Yield, yield components and physico-chemical characters of the ratoon crop of Iranian rice cultivars

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Jelodar
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Gel Consistency ◽  
Chemical Characters

The ratooning ability of five Iranian rice cultivars and the grain quality of the ratoon crop were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications in consecutive years from 1999 to 2001 to select promising lines for economical ratoon culture. The main crop was harvested by cutting 30 cm above the soil surface for regrowth of the second (ratoon) crop. The ratoon grain yields (kg/ha) varied greatly among the cultivars, ranging from 144.9 (Haseni) to 1472.1 (Sang-e-Tarom). In general, the ratoon crops had fewer fertile spikelets, fewer spikelets per panicle, shorter panicle length and fewer primary and secondary branches per panicle than the main crop. The gelatinization temperature and gel consistency of rice grains from ratoon crops were lower than those of the main crops. The amylose content (%) of the grains from ratoon crops varied from 23.1 (Sang-e-Tarom) to 21.4 (Dailamani).

scholarly journals Keragaan dan Kemampuan Meratun Lima Genotipe Sorgum

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merry Gloria Meliala ◽  
Trikoesoemaningtyas , ◽  
Dan Didy Sopandie
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Cultivation Technique ◽  
Vegetative Characters

<p>Ratooning can be used as an alternative cultivation technique for production of sorghum. This study was aimed to evaluate the growth and production of ratoon following the main crop. The study was conducted during August 2013 until November 2014, at Cikabayan Experimental Station, Bogor Agricultural University. The research was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed that genotypes was significantly affected the vegetative and reproductive characters, physiologycal characters of the main crop, ratooning ability, and vegetative characters of ratoon crop. Plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight, harvest time, and harvest index of main crops had significant correlation with ratooning ability. Plant height, total chlorophyll, fresh and dry weight, panicle weight, grain weight per panicle, 1,000 grain weight, harvest index, and transpiration rate of main crops had significant correlation with ratoon growth. Based on path analysis, the main crop growth directly affected ratoon height, and vegetative characters of ratoon directly affected the yield. The ratoon yielded 48.9-65.7% of the main crop yield. <br /><br />Keywords: path analysis, ratooning ability, ratoon crops<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Evaluasi Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Plasma Nutfah Sorgum (Sorghum vulgare (L.) Moench.) dari Tanaman Induk dan Ratoon

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Mamik Setyowati ◽  
NFN Hadiatmi ◽  
NFN Sutoro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Sorghum Vulgare ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Better Than

<p>Sorghum had been cultivated by farmers in certain area for a long time. It is used for food or feed and its production was relatively low. Germplasm collection have to be evaluated to obtain certain character which were important to plant breeding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ratooning ability of sorghum. Research was conducted in Cikeumeuh Experiment Station, Bogor from April-December 1999 using randomized complete block design. There were three type of maturity were studied (21 accessions, 44 accessions and 35 accessions for short, medium and long maturity, respectively). Result showed that main crop was better than ratoon crops. Grain yield of accession No. 15/226 classified as short maturity in ratoon crop, was better than main crop, but total grain yield (main and ratoon crop) was not significantly different compare to Keris M3 and ICSV 93003.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tanaman sorgum telah lama dibudidayakan petani di daerah tertentu. Sorgum dapat digunakan sebagai pangan atau pakan dan umumnya memiliki produksi relatif rendah. Koleksi plasma nutfah perlu dievaluasi untuk mendapatkan karakter tertentu yang penting untuk pemuliaan tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan ratoon dari plasma nutfah sorgum. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Instalasi Percobaan Cikeumeuh Bogor yang berlangsung pada April- Desember 1999 dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok. Umur masak tanaman sorgum yang dipelajari terdiri dari 3 kelompok umur panen (21 aksesi umur pendek, 44 aksesi umur sedang, dan 35 aksesi umur panjang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman utama lebih baik daripada tanaman ratoon. Bobot biji aksesi No. 15/226 lebih baik daripada tanaman utama, tetapi total bobot biji tanaman utama dan ratoon tidak berbeda nyata apabila dibandingkan dengan aksesi Keris-M3 dan ICSV 93003.</p>

