scholarly journals Lessons of Descartes: Metaphysicity of Man and Poetry

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
A. M Malivskyi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Consistent Solution

Purpose. To consider the uniqueness of Descartes’ way of interpreting poetry as a type of philosophizing that makes it possible to comprehend the metaphysical nature of man. Its implementation involves the consistent solution of the following tasks: a) understanding methodological changes in the philosophy of the 20th century in the process of actualization of anthropological interest; b) argumentation of the importance of poetic thinking for early Descartes in the process of addressing modern historians of philosophy and the thinker’s texts. Theoretical basis. I rely on the conceptual positions of phenomenology, existentialism and hermeneutics. Originality. Finding of the study is that poetic thinking is the most authentic way of meaningful comprehension of the metaphysicity of man. The paper outlines the nature of the expression of this correlation in the philosophizing of the 20th-21th centuries and substantiates the thesis about the importance of the poetic principle for understanding the phenomenon of man in early works by Descartes. Conclusions. The paper examined the methodological shifts in anthropologically oriented philosophizing of the 20th-21th centuries and focused on the manifestations of related moments in the philosophical legacy of Descartes. The latter demonstrates the existence of a still underestimated version of interpreting the metaphysical foundations of human existence, the form of understanding of which is poetic thinking. It is a form of caring for the humane in man.

scholarly journals INFRA-LEVEL IN THE RELATIONSHIP OF PERSONAL AND SOCIAL CHRONOTOPOLOGY

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
A.V. Politov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Spatiotemporal Structure ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
Life Path ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the dialectics of personal and social forms of the spatiotemporal structure of human existence in the aspect of infra-level phenomena that accompany human existence. The theoretical basis of the work is the concept of the chronotope by A. A. Ukhtomsky and M. M. Bakhtin, the methodological basis is the semantic and hermeneutic analysis of works of Soviet and Russian fiction and journalism of the second half of the 20th century. In the study, human existence is revealed as a multilevel spatiotemporal configuration, the structural elements of which are, in particular, personal chronotopology (axiologically and existentially structured microcosm of human existence) and social chronotopology (supra-individual macrocosm), which are in a complex ambiguous relationship, the negative infra-level manifestations of which deform personal world and life path of a person.

scholarly journals A prímszámok könyve

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrix Visy
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Prime Numbers ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Definition Of

The self-definition of Szilárd Borbély’s only novel – limited fiction based on biographical elements – makes biographical and referential readings possible, thus we can interpret the text as the novel of 20th century poverty and traumatised childhood. However, the aspects of interpretation are concerned with the methods of fiction, the existential and metaphysical questions of the book: the child narrator’s tone offers the vision of a childhood rolling in an eternal present. This, together with the amnesia that interweaves the whole text, suggests a hopeless state of being. The feelings of otherness and solitariness, the signs of the absurdity of waiting for a Messiah and the representation of misery expand to an antrophological stance. New meanings can be attributed to the image of desperate human existence by the motif of prime numbers. The novels of Péter Esterházy, Sándor Tar and Tibor Noé Kiss are also discussed in connection with the representation of poverty and teodicea.

scholarly journals Ekowisata dan Wisata Religius sebagai Relasi antara Manusia, Alam dan Tuhan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Syihabul Furqon ◽  
Busro Busro ◽  
Abdul Syukur
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Fundamental Component ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
The World

The development of the world of tourism so rapidly from year to year. This implies an inevitable new tourist attraction. This development has its traces from the 20th century as a result of the decline of human existence, the objectification of nature and the breaking of the chain of sacredness with God through tradition. The second decade of the 21st century shows that this disconnection and decadence can be re-woven through tourism. This research will explore the statement: what kind of tourism model can then intertwine humans' disconnection from themselves, nature and God? The result is that in the ecotourism and religious tourism models there is a possibility of a harmonious mutualism symbiosis. Specifically in this study, the authors found that ecotourism (Trigonasantri Garden) and religious tourism objects (Petilasan Linggabuana) have a fundamental component—traditionally—relationship between humans, nature and God.

