Metabolic syndrome and its associations with socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors in the Russian population aged 25-64 years

Aim. To assess the associations of metabolic syndrome (MS) with sociodemographic and behavioral factors in the Russian population aged 25-64 years.Material and methods. As part of the ESSE-RF 2 study, representative samples of the population of four Russian regions (Krasnodar Krai, Omsk and Ryazan Oblasts, Republic of Karelia) were examined: men (n=3011) and women (n=3721) aged 25-64 years. The response rate was approximately 80%. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee of National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. All subjects were interviewed using a standard questionnaire. We analyzed the region and type of residence (urban/ rural area), age, educational level, marital and economic status, behavioral habits, and medical history data. Anthropometric measurements were performed. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with an Omron BP monitor. Lipid profile were assessed. MS was diagnosed according to the IDF criteria (2006). Statistical analysis was performed using the R 3.6.1 software package.Results. Abdominal obesity (AO) was found in 49,7% of men and 61,6% of women. Obesity according to body mass index was noted in 31,6% of subjects (men — 28,6% and women — 34%). MS prevalence in the entire sample was 33,0% and increased with age. In the group of subjects 35-44 years old, the prevalence of MS was significantly higher among men, and among those 55-64 years old — among women. We also found that AO in combination with two MS components was observed in 17,2% of participants; AO with three components — in 11,8%, AO with four components — in 4%. The highest prevalence of MS was noted in theRyazan region (men — 42,0%, women — 37,4%), the lowest — in theRepublic ofKarelia (men — 25,8%, women — 29,6%). In men, age-adjusted univariate logistic regression revealed significant associations of MS with former smoking, low physical activity, and alcohol abuse. Elevated BP and lipid profile abnormalities were significantly associated with low income level. AO was significantly associated with marriage. Similarly, the risk of diabetes and elevated blood glucose levels was lower in single men. Among women, the risk of MS was higher in those without higher education, with low income, smoking, and low consumption of vegetables and fruits. Women living in rural areas have a higher risk of AO and high BP. The risk of lipid metabolism disorders was higher among women with secondary education. Most of these associations were confirmed by multivariate analysis.Conclusion. MS was diagnosed in 33% of Russians aged 25-64 years. The proportion of people with MS increases with age, which, due to the life expectancy increase, suggests an increase in the total number of MS people. Risk factors associated with MS in women are smoking, insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits, no higher education, and low income. In men, MS are associated with excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and low physical activity. MS prevalence can be reduced by changing the lifestyle and habits, and if necessary, in combination with drug therapy.

Download Full-text

Differences in physical function and metabolic syndrome risk factors according to the level of physical activity in elderly Korean men: a pilot study

10.31083/jomh.v17i1.200 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Physical Function ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

The Elderly ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Mineral Density

Background and objective: Managing the decrease in physical function in the elderly is a major task in aging societies globally. Here, we aimed to compare the physical function and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors according to levels of physical activity (PA). Material and methods: We measured PA in 77 elderly Korean men (74.21 ± 6.26 years old) with an accelerometer and recorded body composition, physical function, and MetS-related risk factors. Participants were divided into three groups based on daily moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA): low (under 60 min), middle (60-120 min), and high (over 120 min). The groups were compared using a one-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe post hoc test. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by logistic regression analysis. Results: Signiﬁcant differences were found between the groups for sedentary behavior time (P < 0.001), light PA (P < 0.05), moderate PA (P < 0.001), vigorous PA (P < 0.05), and total energy expenditure (P < 0.001). The high PA group showed a signiﬁcantly lower percentage of body fat and fat mass and higher muscle mass than did the low and middle PA groups (P < 0.05). The 6-min walk test was signiﬁcantly better in the high PA group than in the low and middle PA groups (P < 0.05). Grip strength and the Berg balance scale were also signiﬁcantly better in the high PA group (P < 0.05). Bone mineral density (BMD) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were signiﬁcantly higher in the high PA group than in the low PA group (P < 0.05). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was signiﬁcantly higher in the middle PA group than in the low PA group (P < 0.05). Participants with more than three MetS criteria showed an OR of 0.09 (95% conﬁdence interval 0.01-0.82) in the high PA group as compared with the low PA group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Moderate-vigorous physical activity of more than 120 min daily showed better physical function and lower OR of MetS than did lower MVPA levels in elderly Korean men.

