scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF DRY CONCENTRATION OF DRY SUBSTANCES ON FEATURES OF OSMOPHILIC ALCOHOLIC RACES OF YEAST

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kovalchuk ◽  
T. Mudrak
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Matter Concentration

The main factors influencing the cultivation environment on the growth and development of different races of alcoholic yeast have been studied. The following races were selected for studies of the influence of wort dry matter concentration on morpho-physiological features of alcoholic yeast yeast cells: S. cerevisiae ДО–16, ДО–11, K-81, XII. The novelty of the work lies in the study of the influence of the concentration of dry matter of the wort on the morpho-physiological features of alcoholic yeast, screening of alcoholic races for fermentation of highly concentrated wort. The morphology of cells of alcoholic races of the yeast S. cerevisiae, which are cultured on starch-containing medium, has been insufficiently studied. It was found that the cells of the alcoholic yeast race S. cerevisiaeДО-16 and ДО-11 had smaller cell sizes in comparison with the thermotolerant and mesophilic races S. cerevisiae K-81 and XII at a concentration of DM wort of 28%. However, the number of yeast cells in S. cerevisiae ДО-16 and ДО-11 races is higher. During the fermentation of highly concentrated wort, these indicators characterize the increase in the working surface of the yeast in the fermented medium, which allows to intensify the fermentation process. Studies have been conducted on the effect of dry matter concentration on the size and shape of giant colonies of alcoholic races of yeast. Culture samples were taken in the stationary phase of growth. Studies of giant colonies of alcoholic breeds of yeast cultured on wort at a concentration of 28% DM indicate that the race of S. cerevisiae ДО-16, in comparison with other races, is able to withstand high concentrations of wort. After all, the size and shape of the giant colonies of this race indicate that the yeast cells were in a satisfactory physiological condition. According to morpho-physiological characteristics, alcoholic yeast of race S. cerevisiae ДО–16, ДО–11, K–81, XII with thermotolerant and osmophilic properties for fermentation of highly concentrated wort was screened Based on theoretical and experimental studies, it was found that the selected race of yeast S. cerevisiae ДО-16 on morpho-physiological characteristics has advantages over races ДО-11, K-81, XII for fermentation of high concentrations of wort. Thus, for fermentation of highly concentrated wort from grain raw materials, a highly productive race of alcoholic yeast with increased osmophilicity - S. cerevisiae ДО –16 was selected.

scholarly journals SELECTION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF FERMENTATION OF HIGH-CONCENTRATION WORT WITH OSMOPHILIC YEAST RACES FOR OBTAINING BIOETHANOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kovalchuk ◽  
T. Mudrak
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
Cell Synthesis

Bioethanol production is a key issue that helps meet the growing demand for energy resources and ensure a sustainable economy. A promising direction is producing bioethanol by using the technology of fermentation of high-concentration wort obtained from the dry matter of grain raw materials. The purpose of this work is researching osmophilic races of distiller’s yeast under the conditions of fermentation of high-concentration wort at increased acidity. Selective breeding of a new strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-16 has allowed obtaining ethanol producers able to ferment grain wort with the dry matter concentration 24–34% at pH 6.0–3.0, with alcohol accumulation in the fermented wash up to 17% vol.  It has been studied how the pH of wort affects the dynamics of yeast cell synthesis by the distiller’s yeast races Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-11 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-16. It has been established that at the pH values 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0, the concentration of yeast cells in the race Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-16 was higher by 2.6, 1.7, 1.5, and 1.4 times respectively, as compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-11. It has been found that culturing industrial yeast of these races at low pH values ​​will provide not only the required sterility of the substrate, but also a high content of yeast cells, which is 250–320 million/cm³. The chemical and technological parameters of the fermented wash obtained by using the yeast races Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-11 and DO-16 at the wort concentration 20–34% DM have been studied. It has been found that under all research conditions, the yeast of the race Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-16 synthesised more ethanol than the strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-11 did. The use of a new high-productive strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO-16 will allow fermenting wort with a high ethanol concentration in the wash. It will also reduce the consumption of heat expended on isolating alcohol from the wash and of water expended on cooling, and lessen the amount of post-alcohol stillage.