scholarly journals Gurdjieff’s anthropology: the concept of conscious human evolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Igor Grekov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Spiritual Transformation ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Behavioral Aspect ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Fourth Way

The main purpose of the article is the disclosure of the ideas of Gurdzhiyev’s anthropological doctrine in which the possibility of spiritual transformation of the person and his conscious evolution are emphasized. The author claims that in the conditions of dissociation of approaches and positions in the anthropological thought there is a need of appeal to the anthroposophic systems designed to fill onesidedness of such directions as psychoanalysis (in many respects absolutizing a role of unconscious processes), the behaviorism (concentrating on behavioral aspect of human existence), the existentialism (emphasizing hopelessness “abandonment of life in the world”). According to the author one of such systems is Gurdzhiyev’s system of conscious evolution of the person, the so-called “The Fourth Way” which is eligible for the status of the translater of the experience of Gnostic tradition in the 20th century.

Basic Theoretical Thesises of Chemmotology

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
N.N. Grishin ◽  
◽  
V.V. Sereda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Metastable State ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Physico Chemical

Toward the end of the 20th century fundamental theories of oxidation, combustion, friction, deterioration, corrosion and others were adapted to chemmotology systems: proposed an oscillatory-homogenous theory of the formation of free radicals in hydrocarbonated nature; demonstrated unsuitability of “physical” model of combustion for a description of working processes of engines; worked out a theory of boundary processes of grease and friction as applied with conjugate details; worked out the general patterns of tribochemical reactions in lubricant nature; developed the basis of theory of physico-chemical mechanics of pseudocolloidal systems. At the present moment established the general patterns of the effect of quality of combustion and composition of fuel during the period of delay of ignition, speed and volume of burning of hydrocarbons ; worked out a concept of quasiciliary formation of fuels, defining their condition of metastable state; proposed mechanism of abnormally - fast internally flaming gasification of dispersing carbohydrate ; worked out an electro-kinetical model of quality state of engine oils in static and dynamic conditions and many others . Introduction of relevant theoretical basis will provide quantitative description of chemotological processes.

scholarly journals The problem of human transformation and the criteria of "good" and "evil" in meta-anthropology and transhumanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Natalia Terletska
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Human Transformation ◽  
Good And Evil

From the position of meta-anthropology, at the article are analyzed the values of being: the value of the archetypes of good, freedom, love, unity of freedom and love, as well as the value of such an existential as the meaning of human existence.The value of the sense of being is analized in a research from such points of view as: life not only for the sake of self-preservation and minimization of suffering, but also for the development, holistic harmonious realization by a humanity of such qualities that make a person capable not only for the consumering of the benefits of civilization, but also becoming a creator of culture, seeking for the harmony of spiritual, soul and physical needs, the ability to express empathy and to overcome the existential problems of despair and fear of death, remaining a human creator, maintaining traditional human values and existentials, such as love and freedom.The value of the archetypes of good, freedom, love and the criteria of good and evil are analyzed in the field of such existentially important concepts as free will and the human right for the traditional and sacred values.The study focuses on the important theme of the loss of criteria of good and evil, which, as a rule, is proposed by transhumanism, having a basis for this in the philosophy of the postmodern era, as well as the search for ways out of the existential, spiritual, soul and moral-ethical crisis in order to preserve the human values.The theoretical basis of the study was the work of philosophers of different periods, studies of psychologists and psychoanalysts, including contemporary, recent work of domestic researchers in meta-anthropology, as well as recent work of foreign representatives of transhumanism.There is made a conclusion that the preserving the existantials of the culture in human existence is impossible without maintaining the traditional criteria of good and evil in the context of sacred transcendental values.

scholarly journals THE EXISTENCE MODUS IN THE NOVEL «CHAD» («FUMES») BY YURI KOSACH: THE PROBLEM OF LIFE AND DEATH

2019 ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Halyna Yurchak
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Philosophical Reflection ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Personal Crisis ◽  
Religious Existentialism ◽  
Philosophical Orientations ◽  
Idea Of God