Download Full-text

AB0875-HPR NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS AND LIPID METABOLISM DISORDERS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1461.1-1461

Author(s):

T. Rogatkina ◽

O. Korolik ◽

V. Polyakov ◽

G. Kravtsov ◽

Y. Polyakova

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽

Lipid Metabolism Disorders ◽

Group I

Background:Attention is drawn to the frequent combination of osteoarthritis (OA) with cardiovascular disease. Non-specific inflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of OA and atherosclerosis. Limiting the physical activity of patients with OA is an additional important factor aggravating the course of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Chronic pain syndrome, causing a neuroendocrine response, is often the cause of the development of complications of atherosclerotic disease. Dyslipidemia is the main cause of atherosclerosis and vascular thrombosis.Objectives:To study variants of lipid metabolism disorders in female and male patients of different age groups with osteoarthritis.Methods:Case histories of 90 patients with OA were analyzed. The average age of patients was 63.27 ± 11.31 years. The average body mass index (BMI) is 39.8 ± 3.2. All patients underwent questionnaires, general clinical and biochemical blood tests with lipid profile determination, anthropometry, bioimpedansometry, and the main metabolic rate assessment using indirect calorimetry in dynamics (at the beginning of the study and after 3 months).Results:Burdened heredity for obesity, arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM) was revealed. AH was diagnosed in 76 patients (84.4%), type II diabetes in 17 (18.9%), dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in 56 (62.2%). Statins were taken by 43 patients (47.8%) - group I patients, which is associated with low adherence to therapy, group II included patients who did not initially take statins or stopped taking them at least 6 months before inclusion in the study.Against the background of diet therapy and physiotherapy exercises, BMI (R0.99; p <0.05), fat mass (R0.95; p <0.05) significantly decreased, lipid profile normalization was noted: total cholesterol (R0.66; p <0 .05), LDL (R0.69; p <0.05), HDL (R0.95; p <0.05), TG (R0.57; p <0.05), AST decreased (R0.64; p <0.05) and ALT (R0.76; p <0.05) in both groups of patients, regardless of lipid-lowering therapy. A decrease in fat mass correlated with TG levels (R0.51; p <0.05), an increase in skeletal muscle mass (R0.60; p <0.05), lean mass (R0.72; p <0.05), and active cell mass (R0.59; p <0.05). The lipid profile in the I group of patients was significantly better before and at the end of the study. Long-term effects have not been investigated due to the short duration of the study.Conclusion:In patients with OA, a high frequency of concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system, lipid metabolism disorders was found. Non-drug therapy has a positive effect on the lipid profile and the level of transaminases. The decrease in body weight due to loss of fat mass reliably correlates with the level of TG. Timely use of statins contributes to the normalization of the lipid profile, reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with OA. It is necessary to study lipid profile disorders in patients with OA with recommendations for lifestyle modification (diet, physical activity), and if necessary, prescribe lipid-correcting therapy.References:[1]E. Simakova, B. Zavodovsky, L. Sivordova [et al]. Prognostic significance of lipid disorders markers determination in pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Vestnik Rossijskoj voenno-medicinskoj akademii. 2013. No. 2 (42). P.29-32.[2]Zavodovsky B.V., Sivordova L.E. Prognostic significance value of definition of leptin level determination in osteoarthritis. Siberian Medical Journal (Irkutsk). 2012; 115(8):069-072.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Download Full-text

Baseline risk factor prevalence among adolescents aged 15–17 years old: findings from National Non-communicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS) of India

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e044066

Author(s):

