scholarly journals PERSPECTIVES OF THE ORGANIC FARMING IN ROMANIA

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Vidican ◽  
I. Rotar ◽  
R. Carlier
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
The Eu

The development of ecological agriculture in Romania is based on the EU regulations and on Romanian ecological laws, provisions also existing in the National Program for Acquis Communautaire, as well as projects for the adopting of ecological production methods and the preservation of rural landscape. Romania is making an effort to harmonise agricultural and agro-environmental policies with the rest of the European Union: the National Plan for Agriculture and Rural Development was presented by Romania in October 2000.Considering the demand of organic products from the foreign markets and the prices paid for these products, organic farming can represent an important source of money for Romanian farmers The institutional framework must stimulate and sustain the Romanian agricultural producers in developing this type of agriculture.

scholarly journals Organic livestock in the Republic of Croatia and Europe

Krmiva ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Zvonko Antunović ◽  
Đuro Senčić ◽  
Josip Novoselec ◽  
Danijela Samac ◽  
Željka Klir
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Organic Meat ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the present study was to analyze the situation in organic livestock farming in Croatia and Europe. In the European countries in the year 2017, around 4.5 million cattle, 5.2 million sheep, 1 million pigs and 50 million poultry were registered in organic farming. The highest share of organically registered domestic animals compared to the total population in Europe and the European Union-28 was in cattle (3.5% and 5.2%) and sheep (3.4% and 5.0%), and the lowest in pigs (0.6% and 0.7%). In Croatia the highest share is in sheep (8.57%) and the lowest in poultry (0.02%) number. The largest increase in recent ten years in the EU has been in the number of poultry (by 103%) and the smallest in the number of pigs (by 47.6%), while the increase was the number of cattle and sheep was around 76% and 74%, respectively. In Croatia organic sheep production increased the most (by 65.0%), while the number of cattle and poultry increased by 62 and 64%, and the smallest increase is in the number of pigs (by 24%). The majority of organic meat of all species of domestic animals is produced in France and in United Kingdom, while organic milk is produced mostly in Germany and France. During the year 2018, most organic beef was produced in the UK and France, organic pork in France and Finland, organic sheep meat in Spain and the UK, organic goat meat in Spain, while most of organic poultry was produced in France and in the UK. A significant increase in the number of livestock in organic farming in Europe and in Croatia indicates an increasing interest in organic livestock farming, not only increase of farmers and processors but also increase of consumers of organic products in European countries.

scholarly journals Zmiany wielkości produkcji wieprzowiny i jej struktury w Unii Europejskiej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem pozycji krajów przyjętych po 2004 r.

2017 ◽  
Vol 17(32) (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Anna Olszańska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Production Growth ◽  
The Eu

The so-called "big enlargement" of the European Union in 2004 triggered many changes in the functioning of individual agricultural markets. They concerned agricultural producers, processors and distributors from new but also old members of the EU. The aim of the study is to analyze changes in volume and structure in pig production in EU with particular focus on changes in the position of countries which joined the EU after 2004. The analysis covered the years 2005-2016. Statistical materials from Eurostat database were used. The basic statistical methods of data analysis were used in the study. In the analyzed years, with the general trend of pork production growth in the EU, there have been significant changes in its size in individual countries. There has been a significant increase in production in so-called old EU countries. The main beneficiaries of the in the pork market in the EU area were livestock producers and processors from Germany and Spain. In the countries which joined the EU after 2004, there has generally been a downward trend in volume of production, with the largest declines in most countries observed in 2009.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL AND ROLE OF UNDERSERVED FOREIGN MARKETS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE’S TRADE WITH THE EU

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
O. Shnyrkov ◽  
D. Pliushch
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
International Partnership ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

