scholarly journals YIELD OF WHEAT IS INCREASED THROUGH IMPROVING THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY AND WATER PRODUCTIVITY OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS IN THE NORTH DELTA OF EGYPT

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S GH SOROUR
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The North ◽  
Salt Affected Soils

scholarly journals Investigation of the relationship between landform classes and electrical conductivity (EC) of water and soil using a fuzzy model in a GIS environment

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-880
Author(s):  
Marzieh Mokarram ◽  
Dinesh Sathyamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Fuzzy Method ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract. Soil genesis is highly dependent on landforms as they control the erosional processes and the soil physical and chemical properties. The relationship between landform classification and electrical conductivity (EC) of soil and water in the northern part of Meharloo watershed, Fars province, Iran, was investigated using a combination of a geographical information system (GIS) and a fuzzy model. The results of the fuzzy method for water EC showed 36.6 % of the land to be moderately land suitable for agriculture; high, 31.69 %; and very high, 31.65 %. In comparison, the results of the fuzzy method for soil EC showed 24.31 % of the land to be as not suitable for agriculture (low class); moderate, 11.78 %; high, 25.74 %; and very high, 38.16 %. In total, the land suitable for agriculture with low EC is located in the north and northeast of the study area. The relationship between landform and EC shows that EC of water is high for the valley classes, while the EC of soil is high in the upland drainage class. In addition, the lowest EC levels for soil and water are in the plains class.

Effect of diversified crop rotations on groundwater levels and crop water productivity in the North China Plain

2015 ◽  
Vol 522 ◽  
pp. 428-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Yang ◽  
Yuanquan Chen ◽  
Steven Pacenka ◽  
Wangsheng Gao ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
The North ◽  
Crop Water Productivity ◽  
The North China Plain

Starch in the Oceans

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1269-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Bursa
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Benthic Algae ◽  
Virgin Islands ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
The North ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Mass Mortalities ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Starch observed in arctic waters of Canada, in the Baltic and Mediterranean seas, in the North Atlantic and Indian oceans, and in the waters about Bermuda, the Virgin Islands, and Jamaica is formed mostly in Gymnodinioideae, benthic algae, and higher aquatic plants and rarely in planktonic Chlorophyceae. In these phytoflagellates the fragile pellicle breaks when there are critical changes in salinity, temperature, or pressure and is subsequently decomposed by bacteria. The starch retains its shape after destruction of the protoplast, and accumulates in large quantities in aquatic habitats. Standing crops of free starch grains mark past blooms and mass mortalities of phytoplankton. The largest potato-like starch grains found in the oceans appear to be derived from the ocellar lenses of Warnoviaceae.Though Protozoa and various herbivores may ingest free planktonic starch, they were not observed to digest it. Large standing crops of starch and monosaccharides derived from amylolysis may affect nutrition in some animals, and influence the optical and chemical properties of sea water. Amylogenesis in some dinoflagellates starts from chondriosomes which are specialized in this process. In Prorocentrideae starch is formed within the ectoplasmic reticulum.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE BOROZDKOVY ELEMENTS OF WATERING OF SUNFLOWER ON THE CISCAUCASIAN CARBONATE CHERNOZEM OF THE STEPPE ZONE OF KBR

2018 ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
M. D. Eneev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Frequency Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
Direct Dependence

Basic elements of superficial watering on furrows in a steppe zone of the Central part of the North Caucasus on the carbonate chernozem of long irrigation are studied. Parameters of dependence of field norm on length of an irrigation furrow and a specific stream of water, productivity on watering for a shift of a polivalshchik, energy consumption at the studied elements of borozdkovy watering and frequency rate of irrigation are determined. It is revealed that at biases 0,025-0,030 speed of current of water don’t lead to manifestation of washout of the soil to negative level. The maximum irrigation norm about 1100-1300 m3 of hectare are reached when watering on the furrow length 200-300 m the productivity of sunflower is in direct dependence on irrigating norm and varies from 22 to 32 c/hectare. The maximum efficiency of sunflower is formed in a head piece of the sector of the irrigated site.

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Physicochemical Properties and Maize Production Following Improvement of Salt-Affected Soils Using Coal Bio-Briquette Ash in Northeast China

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Sakai ◽  
Chie Shimizu ◽  
Hironori Murata ◽  
Hitomi Seto ◽  
Ryosuke Fukushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Environmental Application ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Salt Affected Soils ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
Calcium Compounds

Soil degradation due to salinity and sodicity is one of the most important impediments to agricultural production. Coal bio-briquettes (CBB) made from coal, biomass, and desulfurizers have been proposed for use in desulfurization and usage of sustainable energy for coal and biomass in China. CBB ash contains calcium compounds such as calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and fly ash. The potential improvement of salt-affected soils using ashes from CBB made from two low-quality coals and/or organic manure (OM) was investigated in northeast China. The CBB ash application rates were 0 kg/m2 (control), 1.16 kg/m2, 2.32 kg/m2, 4.64 kg/m2, and 6.96 kg/m2. Following the application of CBB ash and/or co-application of OM, maize production increased significantly, compared to control plots. Moreover, co-application with OM resulted in higher maize production than application of CBB ash only. Soil pH, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and Na+, HCO3−, and CO32− concentrations decreased, and Ca2+, Mg2+, and SO42− concentrations increased from the start of the experiment to harvesting time. Maize production showed a tendency to increase with increasing CBB ash/OM application rates. The decrease in pH, ESP, and HCO3−, and increase in Ca2+ in the application plots over time was particularly remarkable. Moreover, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) after CBB ash application in the slightly and moderately salt-affected soils increased with increasing application rates. In case of the highest application rate (6.96 kg/m2), using ash from CBB made from lower quality coal, pH and ESP decreased from 9.47 to 7.61, and from 7.0% to 0.98%, respectively, and Ks increased drastically by three orders of magnitude. Therefore, not only soil chemical properties, but also Ks, were improved in salt-affected soils using CBB ash. In addition, the heavy metal content in CBB ashes was below the standard values according to Chinese guidelines. Taken together, these results demonstrate the feasibility of sustainable methods for energy usage and environmental application in China.

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