A Soft Pneumatic Haptic Actuator Mechanically Programmed for Providing Mechanotactile Feedback

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (19) ◽  
pp. 1131-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan J. Huaroto ◽  
Victor Ticllacuri ◽  
Etsel Suarez ◽  
Robert Ccorahua ◽  
Emir A. Vela
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tangential Force ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Tangential Displacement ◽  
Vertical Deformation ◽  
Tactile Sense ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Soft Interaction

ABSTRACTTactile sense provides us with the necessary information and feedback to determined tasks. Within this context, haptic devices represent a growing and highly interesting field to be included in biomedical devices, teleoperation applications, and video games. These devices are usually developed with rigid materials, motors, and mechanisms to provide tactile feedback to individuals that corresponds to a defined task, producing pressure, tangential force or vibrations as stimuli on the skin. Here, we present a prototype of a soft pneumatic haptic device based on an inflatable hyperelastic membrane, that can provide two stimuli over skin such as pression and traction with only one input of energy. The device was fabricated using different types of silicone materials and membrane shapes. This exhibits experimentally a maximum vertical deformation of 13 mm and a tangential displacement of 10 mm at 7 kPa. These two mechanically programmed movements open the possibility of using this technology in mechano-tactile feedback for wearable devices, with low-cost hardware, soft interaction between devices and skin, and lightweight.

Hostile and Hardened? An Experimental Study on (De-)Sensitization to Violence and Suffering Through Playing Video Games

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frithjof Staude-Müller ◽  
Thomas Bliesener ◽  
Stefanie Luthman
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Physiological Measurement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
Spiral Model ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Game Violence ◽  
First Person Shooter ◽  
Physiological Reactions

This study tests whether playing violent video games leads to desensitization and increased cardiovascular responding. In a laboratory experiment, 42 men spent 20 min playing either a high- or low-violence version of a “first-person shooter” game. Arousal (heart rate, respiration rate) was measured continuously. After playing the game, emotional responses to aversive and aggressive stimuli - pictures from Lang, Bradley, and Cuthbert’s (1999) International Affective Picture System - were assessed with self-ratings and physiological measurement (skin conductance). Results showed no differences in the judgments of emotional responses to the stimuli. However, different effects of game violence emerged in the physiological reactions to the different types of stimulus material. Participants in the high-violence condition showed significantly weaker reactions (desensitization) to aversive stimuli and reacted significantly more strongly (sensitization) to aggressive cues. No support was found for the arousal hypothesis. Post-hoc analyses are used to discuss possible moderating influences of gaming experience and player’s trait aggressiveness in terms of the General Aggression Model ( Anderson & Bushman, 2001 ) and the Downward Spiral Model ( Slater, Henry, Swaim, & Anderson, 2003 ).

Glycans in scaffold design in tissue reconstruction

2021 ◽  
pp. 088391152199784
Author(s):  
Nipun Jain ◽  
Shashi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Cell Carrier ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Tissue Reconstruction ◽  
A Cell

Development of an artificial tissue by tissue engineering is witnessed to be one of the long lasting clarified solutions for the damaged tissue function restoration. To accomplish this, a scaffold is designed as a cell carrier in which the extracellular matrix (ECM) performs a prominent task of controlling the inoculated cell’s destiny. ECM composition, topography and mechanical properties lead to different types of interactions between cells and ECM components that trigger an assortment of cellular reactions via diverse sensing mechanisms and downstream signaling pathways. The polysaccharides in the form of proteoglycans and glycoproteins yield better outcomes when included in the designed matrices. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains present on proteoglycans show a wide range of operations such as sequestering of critical effector morphogens which encourage proficient nutrient contribution toward the growing stem cells for their development and endurance. In this review we discuss how the glycosylation aspects are of considerable importance in everyday housekeeping functions of a cell especially when placed in a controlled environment under ideal growth conditions. Hydrogels made from these GAG chains have been used extensively as a resorbable material that mimics the natural ECM functions for an efficient control over cell attachment, permeability, viability, proliferation, and differentiation processes. Also the incorporation of non-mammalian polysaccharides can elicit specific receptor responses which authorize the creation of numerous vigorous frameworks while prolonging the low cost and immunogenicity of the substance.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation on Auto Test Set of an Airborne Radar