The article identifies the volume of underserved markets for the development of Ukraine's foreign trade with the EU. The Ukraine's export potential on the EU underserved market is analyzed. It is established that the intensification of trade relations between the Ukraine and EU is a mutually beneficial process, and export potential of Ukraine in the EU market for goods whose exports to the Russian Federation have decreased is of particular importance. The main foreign markets of Ukraine for the export of agricultural and industrial goods from Ukraine have been identified. The main commodity groups of underserved markets to the EU have been identified, the exports of which to the Russian Federation have decreased the most. According to the results of the study, it has been concluded that the underserved markets of the European Union play an important role in the development of Ukraine's trade: first, they allow reorientation of exports of Ukrainian goods, the import of which is prohibited into the customs territory of the Russian Federation, to EU markets; secondly, they help to identify directions for the modernization of Ukrainian production in accordance with the unmet needs of the European goods market. It is concluded that the process of deepening mutual trade in underserved markets in a free trade area is mutually beneficial for Ukraine and the European Union, as trading partners can benefit from increased trade flows, and establishing international partnership between the parties can bring additional benefits in the long run.

4. Member States

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigid Laffan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Member States ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Flexible Integration ◽  
Economic Ideology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter focuses on the member states of the European Union. It first considers six factors that determine how a state engages with the EU: the date of entry, size, wealth, state structure, economic ideology, and integration preference. It then examines how member states behave in the EU's institutions and seek to influence the outcome of negotiations in Brussels. It also discusses the informal and formal activities of the member states before concluding with an overview of the insights offered by theory in analysing the relationship between the EU and its member states. The chapter clarifies some key concepts and terms such as Europeanization, acquis communautaire, and flexible integration, and explains how the EU's Intergovernmental Conferences work.

scholarly journals Environmental aspects of agricultural policies of the European Union countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Anna Lytvynchuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Eu

At present, the state of the economy of the agricultural sector in many countries of the world, including in the countries of the European Union (EU), inherent in developed industry, has led to the transition to a new environmentally oriented agricultural policy. An important role is assigned to state support of agricultural producers, through subsidies, preferential credit policy, and in some countries, the complete abolition of taxation of entrepreneurial activity in rural areas, which confirms the relevance and national economic significance of the article. In domestic agroeconomic science and practice, there is no scientific concept of state participation in the process of bringing the agricultural sector out of the crisis. Research objectives – consider the development policy of the agricultural sector of the EU countries; study the level of state support for agricultural producers. The purpose of the work is to consider the degree of development of the agricultural policy of the EU countries in the context of ensuring food security. The methods and methodology of the research were general scientific, particular methods of cognition, including the historical and logical, the method of observation and comparison. Shows the main approaches to state regulation of the development of the agro-industrial sector at the level of the European Union as a whole and in the context of member countries; characteristic features and principles that determine the success and integrity of a unified agricultural policy; factors contributing to the productivity of agricultural land; agro-ecological requirements restricting the import of genetically modified products; the main tasks in the development of a new policy of the agrarian sector of the economy; priority directions of regulation of measures to support agricultural producers, integrated development of rural areas, increasing the competitiveness of the EU agricultural sector. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that this study will allow the state bodies of Belarus to better understand how it is necessary to form an agricultural policy in the context of ensuring food security.

Environmental Policies, Innovation and Productivity in the EU

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. De Santis ◽  
C. Jona Lasinio
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Porter Hypothesis ◽  
European Economies ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Productivity Enhancement

In this paper we test the narrow Porter hypothesis on a sample of European economies in the period 1995–2008. We focus on the channels through which tighter environmental regulation affect productivity and innovation. Our findings suggest that the “narrow” Porter Hypothesis cannot be rejected and that the choice of policy instruments is not neutral. In particular, market based environmental stringency measures seem to be the most suitable to stimulate innovations and productivity growth. Consistently with the strategic reorientation of environmental policies in the European Union since the end of the eighties, our results indicate that the EU might privilege the market based instruments in order to meet more effectively the 2030 targets, especially through the channels of innovation and productivity enhancement.

