Histologic Evaluation of Human Bone Integration on Machined and Sandblasted Acid-etched Titanium Surfaces in Type IV Bone

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sauro Grassi ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Daniel S. Ferrari ◽  
Luciene C. Figueiredo ◽  
Magda Feres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Healing Period ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Etched Surface

Abstract The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the influence of a sandblasted acid-etched surface on bone-implant contact percentage (BIC%) as well as the bone density in the threads area (BD%) in type 4 bone after 2 months of unloaded healing. Five subjects (mean age = 42.6 years) received 2 microimplants each during conventional implant surgery in the posterior maxilla. The microimplants with commercially pure titanium surface (machined) and sandblasted acid-etched surface served as the control and test surfaces, respectively. After a healing period of 2 months, the microimplants and the surrounding tissue were removed and prepared for ground sectioning and histomorphometric analysis. One microimplant with a machined surface was found to be clinically unstable at the time of retrieval. Histometric evaluation indicated mean BIC% was 20.66 ± 14.54% and 40.08 ± 9.89% for machined and sandblasted acid-etched surfaces, respectively (P = .03). The BD% was 26.33 ± 19.92% for machined surface and 54.84 ± 22.77% for sandblasted acid-etched surface (P = .015). Within the limits of this study, the data suggest that the sandblasted acid-etched implant surface presented a higher percentage of bone-implant contact compared with machined surfaces, under unloaded conditions in posterior maxilla after a healing period of 2 months.

Impact of Smoking on Human Bone Apposition at Different Dental Implant Surfaces: A Histologic Study in Type IV Bone

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana d'Avila ◽  
Leonardo Delfino dos Reis ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Kelly C. S. Aguiar ◽  
Marcelo de Faveri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healing Time ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Apposition ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Etched Surface

Abstract Smoking has adverse effects on peri-implant bone healing and can cause bone loss around successfully integrated implants placed on type IV bone. This study evaluated the influence of implant surface topography of microimplants retrieved from posterior maxilla of smokers after 2 months of unloaded healing. Seven partially edentulous patients received 2 microimplants (machined and sandblasted acid-etched surface) each during conventional implant surgery. Histometric evaluation showed that the mean bone to implant contact was 10.40 ± 14.16% and 22.19 ± 14.68% to machined and sandblasted acid-etched surfaces, respectively (P < .001). These data suggest that the sandblasted acid-etched surface presented better results than the machined surface after a short healing time in smokers.

Implant Surface Conditioning with Tetracycline-HCl: A SEM Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 849-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Herr ◽  
J.A. Woo ◽  
Y.H. Kwon ◽  
J.B. Park ◽  
S.J. Heo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Etched Surface ◽  
Tetracycline Hcl

The increased surface roughness of dental implants has shown enhanced integration of bone tissues to implant surfaces, but may be predisposed to an increased risk of pathogenic bacterial infection and contamination with bacterial products. Tetracycline-HCl (Tc) treatment has been regarded as a practical and effective chemical modality for decontamination and detoxification of contaminated implant surfaces. The purpose of this study was to examine if Tc treatment alters the microstructures of the modified surface of dental implants. For this purpose, dental implants with pure titanium machined surface (MS), sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched surface (SLAS), or anodized surface (AS) were used. The surface of dental implants was rubbed for 30, 60, 90, 120, or 150 sec with sponge pellets soaked in Tc solution (50mg/ml) and in distilled water for 0 and 150 sec as the control group. The specimens were then routinely processed for scanning electron microscopy. The results show that Tc treatment did not change the surface of MS, SLAS, and AS.

Alkali-Modified Titanium Surface Stimulating Formation of Bone-Implant Interface

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 749-752
Author(s):  
J. Strnad ◽  
Jan Macháček ◽  
Z. Strnad ◽  
C. Povýšil ◽  
Marie Strnadová
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Titanium Implant Surface

This study was carried out to assess the bone response to alkali-modified titanium implant surface (Bio surface), using histomorphometric investigation on an animal model. The mean net contribution of the Bio surface to the increase in bone implant contact (BIC) with reference to the turned, machined surface was evaluated at 7.94 % (BIC/week), within the first five weeks of healing. The contribution was expressed as the difference in the osseointegration rates ( BIC/'healing time) between the implants with alkali modified surface (Bio surface) and those with turned, machined surface. The surface characteristics that differed between the implant surfaces, i.e. surface morphology, specific surface area, contact angle, hydroxylation/hydration, may represent factors that influence the rate of osseointegration.

