the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Agricultural Business in the Conditions of Land Reform Implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Movchaniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Agricultural Business

Abstract. Introduction. The structural land relations restructuring in the countryside, which in the process of land reform and collective agricultural enterprises reform during the 90s of the 20th century, was the spur for the formation and development of lease land relations in agricultural production. Despite the world’s highest level of land resources involvement in economic circulation, high soil fertility, diversity of land and resource potential, it was not possible during the Ukraine’s independence period to realize the main task of land reform, that is the transfer of land in possession of effective landowners and transforming these lands into a key determinant of economic growth. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the formation and development of organizational and legal forms of management in agricultural production in the context of land reform in Ukraine. Results. Land resources play a leading role in Ukraine’s economy as they are a working tool for the production programs implementation for the formation of food and raw materials for the processing industry. At the same time, the incompleteness of agrarian reform, limited market operations with agricultural land, lack of a consistent state policy on land use, disposal and ownership impedes investment into the agricultural sector, causing negative socio-economic consequences of the rural economy. Ukraine’s desire to restructure land relations in agriculture and to develop them in accordance with world standards, objectively led to the formation of an adequate system of land relations, primarily focused on the formation of a full-time land owner like of small and medium-sized agricultural business. Conclusions. The study of land relations development in Ukraine substantiates that the economy agricultural sector reform involves the transformation of land relations to a market type, the final stage of which should be the formation of the agricultural land market and the provision of the right to dispose of these lands to land owners. The results of the conducted studies showed that the objective need to significantly improve the state mechanism of support for small and medium enterprises in agribusiness, given, first of all, its actual absence and less competitiveness of this group of enterprises compared to large agricultural holdings.

The Application of International Resettlement Policy in African Villagization Projects

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris De Wet
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Local Autonomy

It is now widely agreed that anything less than consciously planned and implemented development for resettled people will leave them worse off. Compensation is not up to the task of restorative, let alone just, resettlement. But what happens when, as in the case of smaller scale, but widely occurring, projects involving resettlement, the "development" projects do not give rise to significant new resources, thereby effectively making resettlement with development impossible? Smaller scale villagization type projects with an agricultural/land reform/political reorganization agenda are widespread in Africa. They have been/are imposed in recurring fashion on rural areas by succeeding governments, typically involving short-range resettlement, limited capital investment and assistance, and loss of local autonomy in relation to land use. The paper provides case studies from South Africa and Zimbabwe. It will be shown how these ongoing interventions and responses have directed the developmental, social, and resettlement dynamic in the resulting settlements—as well as raising crucial implications for whether, and how, we are best to apply international resettlement policy in such situations.

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