Thermomechanical properties of silica-polyacrylic nanocomposites

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (49) ◽  
pp. 2745-2750
Author(s):  
Adán Fuentes-Miranda ◽  
Bernardo Campillo-Illanes ◽  
Marta Fernández-Garcia ◽  
Daniel López-García
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Inorganic Particles

ABSTRACTThe synthesis of inorganic/organic nanocomposite systems, well known as hybrid materials, represents a new class of polymeric materials, which combine properties of inorganic particles, such as barrier, optical, catalytic and conductive properties, among others, with flexibility and transparency of the organic polymer matrix, being easily processable. They could be applied in a diversity of areas such as textiles, inks, adhesion, biomaterials, paints, adhesives, and electronics [1-2]. Within the inorganic materials, silica nanoparticles which present excellent properties, such as high mechanical strength, thermal and chemical stability, and high surface area, have been widely incorporated into a polymer matrix to prepare polymer/silica hybrid materials [3-4]. It is reported that the quantity and the dispersion of nano-SiO2 in the polymer matrix have a real effect on the properties of the final materials [5-6].In this work, hybrid silica/poly(butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) (SiO2/P(BA-MMA-AA)) were synthesized via in situ semi-batch emulsion polymerization. The results showed that this process was produced with high monomer conversion and low formation of agglomerates. The thermomechanical behavior of the films obtained from latexes was characterized by using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile test. The nanocomposite films displays significantly improved mechanical and thermal properties over its pure polymer film, and also presents almost the same high transparency.

scholarly journals Mitigating the Agglomeration of Nanofiller in a Mixed Matrix Membrane by Incorporating an Interface Agent

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Manh-Tuan Vu ◽  
Gloria M. Monsalve-Bravo ◽  
Rijia Lin ◽  
Mengran Li ◽  
Suresh K. Bhatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Separation ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membrane ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Separation Membranes ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Separation Membrane ◽  
Focus Ion Beam

Nanodiamonds (ND) have recently emerged as excellent candidates for various applications including membrane technology due to their nanoscale size, non-toxic nature, excellent mechanical and thermal properties, high surface areas and tuneable surface structures with functional groups. However, their non-porous structure and strong tendency to aggregate are hindering their potential in gas separation membrane applications. To overcome those issues, this study proposes an efficient approach by decorating the ND surface with polyethyleneimine (PEI) before embedding it into the polymer matrix to fabricate MMMs for CO2/N2 separation. Acting as both interfacial binder and gas carrier agent, the PEI layer enhances the polymer/filler interfacial interaction, minimising the agglomeration of ND in the polymer matrix, which is evidenced by the focus ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). The incorporation of PEI into the membrane matrix effectively improves the CO2/N2 selectivity compared to the pristine polymer membranes. The improvement in CO2/N2 selectivity is also modelled by calculating the interfacial permeabilities with the Felske model using the gas permeabilities in the MMM. This study proposes a simple and effective modification method to address both the interface and gas selectivity in the application of nanoscale and non-porous fillers in gas separation membranes.

scholarly journals Towards Low Cost and Low Temperature Capacitive CO2 Sensors Based on Amine Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamila Boudaden ◽  
Armin Klumpp ◽  
Hanns-Erik Endres ◽  
Ignaz Eisele
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Co2 Sensor ◽  
Sensing Material ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Hybrid materials based on inorganic particles and an organic polymer were developed and used as an efficient sensing material for carbon dioxide (CO2). The sensing material consists of fumed silica that is functionalized with an organic polymer, polyethylenimine, by means of the impregnation method. The organic polymer is effectively immobilized around the silica nanoparticles and confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis proves the thermal stability of the sensing material. CO2 capacitive sensors operating at temperatures lower than 70 °C were fabricated by depositing a thin layer of hybrid sensing material on interdigitated gold electrodes. Impedance spectroscopy explored the sensing capability of the hybrid organic–inorganic material towards CO2 in the presence of different relative humidity levels, as well as its stability and reversibility. This strategy to couple organic and inorganic materials as a sensing layer for CO2 paves the way for the design of a low-cost CO2 sensor.

scholarly journals Polymer-Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Composites for Potential Spacecraft Applications

2001 ◽  
Vol 706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheol Park ◽  
Zoubeida Ounaies ◽  
Kent A. Watson ◽  
Kristin Pawlowski ◽  
Sharon E. Lowther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Single Wall Carbon

AbstractPolymer-single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) composite films were prepared and characterized as part of an effort to develop polymeric materials with improved combinations of properties for potential use on future spacecraft. Next generation spacecraft will require ultra-lightweight materials that possess specific and unique combinations of properties such as radiation and atomic oxygen resistance, low solar absorptivity, high thermal emissitivity, electrical conductivity, tear resistance, ability to be folded and seamed, and good mechanical properties. The objective of this work is to incorporate sufficient electrical conductivity into space durable polyimides to mitigate static charge build-up. The challenge is to obtain this level of conductivity (10-8 S/cm) without degrading other properties of importance, particularly optical transparency. Several different approaches were attempted to fully disperse the SWNTs into the polymer matrix. These included high shear mixing, sonication, and synthesizing the polymers in the presence of pre-dispersed SWNTs. Acceptable levels of conductivity were obtained at loading levels less than one tenth weight percent SWNT without significantly sacrificing optical properties. Characterization of the nanocomposite films and the effect of SWNT concentration and dispersion on the conductivity, solar absorptivity, thermal emissivity, mechanical and thermal properties were discussed. Fibers and non-woven porous mats of SWNT reinforced polymer nanocomposite were produced using electrospinning.