Dental Implants: Early Versus Standard Two-Stage Loading (Animal Study)

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Rismanchian ◽  
Farshad Bajoghli ◽  
Tabakhian Gholamreza ◽  
Mohamad Razavi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
T Test ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Healing Period ◽  
Early Loading ◽  
Repeated Analysis ◽  
Implant Dentistry

Direct bone formation on the implant surface is a treatment goal in implant dentistry. It was always thought that a healing period of 3 months for the lower jaw and 5–6 months for the upper jaw was required for osseointegration to occur. Recent studies, however, show that with the early loading protocol, osseointegration is possible as well. The goal of this study was to evaluate clinical, histologic, and histomorphometric parameters of implants with early loading protocols and implants that did not undergo the early loading protocol. In this experimental study, the first to the fourth premolar teeth were extracted from the lower jaws of 3 dogs. After a healing period of 3 months, 12 BioHorizons internal implants 4.5 × 10.5 mm were placed in the mandible of the dogs. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was recorded. After 3 weeks, half of the implants were exposed, and after recording ISQ, polycarbonate crowns were placed on them and occlusion was adjusted so that there was no contact in centric occlusion and no lateral movement with the opposing teeth. After 3 months, the ISQs were recorded for all the implants. Bleeding upon probing and pocket depths were measured for the early loading implants. All the implants were removed using a trephine bur, and cross-sections of 150 μm were prepared, from which the bone implant contact (BIC) and the type of bone around them were obtained. Statistical analysis was conducted with independent t test, paired t test, and repeated analysis of variance. The BIC for the early loaded group was 46.17% ± 12.89%, and for the unloaded group was 44.4% ± 10.45%. This difference was not statistically significant (P = .811). The ISQ for the implants in the early loaded group (before they were removed) was 71 ± 7.35 and that of the unloaded group was 66.75 ± 11.86 .These differences were statistically insignificant. With regard to the result of this study, and the fact that the 2 groups showed no statistically significant differences in a number of major aspects, such as BIC and ISQ, it seems possible to load implants with an earlier than usual protocol with no adverse effects on implant success. It is necessary, however, to follow certain protocols for this type of loading.

TiO2/PCL Hybrid Layers Prepared via Sol-Gel Dip Coating for the Surface Modification of Titanium Implants: Characterization and Bioactivity Evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelina Catauro ◽  
Flavia Bollino ◽  
Ferdinando Papale ◽  
Giuseppe Lamanna
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Human Blood Plasma ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Titanium Grade ◽  
Dip Coating Technique

When bioactive coatings are applied to medical implants by means of sol-gel dip coating technique, the biological proprieties of the implant surface can be modified to match the properties of the surrounding tissues. In this study, sol-gel method is used to synthesized organic-inorganic nanocomposites materials consisting of an inorganic titania matrix in which 10 wt% of a biodegradable polymer, the poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), was incorporated. The synthesized materials, in sol phase, were used to dip-coat a commercially pure titanium grade 4 substrate in order to improve its surface biological properties. Materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and a morphological analysis of the obtained films was performed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Coating bioactivity was investigated by soaking coated substrates in a fluid simulating the human blood plasma (SBF) and successively evaluating the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on their surface by means of SEM/EDX (energy dispersive X-ray).

scholarly journals Platelet adhesion on commercially pure titanium plates in vitro III: effects of calcium phosphate-blasting on titanium plate biocompatibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Nakamura ◽  
Hachidai Aizawa ◽  
Hideo Kawabata ◽  
Atsushi Sato ◽  
Taisuke Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Platelet Surface ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cp Ti

Abstract Background Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is often used to improve surface biocompatibility. We previously found that platelets rapidly adhere to plain commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) plates in the absence, but not in the presence, of plasma proteins. To further expand on these findings, in the present study, we switched titanium plates from a plain surface to a rough surface that is blasted with calcium phosphate (CaP) powder and then examined platelet adhesion and activation. Methods Elemental distribution in CaP-blasted cp-Ti plates was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. PRP samples prepared from anticoagulated blood samples of six healthy, non-smoking adult male donors were loaded on CaP-blasted cp-Ti plates for 1 h and fixed for examination of platelet morphology and visualization of PDGF-B and platelet surface markers (CD62P, CD63) using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Plain SUS316L stainless steel plates used in injection needles were also examined for comparison. Results Significant amounts of calcium and phosphate were detected on the CaP-blasted cp-Ti surface. Platelets rapidly adhered to this surface, leading to higher activation. Platelets also adhered to the plain stainless surface; however, the levels of adhesion and activation were much lower than those observed on the CaP-blasted cp-Ti plate. Conclusions The CaP-blasted cp-Ti surface efficiently entraps and activates platelets. Biomolecules released from the activated platelets could be retained by the fibrin matrix on the surface to facilitate regeneration of the surrounding tissues. Thus, PRP immersion could not only eliminate surface air bubbles but also improve the biocompatibility of the implant surface.