Prashant Mathur ◽

Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan ◽

Sravya Leburu ◽

Anand Krishnan ◽

Himanshu Kumar Chaturvedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

National Level ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Baseline Risk ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Non Communicable Disease

ObjectiveTo generate national estimates of key non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors for adolescents (15–17 years) identified in the National NCD Monitoring Framework and, study the knowledge, attitudes and practices towards NCD risk behaviours among school-going adolescents.Design and settingA community-based, national, cross-sectional survey conducted during 2017–2018. The survey was coordinated by the Indian Council of Medical Research—National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research with 10 reputed implementing research institutes/organisations across India in urban and rural areas.ParticipantsA multistage sampling design was adopted covering ages between 15 and 69 years—adolescents (15–17 years) and adults (18–69 years). The sample included 12 000 households drawn from 600 primary sampling units. All available adolescents (15–17 years) from the selected households were included in the survey.Main outcome measuresKey NCD risk factors for adolescents (15–17 years)—current tobacco and alcohol use, dietary behaviours, insufficient physical activity, overweight and obesity.ResultsOverall, 1402 households and 1531 adolescents completed the survey. Prevalence of current daily use of tobacco was 3.1% (95% CI: 2.0% to 4.7%), 25.2% (95% CI: 22.2% to 28.5%) adolescents showed insufficient levels of physical activity, 6.2% (95% CI: 4.9% to 7.9%) were overweight and 1.8% (95% CI: 1.0% to 2.9%) were obese. Two-thirds reported being imparted health education on NCD risk factors in their schools/colleges.ConclusionThe survey provides baseline data on NCD-related key risk factors among 15–17 years in India. These national-level data fill information gaps for this age group and help assess India’s progress towards NCD targets set for 2025 comprehensively. Though the prevalence of select risk factors is much lower than in many developed countries, this study offers national evidence for revisiting and framing appropriate policies, strategies for prevention and control of NCDs in younger age groups.

Download Full-text

Sex-based differences in and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in adults aged 40 years and above in Northeast China: Results from the cross-sectional China national stroke screening survey

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038671 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e038671

Author(s):

Feng-E Li ◽

Fu-Liang Zhang ◽

Peng Zhang ◽

Dong Liu ◽

Hao-Yuan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Junior High School ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Northeast China ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sample Data ◽

High Incidence

ObjectivesLow levels of income and education are risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the population of Northeast China, which has a high incidence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine sex-based differences associated with the prevalence of and risk factors for metabolic syndrome among people older than 40 years in Northeast China; this has not been previously investigated.DesignThis study analysed a portion of the large sample data of the national cross-sectional screening of China from 2016. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of any three of the following five risk factors: abnormal waist circumference; high levels of triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or fasting plasma glucose; and elevated blood pressure. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate sex-based differences in the prevalence of, and risk factors for metabolic syndrome.SettingThe study was conducted in Dehui City, Jilin Province, China.ParticipantsA total of 4052 participants with complete questionnaire information and laboratory examination results were included.ResultsThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 50.1% overall (38.4% in men and 57.9% in women; p<0.001). High body mass index and hip circumference were associated with metabolic syndrome in both sexes. In addition, physical inactivity (OR and 95% CI 1.44 (1.06 to 1.97); p=0.022) in men and advanced age (OR and 95% CI 1.54 (1.15 to 2.04); p=0.003) in women were factors associated with metabolic syndrome. Women with junior high school education or above and living in rural areas were less likely to have metabolic syndrome. For men, education and rural or urban living had no association with metabolic syndrome.ConclusionsThe risk factors for metabolic syndrome have similarities and differences in different sexes; thus, the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome should be based on these sex differences.