scholarly journals Graphene Nanoplatelets for the Development of Reinforced PLA–PCL Electrospun Fibers as the Next-Generation of Biomedical Mats

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrica Chiesa ◽  
Rossella Dorati ◽  
Silvia Pisani ◽  
Giovanna Bruni ◽  
Laura G. Rizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Chain Mobility

Electrospun scaffolds made of nano- and micro-fibrous non-woven mats from biodegradable polymers have been intensely investigated in recent years. In this field, polymer-based materials are broadly used for biomedical applications since they can be managed in high scale, easily shaped, and chemically changed to tailor their specific biologic properties. Nonetheless polymeric materials can be reinforced with inorganic materials to produce a next-generation composite with improved properties. Herein, the role of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on electrospun poly-l-lactide-co-poly-ε-caprolactone (PLA–PCL, 70:30 molar ratio) fibers was investigated. Microfibers of neat PLA–PCL and with different amounts of GNPs were produced by electrospinning and they were characterized for their physicochemical and biologic properties. Results showed that GNPs concentration notably affected the fibers morphology and diameters distribution, influenced PLA–PCL chain mobility in the crystallization process and tuned the mechanical and thermal properties of the electrospun matrices. GNPs were also liable of slowing down copolymer degradation rate in simulated physiological environment. However, no toxic impurities and degradation products were pointed out up to 60 d incubation. Furthermore, preliminary biologic tests proved the ability of the matrices to enhance fibroblast cells attachment and proliferation probably due to their unique 3D-interconnected structure.

scholarly journals Janus nanoparticles inside polymeric materials: interfacial arrangement toward functional hybrid materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyan Yang ◽  
Katja Loos
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Hybrid Nanostructures ◽  
Interfacial Behavior ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Janus Nanoparticles

Recent advances and successes in interfacial behavior of Janus NPs at interfaces are summarized, with the hope to motivate additional efforts in the studies of Janus NPs in polymer matrix for the design of functional hybrid nanostructures and devices with engineered, desired and tailored properties for real-life applications.

Starch–PVA Nanocomposite Film Incorporated with Cellulose Nanocrystals and MMT: A Comparative Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nooshin Noshirvani ◽  
Babak Ghanbarzadeh ◽  
Hadi Fasihi ◽  
Hadi Almasi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Moisture Sorption ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nanocrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Abstract The goal of this work was to compare the barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties of two types of starch–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites. Sodium montmorillonite (MMT) and nanocrystalline cellulose were chosen as nanoreinforcements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed well-distributed MMT in the starch–PVA matrix, possibly implying that the clay nanolayers formed an exfoliated structure. The moisture sorption, solubility and water vapor permeability (WVP) studies revealed that the addition of MMT and nanocrystalline cellulose reduced the moisture affinity of starch–PVA biocomposite. At the level of 7 % MMT, the nanocomposite films showed the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) (4.93 MPa) and the lowest strain to break (SB) (57.65 %). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed an improvement in thermal properties for the starch–PVA–MMT nanocomposites, but not for the starch–PVA–NCC nanocomposites. Results of this study demonstrated that the use of MMT in the fabrication of starch–PVA nanocomposites is more favorable than that of nanocrystalline cellulose to produce a desirable biodegradable film for food packaging applications.

scholarly journals Mechanical and thermal characterization of tungsten particulate reinforced epoxy polymer composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenson Joseph. E ◽  
◽  
Kiran A.K ◽  
Panneerselvam K ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Tungsten Particle ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Wide Range

Polymer matrix composites find a wide range of industrial applications due to its unique properties like lightweight, improved strength and the properties could also be tailored to suit specific applications. In this present work, a new class of polymer matrix composites with epoxy resin as matrix and tungsten metal particles as fillers were developed. The influence of the addition of tungsten fillers on mechanical and thermal properties of the composites has been investigated. The composites are fabricated by hand lay-up method and the specimens containing tungsten particle content by 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% by weight were developed. The developed specimens were subjected to mechanical and thermal investigations. Mechanical behavior was analyzed by conducting a flexural test and hardness as per ASTM standards. Thermal behavior was analyzed by conducting Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of the developed composites. The results show that the addition of 7 wt. % filler has a higher value of flexural strength and hardness. Further addition of particulate fillers deteriorates the flexural strength and hardness due to agglomeration of filler content in the epoxy. Analysis by TGA and DSC shows that the thermal stability of composites is improved by increasing the addition of tungsten content in the epox.

