Spin Hall Effect in a Magnetic Field

2001 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Diffusion Equation ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Transverse Electric ◽  
Spin Current ◽  
Magnetic Semiconductor ◽  
Hall Voltage ◽  
Spin Polarized ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACTWhen a spin-polarized current is injected into a non-magnetic semiconductor, a transverse electric field known as Hall voltage is generated. By using a macroscopic diffusion equation, we derive the Hall voltage in the presence of both spin current and magnetic field. Novel features such as oscillating Hall signals as a function of the magnetic field and geometrical dependence of Hall signals are predicted.

PEMANFAATAN RADIASI ENERGI TEGANGAN 150 KV UNTUK LAMPU LED PENERANGAN JALAN

Jurnal Teknik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauludi Manfaluthy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Electromagnetic Signals ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Frequency Waves

WHO (World Health Organization) concludes that not much effect is caused by electric field up to 20 kV / m in humans. WHO standard also mentions that humans will not be affected by the magnetic field under  100 micro tesla and that the electric field will affect the human body with a maximum standard of 5,000 volts per meter. In this study did not discuss about the effect of high voltage radiation SUTT (High Voltage Air Channel) with human health. The research will focus on energy utilization of SUTT radiation. The combination of electric field and magnetic field on SUTT (70-150KV) can generate electromagnetic (EM) and radiation waves, which are expected to be converted to turn on street lights around the location of high voltage areas or into other forms. The design of this prototype works like an antenna in general that captures electromagnetic signals and converts them into AC waves. With a capacitor that can store the potential energy of AC and Schottky diode waves created specifically for low frequency waves, make the current into one direction (DC). From the research results obtained the current generated from the radiation is very small even though the voltage is big enough.Keywords : Radiance Energy, Joule Thief, and  LED Module.

Investigating flexible textile-based coils for wireless charging wearable electronics

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danmei Sun ◽  
Meixuan Chen ◽  
Symon Podilchak ◽  
Apostolos Georgiadis ◽  
Qassim S Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Wireless Charging ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Screen Printed

Smart and interactive textiles have been attracted great attention in recent years. This research explored three different techniques and processes in developing textile-based conductive coils that are able to embed in a garment layer. Coils made through embroidery and screen printing have good dimensional stability, although the resistance of screen printed coil is too high due to the low conductivity of the print ink. Laser cut coil provided the best electrical conductivity; however, the disadvantage of this method is that it is very difficult to keep the completed coil to the predetermined shape and dimension. The tested results show that an electromagnetic field has been generated between the textile-based conductive coil and an external coil that is directly powered by electricity. The magnetic field and electric field worked simultaneously to complete the wireless charging process.

Gas-ionizing shocks in a magnetic field

1967 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Wave Speed ◽  
Normal Velocity ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Shock Stability ◽  
The Face ◽  
Arbitrary Velocity ◽  
Flow Plane ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Ionizing shocks for plane flows with the magnetic field lying in the flow plane are considered. The gas is assumed to be electrically conducting downstream, but non-conducting upstream. Shocks whose downstream state has a normal velocity component less than the slow magneto-acoustic-wave speed and whose upstream state is supersonic are found to be non-evolutionary in the face of plane magneto-acoustic disturbances, unless the upstream electric field in a frame of reference where the gas is at rest is arbitrary. Velocity conditions are also determined for shock stability with the electric field not arbitrary.Shock structures are found for the case of large ohmic diffusion, the initial temperature rise and ionization of the gas being caused by a thin transition having the properties of an ordinary gasdynamic shock. For the case where shocks are evolutionary when the upstream electric field is arbitrary, the shock structure requirements only restrict the electric field by limiting the range of possible values. When shocks are evolutionary with the electric field not arbitrary, they can only have a structure for a particular value of the electric field. Limits to the current carried by ionizing shocks and the effects of precursor ionization are discussed qualitatively.

scholarly journals Chiral Magneto-Electrochemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Kumar ◽  
Prakash Mondal ◽  
Claudio Fontanesi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Spin Accumulation ◽  
Chiral Molecules ◽  
Electrochemical System ◽  
Ferromagnetic Electrodes ◽  
Spin Polarized ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Research Domain

Magneto-electrochemistry (MEC) is a unique paradigm in science, where electrochemical experiments are carried out as a function of an applied magnetic field, creating a new horizon of potential scientific interest and technological applications. Over time, detailed understanding of this research domain was developed to identify and rationalize the possible effects exerted by a magnetic field on the various microscopic processes occurring in an electrochemical system. Notably, until a few years ago, the role of spin was not taken into account in the field of magneto-electrochemistry. Remarkably, recent experimental studies reveal that electron transmission through chiral molecules is spin selective and this effect has been referred to as the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. Spin-dependent electrochemistry originates from the implementation of the CISS effect in electrochemistry, where the magnetic field is used to obtain spin-polarized currents (using ferromagnetic electrodes) or, conversely, a magnetic field is obtained as the result of spin accumulation.

