The impact of winter wheat cultivation practices on the quality of soil and grain

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 649-651
Author(s):  
D. Šileikiene ◽  
V. Rutkoviene ◽  
J. Pekarskas
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Practices ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The effectiveness of using Metallocene fertilizers for the spray-dressing of winter wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00184
Author(s):  
Ilshat Vafin ◽  
Radik Safin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wheat Seeds

This article presents the impact assessment results for the spay-dressing of different Metallocene compound fertilizers containing chelated microelements on the yield and quality of winter wheat seeds of the Kazanskaya 560 variety. The research was carried out on the grey forest soils in the Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2017–2020. The plants were dressed with fertilizers in the autumn and the spring and summer period. In the autumn, we used the fertilizer containing manganese (Metallocene D), and in the spring and summer period (the tillering and earing stages of the winter wheat), we used the Metallocene Universal compound fertilizer with several microelements. During the research, we established that applying the manganese-containing Metallocene D in the autumn has a significant positive effect on the growth and dry biomass accumulation of the winter wheat. The dressing with Metallocene Universal during the tillering and earing stages following the application of Metallocene D in the autumn resulted in an increased/stimulated plant growth and development. The highest yield of winter wheat (3.45 t/ha or 46 % above the reference value) was obtained through the dressing of Metallocene D at a rate of 2 l/ha in the autumn, and the spraying of the plants with Metallocene Universal done twice during the spring and summer period. The autumn application of Metallocene D and the twofold application of Metallocene Universal improve the qualitative parameters of new winter wheat seeds. The use of fertilizers in questions improved the laboratory germination of the seeds and significantly reduced the root rot agent infection rate. The twofold dressing during the spring and summer period following the autumn dressing helped to suppress the most dangerous infections, such as the fusarium blight and the Helmintosporium disease, in the new seeds almost completely. The research conducted showed that Metallocene fertilizers can be successfully used to improve the production of winter wheat and seeds.

scholarly journals Stem-Base Disease in Winter Durum and Common Wheat Cultivation in the Years 2009–2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Gala ◽  
Anna Gorczyca ◽  
Andrzej Oleksy ◽  
Marek Kołodziejczyk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Significant Differentiation ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The occurrence of stem-base diseases in two cultivars of winter wheat were evaluated in a 3-year experiment, using two agrotechnology levels. The two cultivars evaluated were durum wheat of the Komnata cultivar and common wheat of the Ostka Strzelecka cultivar. The highest intensity was noted in the occurrence of two diseases of the complex, i.e. Fusarium foot rot and eyespot. The examined cultivars were characterized by a similar susceptibility to these diseases. There was an observed difference - a slightly higher susceptibility by the Komnata as opposed to the Ostka Strzelecka cultivar - but it was not significant statistically. Significant differentiation in infestation was noted for other experimental factors like cultivation season and the agrotechnology level. Intensification of the occurrence of both stem-base diseases in the experimental seasons did not affect the mean amount and quality of the yield obtained in the experiment.

scholarly journals YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN UNDER NON-MOLDBOARD SOIL TILLAGE DEPENDING ON DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERSIN THE CROP ROTATIONS OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
V.A. Lukyanov ◽  
◽  
L.B. Nitchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Row Crop ◽  
Wheat Cultivation

In modern agriculture, resource-saving technologies for cultivating grain crops and their optimization are becoming more and more relevant. The use of scientifically-based crop rotations, tillage methods and doses of mineral fertilizers allow increasing economic efficiency of winter wheat cultivation. The purpose of the research was to assess the yield and quality of winter wheat grain depending on different doses of mineral fertilizers under non-moldboard soil tillage in the crop rotations of the Central Chernozem Region. The research was carried out in 2012-2020 in a stationary multifactorial field experiment in Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center. The experimental design included the following options: Factor A – crop rotations (grain-fallow-row, grain-grass-row, grain-grass); Factor B – mineral fertilizers (without fertilizers, N20P40K40, N40P80K80 kg ha-1). The soil of the experimental site is represented by typical, medium-loamy chernozem. The paper shows that the yield of winter wheat grain in the context of non-moldboard soil tillage was higher in the grain-fallow-row crop rotation and amounted to 3.34 t ha-1. In the grain-grass-row and grain-grass crop rotations, yield decreased by 6.6 % and 10.2 %, respectively. The maximum grain yield (3.98 t/ha-1) was obtained in grain-fallow-row crop rotation with N40P80K80. An increase in fertilizers doses led to protein and gluten content increment from 12.6 to 13.3 % and from 22.8 to 25.6 %, respectively; however, the differences in crop rotations were within the limits of experimental error. The grain nature varied according to the studied factors from 708 to 735 g/l-1 and was higher in the grain-fallow-row crop rotation with a dose of mineral fertilizers N40P80K80. Despite more significant net income after increased fertilizers dose (N40P80K80), the increase in the winter wheat grain yield did not allow obtaining a higher level of profitability compared to N20P40K40. Winter wheat cultivation in grain-grass-row crop rotation with N20P40K40 was the most cost-effective. In this variant, the cost of grain was the lowest (4.92 thousand rubles t-1); the profitability, on the contrary, was the highest (103.4 %).