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COMPOST DOSES ON SOIL RESILIENCE IN PALU VALLEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Danang Widjajanto ◽  
Uswah Hasanah ◽  
Imam Wahyudi ◽  
St Sukmawati ◽  
Sufyan Sufyan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Resilience

Applying organic matter to the soil surface is an effective effort to increase soil resilience in the Palu valley, which is classified as low. This study aimed to determine: 1) the effect of several doses of compost on the physico-chemical properties of the soil, 2) the correlation between the percentage of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the soil to several physico-chemical properties of the soil. The research was based on a randomized block design in a greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu. Compost uses raw materials for plantain stems (Musa textilia) and leaves of Gamal (Gliricidia sepium). The compost doses used in the experiment consisted of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% of the weight of air-dry soil, respectively. The treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that compost application significantly affected soil content weight, total porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, field capacity moisture content, percentage of organic carbon, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity. The correlation test results showed a powerful relationship between the percentage of organic carbon or total soil nitrogen to other soil physico-chemical properties observed in the experiment.

scholarly journals Daya Hasil dan Stabilitas Ratun Galur Padi pada Lahan Pasang Surut

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parlin H. Sinaga ◽  
Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas ◽  
Didy Sopandie ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Dry Milling ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Rice Genotypes

<p>The study was aimed to determine the productivity and yield stability of ratoon rice genotypes in three environments and to obtain rice genotypes suistable for ratoonning on specific environment of tidal land. The experiment was designed in a randomized complete block with three replicates. Seedling was planted at 21 days old with spacing of 20 x 20 cm, one seedling per hill. Plants were harvested 30 days after heading by cutting at a height of 10 cm from the soil surface. One day after harvest, the land was irrigated as high as 3 cm and fertilized with Urea 50 kg/ha, TSP 30 kg/ha, and KCl 25 kg/ha. Yield stability was analyzed according to Eberhart and Russel (1966). Ratoons were sensitive to the environmental changes. Genotype IPB97-F-13-1-1, IPB 4S, and IPB 3S produced the main crop + ratoon grain yield of 5.26 t/ha, 5.14 t/ha, and 5.64 t/ha dry milling grain (DMG), respectively. Based on yield of the main crop + ratoon, IPB97-F-13-1-1 and IPB 4S was each considered as adaptable to the suboptimum condition (bi&lt;1). Ratoon crop yield of genotype IPB97-F-13-1-1, IPB 4S, and IPB 3S each was the highest in three locations. The ratoon crop contribution to the rice production was from 31.3% to 61.9% to the main crop.</p>

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and genetic diversity analysis of different rice cultivars by microsatellite markers

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrzad Allhgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshdfar ◽  
Babak Rabiei
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Chemical Characters ◽  
High Level

A total of 52 rice SSR markers well distributed on 12 chromosomes were used to characterize and assess the genetic diversity among ninety four rice genotypes. The total number of polymorphic alleles was 361 alleles with the average of 5.86 alleles per SSR locus. The study revealed that some markers such as RM276 and RM5642 on chromosome 6 and RM14 and RM1 on chromosome 1 have more than 9 observed alleles compared to other primers like RM16, RM207, RM208 and RM317 with 3-4 alleles. The highest and lowest PIC values were observed for primers RM276 (0.892 and RM208 (0.423) respectively. Using Shannon?s diversity index, a mean genetic diversity of 1.641 was obtained from the analysis, indicating a high level of genetic variation among these cultivars. Cluster analysis using the complete linkage method based on jaccard similarity coefficient revealed that all genotypes were classified to nine clusters at genetic similarity level of 0.010.75, which contained 12, 16, 2, 18, 3, 6, 16, 10 and 11 varieties, respectively. Results of discriminant analysis showed that the nine cluster groups were confirmed at high levels of correct percent (96.8) and revealed true differences among these clusters. As a final result from this study, we selected eight cultivars from different cluster including Daylamani, Tarom mohali (landrace rice cultivars), RI1843046, Back cross line, RI184472, RI184421 (promising cultivars), Line 23 and IR50 (IRRI lines) as parents. All of the selected cultivars will be arranged in complete diallel design to obtain combining abilities, gene effects and heterosis for each important morphology and physico-chemical characters.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Irrigation Interval after Anthesis on Grain Quality, Alkali Digestion, and Gel Consistency of Rice