Accumulation, organic carbon and dry matter concentration of sediment in commercial channel catfish ponds

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Steeby ◽  
John A. Hargreaves ◽  
Craig S. Tucker ◽  
Sue Kingsbury
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
Catfish Ponds ◽  
Matter Concentration

scholarly journals Sowing methods of maise for hay in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
N. I. Kashevarov ◽  
A. A. Polishchuk ◽  
A. N. Lebedev ◽  
V. I. Ponamareva ◽  
M. V. Khazov
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
Sowing Experiment ◽  
Matter Concentration

The authors showed the results of studies of productivity parameters of different early maturing maise hybrids depending on the method of sowing. Experiment included 5 variants: single- seeded hybrids Kubansky 101 and Kubansky 500, Kubansky 101 + Kubansky 500 (50 + 50% of the full seeding rate), Kubansky 101 + Kubansky 500 (25 + 75%) and Kubansky 101 + Kubansky 500 (75 + 25%). The authors carried out a biological yield survey on 10 September. This recording showed that the ultra-early-ripening hybrid Kubansky 101 CB was in the phase of milk-wax maturity of the grain, and the late-ripening Kubansky 500 CB was in the phase of cob formation. In single-species crops, the yields were naturally higher. The late-maturing hybrid yielded 82.0 t/ha, 38.1 t/ha higher than the ultra-maturing hybrid. However, the dry matter yield of the second hybrid was 15.9 % higher, and the cob yield was 29 % higher. The dry matter concentration of the hybrid Kubansky 500 was only 18.8 %. The hybrid Kubansky 101 CB had a dry matter concentration of 34.7 %. Different variations with the ratio of hybrids of different ripeness groups in the sowing showed that in green matter yield, the variants where the proportion of late-ripening hybrid is higher are superior. Thus, the presence of 75% hybrid Kubansky 500 CB allowed obtaining the highest yield of 77.2 t/ha. This yield is almost two times higher than the yield of the single-variety ultra-ripening hybrid (43.9 t/ha). However, the dry matter concentration here was 20.2 %. According to the biochemical analysis of the silage batches harvested, all the forages were benign. No oily acid was detected, and lactic acid predominated over acetic acid. Hay prepared from hybrid Kubansky 101 SV was 33.8% in dry matter content, which compares favourably with silage prepared from hybrid Kubansky 500 SV and mixtures with Kubansky 101 SV. The hybrid Kubansky 500 SV and mixtures with Kubansky 101 SV accounted for 21 % dry matter content. In silage prepared from hybrid Kubansky 101 SV, the percentage of dry matter is 24.2-25 %.

The effect of dry matter concentration on component digestibility and retention in growing/finishing pigs fed diets varying only in water:dry matter ratio

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
J.E. Thompson ◽  
J. Wiseman ◽  
B.P. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Liquid Diet ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
Matter Concentration

There is potential for improving the growth performance of pigs through a better understanding of factors that influence the digestibility of nutrients and energy in liquid feeds. These factors include dry matter content and the size and distribution of particles of the dry feed components within the liquid diet. The objective of the current study was to determine if changing the dry matter concentration of liquid feeds affects the digestibility and retention of nutrients and energy in pigs growing from 35kg to 95kg live weight.

Endogenous losses of phosphorus by sheep

1989 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Ternouth
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Matter Concentration

SUMMARYTwelve sheep were fed semisynthetic roughage diets at three rates to study the effects of intake of dry matter, concentration of phosphorus and the physical form of two low-P barley straws upon the faecal losses of P. The sheep were in negative P balance throughout the experiement. The absorption of dietary P increased with P intake and was unaffected by differences in the physical form of the roughage. For each barley straw diet, endogenous faecal P increased with dry matter intake, and was higher when the roughage was ground than chopped. Over the whole experiment, daily endogenous faecal P ranged from 8·5 to 31·5 mg/kg live weight. Endogenous faecal P was related to P intake or to dry matter intake and plasma inorganic P. The concentration of faecal endogenous P was negatively related to the intake of each diet. It is concluded that the concentration of inorganic plasma P and the rate of salivary secretion are responsible for the endogenous faecal excretion of P and the regulation of P balance in sheep fed low-P diets.

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