PROBLEMS OF ADAPTATION OF UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION TO THE LEGISLATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryna Kosinova ◽  
◽  
Viktoriia Hurzhii ◽  
Sofiia Boriichuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal System ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The North ◽  
Legal Grounds ◽  
The Eu

This scientific article is devoted to the existing problems of adapting the legislation of Ukraine to the legislation of the European Union, which significantly slow down this process, and, accordingly, become one of the obstacles on the way of Ukraine's inclusion in such an integration interstate association as the European Union. The paper examines the legal grounds that led to the implementation of the provisions of European legislation and the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine (on the strategic course of the state towards gaining full membership of Ukraine in the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization)" dated 07.02.2019. The article also analyzes the key elements of successful adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to EU legislation. The work reveals the essence of the concept of "adaptation of the legislation of Ukraine and the EU", regarding which there is no uniform approach to its definition in the jurisprudence of Ukraine and, as a result, there is a discussion between specialists in this area of jurisprudence at the doctrinal level. The content of the concept "acquis communautaire (acquis)" is analyzed by indicating the features of this legal system of the European Union, which significantly complicate the process of adapting legislation. The article highlights the main problems that require urgent solutions for the successful course of the process of approximation of Ukrainian legislation to the EU legal system. The emphasis is made on the fact that the adoption of Ukrainian legislation in accordance with EU law does not mean the proper functioning of the legal mechanisms of the state, since it is also necessary to adapt existing regulatory legal acts. This article proposes the implementation of specific types of reforms, without the introduction of which the adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to the legislation of the European Union will be impossible. The essence and main directions of reforming, which provide for the elimination of the origins of the problems of harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with the legal system of the European Union, have been determined.

4. Member States

2018 ◽  
pp. 75-98
Author(s):  
Brigid Laffan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Member States ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Flexible Integration ◽  
Economic Ideology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter focuses on the member states of the European Union. It first considers six factors that determine how a state engages with the EU: the date of entry, size, wealth, state structure, economic ideology, and integration preference. It then examines how member states behave in the EU’s institutions and seek to influence the outcome of negotiations in Brussels. It also discusses the informal and formal activities of the member states before concluding with an overview of the insights offered by theory in analysing the relationship between the EU and its member states. The chapter clarifies some key concepts and terms such as Europeanization, acquis communautaire, and flexible integration, and explains how the EU’s intergovernmental conferences work.

Chasing the European Court of Justice: On Some (Political) Attempts to Hijack the European Integration Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-272
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Martinico
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Lisbon Treaty ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Revision Process ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
European Court ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
State Interference ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This article gives some examples of State interference in the interpretative activity of the Court of Justice of the European Union (ECJ), looking at the 1990s, at the more recent past and, finally, at the clauses introduced by the Lisbon Treaty, which represents the latest link in the “semi-permanent Treaty revision process” (de Witte). The article is divided into three parts: the first part will introduce the peculiarities of the ECJ’s interpretative activity, briefly recalling the debate on the specificity of the interpretation of EU law. The second part will be devoted to some recent and less recent attempts to hijack of the acquis communautaire (“the past”), while the third part will focus on the recent novelties introduced by the Lisbon Treaty and on the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (EUCFR) and its explanations (“the future”). Finally, some concluding remarks will be presented at the end of the article.

scholarly journals Evaluation of direct subsides granted to agricultural produces in Hajdúböszörmény

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Antal Uzonyi ◽  
Péter Horváth
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Lorenz Curve ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Herfindahl Index ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Cr Concentration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The accession of Hungary to the EU can be considered a milestone in the life of domestic agriculture, as currently 70% of the income of agricultural producers is funded by agricultural and rural development subsidies. Besides the timeliness of the topic, it is to be highlighted that agriculture has great traditions in Hajdúböszörmény. As a general objective of the study, the relationship of agricultural producers in Hajdúböszörmény with direct subsidies was determined. In the first part of the research, agricultural subsidisation systems of the European Union and Hungary were processed. Subsequently, with regard to Hajdúböszörmény and based on the subsidy-related data available for the period of 2008-2017, subsidies paid during the last 10 years were demonstrated in various breakdowns (resources, funds, settlements and subsidy type). In addition to the above, measurement of the concentration of direct subsidies was realised by means of three concentration indexes (Lorenz curve, CR concentration, Hirschman-Herfindahl index).  

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