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Ramin Rayee ◽  
Tran Dang Xuan ◽  
Tran Dang Khanh ◽  
Hoang-Dung Tran ◽  
Kifayatullah Kakar
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Cooking Quality ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Gelatinization Temperature ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Gel Consistency ◽  
Alkali Digestion

The management of amylose and protein contents and cooking quality are the main challenges in rice macronutrients and quality improvement. This experiment was conducted to examine the rice grain quality, alkali digestion, and gel consistency responses to irrigation interval after anthesis. Three rice varieties (K1, K3, and K4) were subjected to different irrigation intervals (1, 2, and 3 d) after anthesis. The findings of this study showed that the protein content was markedly increased from 6.53–6.63% to 9.93–10.16%, whilst the amylose content was decreased significantly from 22.00–22.43% to 16.33–17.56% under stressed treatments at irrigation intervals, whilst the quantity of fatty acids was not affected. The 3-d irrigation interval recorded the highest protein content but the lowest amylose value. In addition, this treatment shows lower gelatinization temperature, but it is negatively associated with hard gel consistency under irrigation interval. This study highlights that the water management following a 3-d irrigation interval from anthesis is a useful and simple treatment to improve rice nutrients and grain cooking quality.

scholarly journals Evaluation of indigenous aromatic rice cultivars from sub-Himalayan Terai region of India for nutritional attributes and blast resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debayan Mondal ◽  
Prudveesh Kantamraju ◽  
Susmita Jha ◽  
Gadge Sushant Sundarrao ◽  
Arpan Bhowmik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Rice Cultivars

AbstractIndigenous folk rice cultivars often possess remarkable but unrevealed potential in terms of nutritional attributes and biotic stress tolerance. The unique cooking qualities and blissful aroma of many of these landraces make it an attractive low-cost alternative to high priced Basmati rice. Sub-Himalayan Terai region is bestowed with great agrobiodiversity in traditional heirloom rice cultivars. In the present study, ninety-nine folk rice cultivars from these regions were collected, purified and characterized for morphological and yield traits. Based on traditional importance and presence of aroma, thirty-five genotypes were selected and analyzed for genetic diversity using micro-satellite marker system. The genotypes were found to be genetically distinct and of high nutritive value. The resistant starch content, amylose content, glycemic index and antioxidant potential of these genotypes represented wide variability and ‘Kataribhog’, ‘Sadanunia’, ‘Chakhao’ etc. were identified as promising genotypes in terms of different nutritional attributes. These cultivars were screened further for resistance against blast disease in field trials and cultivars like ‘Sadanunia’, ‘T4M-3-5’, ‘Chakhao Sampark’ were found to be highly resistant to the blast disease whereas ‘Kalonunia’, ‘Gobindabhog’, ‘Konkanijoha’ were found to be highly susceptible. Principal Component analysis divided the genotypes in distinct groups for nutritional potential and blast tolerance. The resistant and susceptible genotypes were screened for the presence of the blast resistant pi genes and association analysis was performed with disease tolerance. Finally, a logistic model based on phenotypic traits for prediction of the blast susceptibility of the genotypes is proposed with more than 80% accuracy.