scholarly journals GRAIN QUALITY OF NEW WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES SELECTED BY NORTH-CAUCASUS RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL CENTER

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
N. A. Galushko ◽  
N. M. Komarov ◽  
N. I. Sokolenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The article shows the research on grain quality which was conducted at North- Caucasus Scientific Agricultural Center 2015-2017. The research explored the grain quality of new soft winter wheat varieties. The grain belongs to own selections of soft winter wheat, particularly to Sekletiya, Zernetko 1, Tsaritsa and Liniya 1517. The authors focus on indicating the impact of certain factors on high-quality grain. Batko variety was applied as a standard. The soil of the experimental plot was black soil; the climate was moderate continental. The forecrop was pure steam. Before sowing, the authors applied complex mineral fertilizers dosed N40P60K40; in spring the researchers fertilized them with ammonium nitrate dosed26 kgof ammonium nitrate per hectare. The authors observed positive correlation between nature and flour strength qualities of grain (0,7-0,8); inverse relationship between the value of natural mass and IIR values (-0,79); dough elasticity to dough extensibility (-0,88); and baking absorption parameter (-0,85). Flour strength depends on protein quantity and quality (r = 0.79). The wheat varieties have shown different values of flour strength: Liniya 1517 and Zernetko 1 correspond to good filler (282-294 a.), Sekletiya, Tsaritsa and Batko (standard) correspond to satisfactory improver (312, 332,345 a.). Tsaritsa variety formed gluten of the first group during three years under different temperatures. This indicates the prevalence of protein glutenin fraction and capacity of strong wheat improver. The authors found out high correlation coefficient of sedimentation with the amount of gluten (r = 0.81) was found. The quality of winter wheat grain was affected by the arid conditions of grain loading in 2015 and overwetting in 2017. This prevented the varieties from showing up their capacities.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PREPARATIONS IN INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY OF AGROCULTURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
О.В. ЛУКЬЯНОВА ◽  
Н.В. ВАВИЛОВА ◽  
Д.В. ВИНОГРАДОВ ◽  
А.С. СТУПИН ◽  
А.А. СОКОЛОВ
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
The Impact

Проблема и цель. Реализация биологического потенциала агрокультур при производстве продукции растениеводства в условиях неустойчивого земледелия. Цель исследований – изучить влияние комплексных препаратов, содержащих важнейшие макро- и микроэлементы, биологически активныевещества, на урожайность и качество продукции сельскохозяйственных культур. Методология. Объектами исследования в полевых опытах были регуляторы роста растений ОРГАНОСТИМ, Зеребро Агро и минеральное удобрение Грогрин микро марка: Дрип. Полевые опыты были заложены методом организованных повторений в четырехкратной повторности. Размер опытных делянок в опытах составлял 50-100 м2 , учетная площадь – 25-50 м2 . В ходе исследований отбирались образцы серой лесной тяжелосуглинистой почвы и растительных образцов сои, озимой пшеницы, картофеля, анализ которых проводили в ФГБУ «Станция агрохимической службы «Рязанская» и ФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный агротехнологический университет имени П.А. Костычева» согласно общепринятым методикам. Для оценки существенности полученных в опыте результатов осуществлялась математическая обработка урожайных и сопутствующих данных. Результаты. Результаты полевых исследований показывают, что применение биологически активных соединений на разных этапах онтогенеза способствовало усилению процессов роста и развития культурных растений и повышению сопротивляемости негативному воздействию внешней среды. Вследствие этого агрокультуры, в зависимости от варианта опыта, формировали более развитую корневую систему, вегетативные и генеративные органы, что обеспечило существенное повышение урожайности сои на 2,4-3,2 ц/га (НСР05 = 1,97 ц/га), озимой пшеницы на 3,7-5,5 ц/га (НСР05 = 2,9 ц/га), картофеля на 3,34 т/га (НСР05 = 2,91 т/га) с сохранением качества полученного урожая. Заключение. Научно-обоснованное применение биологически активных веществ оказывает стимулирующие воздействие на культурные растения, активизируя физиологические процессы на всех этапах их жизненного цикла, от прорастания семян до уборки, существенно повышая урожайность агрокультур. Оптимизация питания растений повышает их устойчивость к возбудителям болезней сельскохозяйственных культур, нивелирует воздействие неблагоприятных факторов окружающей среды, благоприятно отражается на показателях качества растениеводческой продукции. Problem and purpose. Realization of the biological potential of agricultural crops in the production of crop products in conditions of unsustainable agriculture. The purpose of research is to study the infuence of complex preparations containing the most important macro-and microelements, biologically active substance on the yield and quality of agricultural crops. Methodology. The objects of study in feld experiments were plant growth regulators ORGANOSTIM, Zerebro Agro and mineral fertilizer Grogrin mikro marka: Drip. Field experiments laid down method organized repetitions in 4-fold repetition. The size of the experimental business experiments was 50-100 m², the accounting area was 25-50 m². During the studies, samples of gray forest heavy-grained soil and plant samples of soybeans, winter wheat, potatoes were taken, the analysis of which was carried out by the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Station of the Agricultural Chemical Service" Ryazan "and FSBEI HE " Ryazan State Agrotechnological University”. To assess the materiality of the results obtained in the experience, mathematical processing of crop and related data was carried out. Results. The results of feld studies show that the use of biologically active compounds at diferent stages of ontogenesis contributed to the strengthening of the processes of growth and development of cultivated plants and increased resistance to negative environmental efects. As a result, agricultures, depending on the experience variant, formed a more developed root system, vegetative and generative organs, which ensured a signifcant increase in soybean yield by 2.4-3.2 c/ha (NSR05 = 1.97 c/ha), 3.7-5.5 c/ha (NSR05 = 2.9 c/ha) on winter wheat, 3.34 t/ha (NSR05 = 2.91 t) on potatoes, with maintaining the quality of the harvest. Conclusion. Science-based use of biologically active substances has stimulating efects on cultivated plants. Activating physiological processes at all stages of their life cycle, from seed germination to harvesting, signifcantly increase the yield of agricultural crops. Optimization of plant nutrition increases their resistance to pathogens of crop diseases, eliminates the impact of adverse environmental factors, and favorably afects the quality indicators of crop production.