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 489-492
Author(s):  
Fu Lu Jin ◽  
Yun Peng Li ◽  
Hong Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Software Design ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Airborne Radar ◽  
Automatic Test ◽  
Test Set ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Test Process

To automatic test the function and performance of an airborne radar, changeable test adapter is adopted to implement the hardware and software design of the automatic test set of the antenna, transceiver and indicator of the radar based on AT89C52. Problems such as t the different types of interfaces, the various kinds of signals and the test of microwave signal are solved successfully and the objectives of resource sharing and automatic test are realized. The test software is designed by modular structure, and with the help of automatic test set hardware, the required test items of the radar system are experimented and the test process control succeeded. Experiment results show that the automatic test set performs steadily and the results meet the requirements of the airborne radar. The set has the advantages of intelligent, manageable and reducing artificial errors. It provides effective guarantees for radars maintenance, fault diagnosis and fault detection, and has a wide application prospect with low cost.

Comparison of diffused layer prepared using liquid dopant solutions and pastes for solar cell with screen printed electrodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Drabczyk ◽  
Edyta Wróbel ◽  
Grazyna Kulesza-Matlak ◽  
Wojciech Filipowski ◽  
Krzysztof Waczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Phosphorus Oxychloride ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Solution ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Two Stages

Purpose The purpose of this study is comparison of the diffusion processes performed using the commercial available dopant paste made by Filmtronics and the original prepared liquid dopant solution. To decrease prices of industrially produced silicon-based solar cells, the new low-cost production processes are necessary. The main components of most popular silicon solar cells are with diffused emitter layer, passivation, anti-reflective layers and metal electrodes. This type of cells is prepared usually using phosphorus oxychloride diffusion source and metal pastes for screen printing. The diffusion process in diffusion furnace with quartz tube is slow, complicated and requires expensive equipment. The alternative for this technology is very fast in-line processing using the belt furnaces as an equipment. This approach requires different dopant sources. Design/methodology/approach In this work, the diffusion processes were made for two different types of dopant sources. The first one was the commercial available dopant paste from Filmtronics and the second one was the original prepared liquid dopant solution. The investigation was focused on dopant sources fabrication and diffusion processes. The doping solution was made in two stages. In the first stage, a base solution (without dopants) was made: dropwise deionized (DI) water and ethyl alcohol were added to a solution consisting of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and 99.8 per cent ethyl alcohol. Next, to the base solution, orthophosphoric acid dissolved in ethyl alcohol was added. Findings Diffused emitter layers with sheet resistance around 60 Ω/sq were produced on solar grade monocrystalline silicon wafers using two types of dopant sources. Originality/value In this work, the diffusion processes were made for two different types of dopant sources. The first one was the commercial available dopant paste from Filmtronics and the second one was the original prepared liquid dopant solution.

Heavy Fluoride Glasses as an Alternative to Crystals in High Energy Physics Calorimetry

1994 ◽  
Vol 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dafinei ◽  
E. Auffray ◽  
P. Lecoq ◽  
M. Schneegans
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Fluoride Glasses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Electromagnetic Calorimeters ◽  
Physics Experiments ◽  
Energy Physics

ABSTRACTIn the quest for low cost scintillators to equip the very large electromagnetic calorimeters for future High Energy Physics experiments, scintillating glasses can offer an attractive alternative to crystals. The expected production price is indeed supposed to be reduced as compared to crystals, especially for very large volumes. An intense R&D effort has been made by the Crystal Clear collaboration to develop heavy scintillating fluoride glasses in close collaboration with the industry. Results will be shown on the fluorescence and scintillation properties as well as on the radiation resistance of different types of fluoride glasses. Ideas about possible improvement of present performances will also be given.

scholarly journals Testing of the Possibilities of Using IMUs with Different Types of Movements

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavol Kajánek
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Inertial Measurement Units ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Measurement Units

Inertial navigation system (INS) is a self-contained navigation technique. Its main purpose is to determinate the position and the trajectory of the object´s movement in space. This technique is well represented not only as a supplementary method (GPS/INS integrated system) but as an autonomous system for navigation of vehicles and pedestrians, also. The aim of this paper is to design a test for low-cost inertial measurement units. The test results give us information about accuracy, which determine the possible use in indoor navigation or other applications. There are described some methods for processing the data obtained by inertial measurement units, which remove noise and improve accuracy of position and orientation.