scholarly journals Prediction of Ratoon Sugarcane Family Yield and Selection Using Remote Imagery

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1273
Author(s):  
James Todd ◽  
Richard Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Color Indices

Remote sensing techniques and the use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) have simplified the estimation of yield and plant health in many crops. Family selection in sugarcane breeding programs relies on weighed plots at harvest, which is a labor-intensive process. In this study, we utilized UAS-based remote sensing imagery of plant-cane and first ratoon crops to estimate family yields for a second ratoon crop. Multiple families from the commercial breeding program were planted in a randomized complete block design by family. Standard red, green, and blue imagery was acquired with a commercially available UAS equipped with a Red–Green–Blue (RGB) camera. Color indices using the CIELab color space model were estimated from the imagery for each plot. The cane was mechanically harvested with a sugarcane combine harvester and plot weights were obtained (kg) with a field wagon equipped with load cells. Stepwise regression, correlations, and variance inflation factors were used to identify the best multiple linear regression model to estimate the second ratoon cane yield (kg). A multiple regression model, which included family, and five different color indices produced a significant R2 of 0.88. This indicates that it is possible to make family selection predictions of cane weight without collecting plot weights. The adoption of this technology has the potential to decrease labor requirements and increase breeding efficiency.

Assessment of genetic variability for quantitative characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under post flood situation in sali

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Dalibha Pathak ◽  
Umesh Ch. Kalita
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle

Sixteen genotypes of rice (including one check) were evaluated on 18 quantitative traits during sali (August), 2018 in a randomized block design with three replications at Instruction cum Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to study the nature and magnitude of variability, heritability and genetic advance under delayed sown condition. The analysis of variance for 18 quantitative traits revealed the presence of significant differences for grain yield and its component characters. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed for chaffs per panicle followed by grains per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), spikelets per panicle, grain yield (kg/ha). A high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height (cm), spikelets per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), chaffs per panicle, grains per panicle, grain yield (g/hill), grain yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha), straw weight (kg/ha) and harvest index (%) indicating that selection might be effective for improvement of these characters under delayed sown condition with low input. From the findings of this investigation, one genotype viz., Gandhari emerged as the outstanding genotype which yielded 4170 kg/ha and could be directly used for cultivation in delayed sown situation with low inputs. Some other promising genotypes that yielded higher than the check Manoharsali under delayed sown condition were JR 29, JR 16, Basundhara and JR 60 and could be utilized as potential parental material in the hybridization programmes designed to develop suitable rice varieties for delayed sown situation.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Distribution and Mobility in Soils after Silvicultural Thinning and Burning

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ngowari Jaja ◽  
Monday Mbila ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Silvicultural thinning and burning are common management practices that are widely used to address ecosystem problems such as tree stocking and general forest health. However, high-severity fire has variable effects on soils, resulting in damages which are directly or indirectly reflected on the trace metal chemistry of the soil. This study was conducted to evaluate the trace metal variation at the Bankhead National Forest in Northern Alabama following the silvicultural thinning and burning. The experimental site had treatments consisting of two burning patterns and three levels of thinning as part of an overall treatment of three burning patterns and three levels of thinning applied to nine treatment plots to fit a completely randomized block design experiment. Four treatments sites were used for this study and samples were collected from soil profile pits excavated at representative plots within each treatment. The samples were analyzed for trace metals-As, Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb-using Perkin Elmer 2100 ICP-OES. Post treatment samples indicated that the trace metal concentrations generally decreased with soil depth. Copper, Ni, and Zn at the Pre-burn site gradually increased with depth to a maximum concentration at about 50 cm below the soil surface. Arsenic in the surface horizons increased by 156% in the burn-only sites, 54% in the thin-only treatment, 30% for the burn and thin treatments. Such differences were unlikely due to differences in the geochemistry of the parent material, but likely due to anthropogenic activities and possibly the forest management practices in question.

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