scholarly journals Mapping of steady-state electric fields and convective drifts in geomagnetic fields – Part 1: Elementary models

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. M. Walker ◽  
G. J. Sofko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Magnetic Field Line ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Field Models ◽  
Spatial Derivatives ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract. When studying magnetospheric convection, it is often necessary to map the steady-state electric field, measured at some point on a magnetic field line, to a magnetically conjugate point in the other hemisphere, or the equatorial plane, or at the position of a satellite. Such mapping is relatively easy in a dipole field although the appropriate formulae are not easily accessible. They are derived and reviewed here with some examples. It is not possible to derive such formulae in more realistic geomagnetic field models. A new method is described in this paper for accurate mapping of electric fields along field lines, which can be used for any field model in which the magnetic field and its spatial derivatives can be computed. From the spatial derivatives of the magnetic field three first order differential equations are derived for the components of the normalized element of separation of two closely spaced field lines. These can be integrated along with the magnetic field tracing equations and Faraday's law used to obtain the electric field as a function of distance measured along the magnetic field line. The method is tested in a simple model consisting of a dipole field plus a magnetotail model. The method is shown to be accurate, convenient, and suitable for use with more realistic geomagnetic field models.

Magnetostrictive Self-Diagnosing Smart Bolts

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Sevostianov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Rock Bolts ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Bending Loading ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The paper presents the concept of self-diagnosing smart bolts and its experimental validation. In the present research such bolts are designed, built, and experimentally tested. As a key element of the design, wires of Galfenol (alloy of iron and gallium) are used. This material shows magnetostrictive properties, and, at the same time, is sufficiently ductile to follow typical deformation of rock bolts, and is economically affordable. Two types of Galfenol were used: Ga10Fe90 and Ga17Fe83. The wires have been installed in bolts using two designs — in a drilled central hole or in a cut along the side — and the bolts were tested for generation of the magnetic field under three-point bending loading. To measure the magnetic field in the process of deformation, a magnetometer that utilizes the GMR effect was designed, built, and compared with one utilizing the Hall effect. It is shown that (1) magnetic field generated by deformation of the smart bolts at the stress level of plastic deformation is sufficient to be noticed by the proposed magnetometer; however, the magnetometer using Hall effect is insufficient; (2) Ga10Fe90 produces higher magnetic fields than Ga17Fe83; (3) the magnetic field in plastically bended bolts is relatively stable with time.

scholarly journals Non-magnetic generating electricity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Induced Current ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Scientific Cognition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Directional Movement ◽  
Voltage Generation ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract In the past scientific cognition, changes in the magnetic field produce electric field, so when there is current and voltage generation, need to have a change in magnetic flux, However, in the process of studying the nature of magnetization, we found that the microscopic formation of a magnetic field is the directional movement of positive and negative charges, under the guidance of this theory, we use other methods, realize the separation of positive and negative charges, observation of induced current generation, this can be used as another way to generate electricity.

scholarly journals The hall effect in liquid electrolytes

1913 ◽  
Vol 88 (606) ◽  
pp. 588-604 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Thin Metal Plate

The distortion of the lines of flow of an electric current in a thin metal plate by the action of a magnetic field was discovered in 1879. Hall attributed this to the action of the magnetic field on the molecular currents in the metal film, which were deflected to one side or the other and accompanied by a corresponding twist of the equipotential lines. This explanation did not pass without criticism, and another theory of the effect found by Hall was published in 1884. In that paper the author seeks to explain the effect by assuming a combination of certain mechanical strains and Peltier effects, a thermo-electric current being set up between the strained and the unstrained portions. The effect of such strain was to produce a reverse effect in some metals, and these were precisely the metals for which the Hall effect was found to reverse. Aluminium was the only exception. In other respects, however, as shown by Hall in a later paper, Bidwell's theory did not stand the test of experiment, and the results lend no support to his theory, while they are in complete accordance withe the explanation that the molecular currents are disturbed by the action of the magnetic field. On the electron theory of metallic conduction, the mechanism of the Hall effect is more obvious, but at present no satisfactory explanation of the reversal found in some metals is known. Further experiments have made it clear that there is a real deflection of the elementary currents, due to the application of the magnetic field, independent of any effect due to strain.

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