scholarly journals Phosphate and Ammonium Removal from Wastewaters Using Natural-Based Innovative Bentonites Impacting on Resource Recovery and Circular Economy

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6684
Author(s):  
Miltiadis Zamparas ◽  
Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos ◽  
Marios Drosos ◽  
Vasilis C. Kapsalis
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ph Range

The research objective of the study is the estimation of a novel low-cost composite material f-MB (Fe-modified bentonite) as a P and N adsorbent from wastewaters. Τhe present study aimed at examining the phosphate and ammonium removal efficiency from different types of wastewater using f-MB, by conducting bench-scale batch experiments to investigate its equilibrium characteristics and kinetics. The SEM analysis revealed that the platelets of bentonite in f-MB do not form normal bentonite sheets, but they have been restructured in a more compact formation with a great porosity. Regarding the sorption efficiencies (Qm), the maximum phosphate sorption efficiencies (Qm) calculated using the Langmuir model were 24.54, 25.09, 26.13, 24.28, and 23.21 mg/g, respectively, for a pH range of 5 to 9. In addition, the maximum NH4+-N adsorption capacities (Qm) calculated from the Langmuir model were 131.8, 145.7, 168.5, 156.7, and 159.6 mg/g, respectively, for a pH range from 5 to 9. Another important finding of this study is that f-MB can recover P from treated wastewater impacting on resource recovery and circular economy (CE). The modified clay f-MB performed the phosphate and ammonium recovery rates of 80% and 78.5%, respectively. Finally, f-MB can slowly release the largest proportion of phosphate and ammonium ions for a long time, thus extending the application of the f-MB material as a slow-release fertilizer and soil improver.

scholarly journals Studying a multistory building with different types of bracing

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Falah Hasan ◽  
Ban Ali Kamil
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Wind Load ◽  
Multistory Building ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Story Drift

In this paper the effect of different types of bracing had been studied besides studying the effect of height of building. Two different height was studied the first one was a 6-story and 10-story. The studied types of bracing included the V, X, K, and none bracing building. The X bracing is the best type for resist high lateral load,. The building without bracing give maximum story drift and the building may be collapse due to unstability because the lateral load (wind load), the V-bracing give a little different from X-bracing with low cost and easy for construction from X-bracing, and the building is highest the X-bracing is the beast type for bracing.

scholarly journals The preliminary study of oil removal using lemon peel waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Nur Syahirah Amirah Mohd Jopery ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah ◽  
Soo Kum Yoke ◽  
Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Ocean Water ◽  
Lemon Peel ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Waste Vegetable Oil ◽  
Different Types

While the discovery of oil contributes a lot towards a country’s economy and technological development, it is also the cause for oil pollution. As such, this study proposes to use lemon peel waste as a low-cost adsorbent to manage oil pollution. For the untreated adsorbent, the lemon peels were cut into small pieces and dried under sunlight for 48 hours. Then, it was further dried in an oven for 24 hours and ground into powder. For the treated adsorbent, the lemon peels were soaked in 0.5 M of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. The adsorbent was used to adsorb different types of oil (diesel oil, lubricant oil, waste vegetable oil) and in different types of water (ocean water, lake water, tap water) with different amounts of adsorbent which is 0.2 g, 0.4 g, 0.6 g, 0.8 g, and 1.0 g for adsorbent dosage experiment. While for types of water experiment, a ratio for volume of water and oil of 3:1, and constant mass adsorbent was used. The result showed that untreated adsorbent can adsorb higher amount of oils than treated adsorbent. The oil that could be easily adsorbed using lemon peels adsorbent is diesel oil with 89.91% adsorption. For the types of water, the result changes according to different types of water and oil used. It was found that the higher the mass adsorbent, the lower the percentage of oil removal. The highest percentage of diesel oil removed in ocean water is 81.68%. While the removal of lubricant oil and waste vegetable oil in lake water is 66.6% and 72.13%, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows that treated lemon peels had small pores compared to untreated lemon peel waste. This study demonstrated and proposed that the lemon peel waste has a good potential in low-cost oil waste removal.

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