scholarly journals Impact of cultivation technologies on yield and grain quality of winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. in Moscow region

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Nazih Y. Rebouh ◽  
Petr M. Polityko ◽  
Vladimir N. Kapranov ◽  
Viktor N. Fedorischev ◽  
Nina J. Garmasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Basic Technology ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The current study is aimed at evaluating the reaction of winter wheat varieties according to cultivation technologies at a different level of intensity i.e. basic, intensive and high intensive. The cultivation technologies included fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators at different combinations and concentrations. The experiment was established in order to determine the optimum conditions of winter wheat cultivation. Three winter wheat varieties were studied: Moskovskaya 40 (V1), Nemchinovskaya 17 (V2) and Nemchinovskaya 85 (V3). Yield performances and grain quality (measured through protein and gluten content) were determined according to the tested cultivation technologies. The results showed that the cultivation technology affected grain wheat productivity and quality on all varieties studied, since the highest yields were obtained using high intensive cultivation technology for all varieties studied, Moskovskaya 40 - 9.65 t/h, Nemchinovskaya 17 - 8.58 t/h and Nemchinovskaya 85 - 9.87 t/h. However, according to the basic technology, the yield was lower by 2064 %. The tested cultivation technologies demonstrated that high intensive cultivation technology increased wheat quality. The highest protein content (18 %) was recorded in Nemchinovskaya 85 variety. The present results give real opportunities for a largescale application of the tested cultivation technologies in different agricultural lands of Russia.

Assessment of the impact of growth activators from the pyridine-3-carboxamide class on the crop structure, yield and grain quality of winter wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Barchukova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the dependence of the yield and grain quality of winter wheat on the treatment of seeds with compounds 1 and 2 from the pyridine-3-carboxamides class. Compound 2 has shown itself to be of the greatest importance as a factor in increasing the yield-news and grain quality indicators.

Self-Compassion and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2097-2108
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Croft ◽  
Courtney T. Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify levels of self-compassion in adults who do and do not stutter and to determine whether self-compassion predicts the impact of stuttering on quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Participants included 140 adults who do and do not stutter matched for age and gender. All participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale. Adults who stutter also completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Data were analyzed for self-compassion differences between and within adults who do and do not stutter and to predict self-compassion on quality of life in adults who stutter. Results Adults who do and do not stutter exhibited no significant differences in total self-compassion, regardless of participant gender. A simple linear regression of the total self-compassion score and total Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering score showed a significant, negative linear relationship of self-compassion predicting the impact of stuttering on quality of life. Conclusions Data suggest that higher levels of self-kindness, mindfulness, and social connectedness (i.e., self-compassion) are related to reduced negative reactions to stuttering, an increased participation in daily communication situations, and an improved overall quality of life. Future research should replicate current findings and identify moderators of the self-compassion–quality of life relationship.

Surgery for Lung Cancer and the Consequences for the Swallow

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Pippa Hales ◽  
Corinne Mossey-Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vocal Cord Palsy ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Physiological Reserve ◽  
Palliative Phase ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Swallow Function

Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers across Northern America and Europe. Treatment options offered are dependent on the type of cancer, the location of the tumor, the staging, and the overall health of the person. When surgery for lung cancer is offered, difficulty swallowing is a potential complication that can have several influencing factors. Surgical interaction with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) can lead to unilateral vocal cord palsy, altering swallow function and safety. Understanding whether the RLN has been preserved, damaged, or sacrificed is integral to understanding the effect on the swallow and the subsequent treatment options available. There is also the risk of post-surgical reduction of physiological reserve, which can reduce the strength and function of the swallow in addition to any surgery specific complications. As lung cancer has a limited prognosis, the clinician must also factor in the palliative phase, as this can further increase the burden of an already compromised swallow. By understanding the surgery and the implications this may have for the swallow, there is the potential to reduce the impact of post-surgical complications and so improve quality of life (QOL) for people with lung cancer.

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