There has been analysed the literary originality of philosophical reflection «Chad» («Fumes»). It is proved that in the context of different influences and philosophical orientations, the prose writer managed to asset his own identity. Creative and philosophical thinking of Yu. Kosach has been studied in the context of the European and national existentialism. The thesis author has interpreted the suicidal motives stated in the novel of «Chad» («Fumes») on the ground of psychoanalysis. She presents the problems and difficulties of an emigrant and gives two different existential views. There is a focus on the originality of the novel and presentation of the vital problems of the 20th century that brightly reflect the era of existential emptiness among the Ukrainian emigration. In the novel of «Chad» («Fumes»), two different existentialisms, religious and atheistic ones, come across. The collision of these views creates a dialogical concept with the essence that a person himself can take the only right decision and make his own choice. In privacy of one’s own mind, being deprived of the idea of God, the person becomes lonely. Thus, he realizes the absurdity of existence, undergoes the transcendence, and finds out the death as the only solution. The atheistic existentialism is represented by hero Sokil, who chose the suicide as a way out of the personal crisis. The religious existentialism is embodied in Apostol, who served faithfully and did not conceive the human existence without God. Keywords: existentialism, death, existence, suicide, emigration, borderline situation.

scholarly journals Reliving the past

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurie Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Historical Understanding ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Golden Calf ◽  
The Past ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Historical Nature

The awareness of the historical nature of our human existence had a profound influence on Old Testament scholarship. The historical nature of the Hebrew Bible was also realised and historical criticism was the result, but in the 20th century there was resistance against this method. This article is an attempt to emphasise the importance of historical understanding as a means of reliving the experiences of others in the present. To illustrate this we focus on the work of Eckart Otto and his exposition of the golden calf narrative in Deuteronomy 9:9–21; 10:1–5*. The importance of his work for us lies in his blending of synchrony and diachrony in the study of the book of Deuteronomy.

Lexical Elements of Slavic Origin in Judezmo on South Slavic Territory, 16–19th Centuries: Uriel Weinreich and the History of Contact Linguistics

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-252
Author(s):  
David M. Bunis
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Present Article ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Contact Linguistics ◽  
Languages In Contact ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
South Slavs ◽  
History Of

Abstract From the 19th–20th-century beginnings of modern linguistics, scholars reported on various results of interactions between diverse language speakers; but it was only with Uriel Weinreich’s Languages in Contact (1953) that a solid theoretical basis for the systematic study of contact linguistics was elaborated. The present article studies lexical influences from South Slavic on Judezmo (Ladino/Judeo-Spanish) resulting from contact during the 16th–19th centuries between speakers of these two languages in the regions that, between 1918 and 1992, were known jointly as Yugoslavia. During the Ottoman and then Austro-Hungarian periods, borrowings in local Judezmo from South Slavic were relatively few compared with Turkisms. But from the nineteenth century, when the South Slavs gained political independence, Serbo-Croatian exerted an ever-increasing influence on Judezmo in this region. The case of Judezmo there differs considerably from Yiddish in Slavic Eastern Europe throughout the same period, as described by Uriel Weinreich and others.

scholarly journals Eksces i tragizm: „Noc Walpurgii, czyli Kroki Komandora” Wieniedikta Jerofiejewa

2016 ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Beata Waligórska-Olejniczak
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
American Art ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Real ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Tragic Conflict

The article presents Venedikt Erofeev’s Walpurgisnacht, or the Steps of theCommander in the context of European transavantgarde, American art (e.g. Andy Warhol’s traumatic realism) and the vital literary concepts of the end of the 20th century. The category of shock is here regarded as a postmodern equivalent of the ancient notion of catharsis. The focus of the artistic reality in Erofeev’s text seems to be on the tragic conflict between life and death and on being in transition, which reveals the real purpose of human existence.

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