Bone Response to Early Orthodontic Loading of Endosseous Implants

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Umit Yavuz ◽  
Tugrul Kirtiloglu ◽  
Gokhan Acikgoz ◽  
Tamer Turk ◽  
Paolo Trisi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Implant ◽  
Endosseous Implants ◽  
Prosthetic Reconstruction ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Healing Period ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Bone Trabeculae ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
And Control

This study evaluated the clinical, radiographic, and histologic responses of tissues surrounding implants loaded with a heavy force of 500g for 20 weeks after a 1-week healing period. Unilateral mandibular and maxillary alveolar ridges in the premolar areas of a male dog and the bilateral mandibular alveolar ridges of a female dog were chosen for implant placement. The control implants (1 in the maxilla, 3 in the mandible) were placed in these quadrants after a 12-week healing period following extraction. The test implants (1 in the maxilla, 3 in the mandible) were implanted in the same quadrants after a 4-month osseointegration period of the control implants. Abutments were attached to the control and test implants after a 1-week healing period for the test implants. Superelastic nickel-titanium coil springs, producing a force of 500g (≈5 N), were activated between control and test implants for 20 weeks. Light microscopic assessment revealed that all implants were well integrated with the bone. Histologic analysis showed no definitive differences between test and control implants in the corticalization of bone trabeculae. The mean bone-implant contact values of the control implants for compression and tension sides were 55.99% and 64.04%, respectively. In the test implants, the bone-implant contact value was 57.27% for the compression side and 62.96% for the tension side. Potential clinical applications of these radiologic and histologic results include the possibility of minimizing the healing duration, even for high orthodontic forces, and the possibility of postorthodontic use of these implants as abutments for supporting prosthetic reconstruction.

scholarly journals New Implant Macrogeometry to Improve and Accelerate the Osseointegration: An In Vivo Experimental Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Alexandre Gehrke ◽  
Jaime Aramburú Júnior ◽  
Leticia Pérez-Díaz ◽  
Tiago Luis Eirles Treichel ◽  
Berenice Anina Dedavid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Group ◽  
Significant Enhancement ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Torque Values

A new implant design with healing chambers in the threads was analyzed and compared with a conventional implant macrogeometry, both implants models with and without surface treatment. Eighty conical implants were prepared using commercially pure titanium (grade IV) by the company Implacil De Bortoli (São Paulo, Brazil). Four groups were performed, as described below: Group 1 (G1), traditional conical implants with surface treatment; group 2 (G2), traditional conical implants without surface treatment (machined surface); group 3 (G3), new conical implant design with surface treatment; group 4 (G4), new conical implant design without surface treatment. The implants were placed in the two tibias (n = 2 implants per tibia) of twenty New Zealand rabbits determined by randomization. The animals were euthanized after 15 days (Time 1) and 30 days (Time 2). The parameters evaluated were the implant stability quotient (ISQ), removal torque values (RTv), and histomorphometric evaluation to determine the bone to implant contact (%BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO%). The results showed that the implants with the macrogeometry modified with healing chambers in the threads produced a significant enhancement in the osseointegration, accelerating this process. The statistical analyses of ISQ and RTv showed a significative statistical difference between the groups in both time periods of evaluation (p ≤ 0.0001). Moreover, an important increase in the histological parameters were found for groups G3 and G4, with significant statistical differences to the BIC% (in the Time 1 p = 0.0406 and in the Time 2 p < 0.0001) and the BAFO% ((in the Time 1 p = 0.0002 and in the Time 2 p = 0.0045). In conclusion, the result data showed that the implants with the new macrogeometry, presenting the healing chambers in the threads, produced a significant enhancement in the osseointegration, accelerating the process.

Classification and Effects of Implant Surface Modification on the Bone: Human Cell–Based In Vitro Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Ting ◽  
Steven R. Jefferies ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
Håkan Engqvist ◽  
Jon B. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Functional Loading

Implant surfaces are continuously being improved to achieve faster osseointegration and a stronger bone to implant interface. This review will present the various implant surfaces, the parameters for implant surface characterization, and the corresponding in vitro human cell–based studies determining the strength and quality of the bone-implant contact. These in vitro cell-based studies are the basis for animal and clinical studies and are the prelude to further reviews on how these surfaces would perform when subjected to the oral environment and functional loading.

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