Download Full-text

Sedentary behavior moderates the relationship between physical activity and cardiometabolic risk in young Latino children

Translational Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/tbm/ibab046 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jamil A Malik ◽

Jennifer Coto ◽

Elizabeth R Pulgaron ◽

Amber Daigre ◽

Janine E Sanchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Low Income ◽

Latent Variables ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Latino Children

Abstract This study investigated the role of objectively measured moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior on cardiometabolic risk factors of young Latino children. We hypothesized that MVPA would be associated with lower cardiometabolic risk when sedentary behavior is low. We studied 86 primarily low-income, Latino children using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 51 girls and 35 boys, with mean age 5.6 (SD = .53) years. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, anthropometric measures obtained, and fasting blood samples were used to measure cardiometabolic risk factors. Greater levels of sedentary behavior were associated with increased waist circumference (rs = .24, p < .05) and metabolic risks. MVPA, however, had significant beneficial associations with all cardiometabolic risk factors (rs-range = −.20 to −.45, p < .05) with the exception of plasma insulin. MVPA predicted latent variables representing anthropometric risk (β = −.57, p < .01), cardiac risk (β = −.74, p < .01), and metabolic risk (β = −.88, p < .01). Sedentary behavior significantly moderated the effect of MVPA on anthropometric (β-interaction = .49, p < .01), cardiac (β-interaction = .45, p < .01), and metabolic risk (β-interaction = .77, p < .01), such that more MVPA was associated with better health outcomes under conditions of lower sedentary behavior. The model explained 13%, 22%, and 45% variance in anthropometric, cardiac, and metabolic risk factors, respectively. Increased MVPA is associated with decreased cardiometabolic risk in young Latino children, particularly when sedentary behavior is low.

Download Full-text

Study on health risk factors as a basis to implement programs that promote a nutritional culture in students of the la Sabana University

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny ◽

10.32394/rpzh.2021.0153 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 89-94

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Chemistry ◽

Monitoring And Control ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Background. Nowadays the importance of lifestyles in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome has been largely accertained. Objective. The purpose of our work is to implement programs that promote a nutritional culture in adolescents and young adults of the La Sabana University. Methods. The methodology entailed, after the corresponding informed consent, taking measures of the triceps and supraescapular skinfolds, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), lean mass, and fat mass. Fasting blood samples were also taken to quantify cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Results. The results obtained show that of the 165 students, 10.3% were underweight, 13.93% were overweight and 0.6% were obese. With regards to gender, 4.8% of the men and 9% of the women were overweight, 3% of the men and 7.2% of the women were underweight, and 0.6% of the women were obese. The blood chemistry showed that 30% had hypercholesterolemia, 18% hypertriglyceridemia, 17% reported low HDL levels and 67% reported high LDL levels. Of all the cases studied, 40% are at risk of a metabolic syndrome. 60% claimed not to practice any physical activity - especially women who reported 44.70%. Conclusions. These findings have allowed us at the institution to implement a culture of healthy habits. The have also allowed us to identify students with risk factors for type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. This is why the cardiometabolic monitoring and control based on healthy eating and physical activity are important.

Download Full-text

The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Lipid Profile, and Two New Anthropometric Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Men

Journal of Research and Health ◽

10.32598/jrh.10.4.1434.1 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 233-238

Author(s):

Mojtaba Amirabadizadeh ◽

Mohammad Esmaeil Afzalpour ◽

Tooba Kazemi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Metabolic Syndrome and Ethnic Groups Second edition

10.26415/978-9931-9446-4-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammadhosain Afrand ◽

Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani ◽

Ahmad Shojaoddiny-Ardekani ◽

Azita Ariaeinejad

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Metabolic Risk

Metabolic syndrome is defined as the co-occurrence of metabolic risk factors for both type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (i.e. abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension). Indeed, metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for subsequent development of type 2 diabetes and/or CVD. Thus, the key clinical implication of a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome is the identification of a patient who needs aggressive lifestyle modification focused on weight reduction and increased physical activity. Multiple different phenotypes and ethnic-specific values for waist circumference are included within metabolic syndrome, with indications for differing treatment strategies. This book covers several aspects of metabolic syndrome, including its definition, diagnostic criteria, preventive measures, and treatment, as well as the possible association between ethnicity and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.

Download Full-text