The Effect of Nanocarbons on the Structural and Thermophysical Characteristics of a Polymer Matrix

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
A.P. Voznyakovskii ◽  
A.V. Smirnov ◽  
B.A. Fedorov ◽  
A.V. Esina ◽  
N.P. Boreiko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Large Angle ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Saxs Data ◽  
Polyurethane Matrix

The effect of nanocarbons of different origin – C60 fullerenes, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and, as a model, carbonised starch (PSC) – on the structure and properties of a filled and an unfilled polyurethane matrix was investigated. The nanocarbons were introduced into part of a polyurethane prepolymer and treated in an ultrasonic field. The specific surface of the fillers was determined by the method of thermal desorption of nitrogen on a Quantachrome NovaWin instrument (Quantachrome Instruments, USA). Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data obtained on an Anton Paar (Austria) diffractometer suggest a high surface roughness of the SWCNT particles (fractal dimension D = 2.9) and a low surface roughness of the C60 and PSC (D = 2.0), as well as constancy of the structural organisation of the domains of rigid blocks at distances of the order of 3 nm or less. Large-angle scattering (Bruker D2 Phaser) makes it possible to draw a conclusion concerning the preferential distribution of particles of highly dispersed nanocarbons among elements of the free fluctuation volume of the polyurethane matrix. As a consequence, these particles have no effect on the morphology of elements of the matrix. The lack of dependence of the glass transition temperature, determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC 8000, PerkinElmer), on the presence and nature of nanocarbons indicates the constancy of motion of the polymer macromolecules. Data of all these methods indicate that nanocarbon particles are distributed in the interdomain space and preferentially among areas of local stress of the polyurethane polymer matrix. This conclusion is in good agreement with the strength parameters obtained (Tinius Olsen H10KT tensile testing machine, UK): a 20–50% increase in the stress under 100 and 200% elongation and an increase of up to 80% in the tear strength.

scholarly journals Poly(ethylene Terephthalate) Carbon-Based Nanocomposites: A Crystallization and Molecular Orientation Study

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki F. Alexiou ◽  
George N. Mathioudakis ◽  
Konstantinos S. Andrikopoulos ◽  
Amaia Soto Beobide ◽  
George A. Voyiatzis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Nucleation Agent ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polarized Raman

Hybrid polymeric materials incorporating carbon nanostructures or inorganic constituents stand as a promising class of materials exhibiting distinct but also complementary features. Carbon nanotubes have been proposed as unique candidates for polymer reinforcement; however, sustained efforts are further needed in order to make full use of their potential. The final properties of the reinforced polymer are controlled in part by the morphology and the eventual molecular orientation of the polymer matrix. In the present study, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were utilized in order to reinforce polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composites. The effect of CNTs on the crystallization and the orientation of the structurally hybridized polymeric material has been investigated from the perspective of assessing their impact on the final properties of a relevant nanocomposite product. Functionalized MWCNTs were used to achieve their optimal dispersion in the polymer matrix. The physical properties of the composites (i.e., crystallinity and orientation) were characterized via differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and polarized Raman microscopy. The addition of well-dispersed CNTs acted as a nucleation agent, increasing the crystallization of the polyethylene terephthalate matrix and differentiating the orientation of both CNTs and macromolecular chains.

A Statistical Approach to the Effect of Sol-Gel Process Variables on the Physical Properties of Polymer [PLLA]-Silica Hybrid Materials for Use as Biomaterials

2002 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole C. Perry ◽  
David Eglin ◽  
Saad A.M. Ali ◽  
Sandra Downes
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Interpenetrating Networks ◽  
Silica Network ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Physical Form

AbstractHybrid poly(L-lactic acid)-silica materials for potential use in orthopaedic applications have been prepared by a sol-gel method using an experimental design approach to investigate the effect of synthesis variables separately and together on the physical form of the organic polymer. The five factors investigated were the molar ratios of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)/Poly(Llactic acid) (PLLA), Toluene/PLLA, EtOH/TEOS, Water/TEOS and HCl (catalyst)/TEOS. All other synthesis conditions were kept constant. X-Ray powder diffraction (Statton's graphical method) and differential scanning calorimetry were used to assess the extent of polymer crystallinity in the hybrid materials. In accordance with other studies, increasing the molar ratio of TEOS/PLLA lead to increasing incorporation of the organic polymer into the silica network. Increase of the toluene/PLLA molar ratio lead to an increase in the crystallinity of the polymer phase. As our studies investigated the effect of synthesis variables simultaneously it was possible to identify, for the first time, that interactions between specific reactants are important in the development of the two structural components of this hybrid system. The most important of these was the TEOS/PLLA*H2O/TEOS interaction that may indicate that silica species from hydrolysed TEOS interact with the PLLA phase possibly via hydrogen bonding and leads to the lowering of the crystalline order of the polymer The results from this study give useful information on the ability of the organic polymer and the silica phase to form interpenetrating networks, an important requirement for the generation of a potential hybrid polyester-silica biomaterial for orthopaedic applications.

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