scholarly journals Tomato Production Influenced by Variety, Irrigation and Organic Fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Carmen INCULET ◽  
Madalina DACHI ◽  
Ana GAFINCU ◽  
Mirabela GACHE ◽  
Gabriel Ciprian TELIBAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
The World ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Control Version

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most cultivated crops in the world, offering many opportunities for research and marketing also. High productions, in conditions of economic sustainability and assured food safety, can only be achieved through the rational use of cultivation technologies, irrigation, fertilization and use of some cultivars with potential genetically performances. To achieve this goal, the present experiment focused on studying the influence of four tomato cultivars (Siriana F1, Minaret F1, HTP F1 and Inima de bou), in two irrigation regimes (5200 respectively 7800 m3) under chicken drops fertilizer compared with a non-fertilized control. The treatments used induced the increase of the fruit number per plant, ranging from 18 to 65%, statistically significant results (p<0.05) being obtained with the organic fertilizer on Minaret cultivar and the higher water quantity, compared to the control version. The highest production was obtained in the HTP F1 cultivars under organic fertilization and 7800 m3/ha irrigation.

scholarly journals Microbial Endophytes that Live within the Seeds of Two Tomato Hybrids Cultivated in Argentina

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvina López ◽  
Graciela Pastorino ◽  
Mario Franco ◽  
Rocio Medina ◽  
César Lucentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
The World ◽  
Antifungal Substances ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Spore Forming Bacteria

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is probably the most important vegetable consumed around the world, and like other produce is affected by stresses and diseases that reduce the yield and production. The purpose of this work was to study the phytobiome of the tomato seeds of two hybrids in order to understand first of all whether tomato cultivars host similar groups of organisms, as well as their effect on the community structure, particularly of those microbes with the potential to promote growth and/or control plant pathogens. Different cultivars of tomato (genotypes) host significantly different endophytic communities, which is also reflected at the order level. These communities are particularly rich in spore-forming bacteria that have the ability either to promote plant growth or synthetize antimicrobial compounds that deter plant pathogens. We conclude that the seeds of the tomato cultivars Elpida and Silverio are sources of endophytic bacteria capable of synthetizing antifungal substances that could potentially be used for biocontrol against plant-pathogenic fungi.

GRAFTED TOMATOES – ECOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR CHEMICAL DISINFECTION OF SOIL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorin Sora ◽  
Mădălina Doltu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Abiotic Stress Factors ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Chemical Disinfection

This study aimed to identification of an ecological alternative for the chemical disinfection of soil in the greenhouses from Romania. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most popular vegetable crops in the world. The carbohydrate, vitamins, salts of important mineral elements and organic acids content of tomato fruits is very important. Tomato crops are very sensitive to climatic vagaries, so fluctuation in climatic parameters at any phase of growth can affect the yield and the fruit quality. Grafting on Solanaceae is a method which has improved and spread quickly during the past years, a similar approach to crop rotation, a practice meant to increase productivity, resistance or tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress factors and at increasing fruit quality. The research was conducted in a glass greenhouse of the Horting Institute, Bucharest, Romania. The biological material used was a Romanian tomato hybrid (Siriana F1), a Dutch tomato hybrid (Abellus F1) and four rootstocks, a Dutch tomato hybrid (Emperador F1) and three Romanian tomato cultivars (L542, L543 and L544) obtained from the Research and Development Station for Vegetable Growing, Buzău, Romania. The rootstocks have had resistance to biotic stress factors (soil diseases and pests) and the chemical disinfection of soil has was eliminated. The result of this research are presented in this paper.

scholarly journals Protists as main indicators and determinants of plant performance

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Guo ◽  
Wu Xiong ◽  
Xinnan Hang ◽  
Zhilei Gao ◽  
Zixuan Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Beneficial Microorganisms ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Microbes

Abstract Background Microbiomes play vital roles in plant health and performance, and the development of plant beneficial microbiomes can be steered by organic fertilizer inputs. Especially well-studied are fertilizer-induced changes on bacteria and fungi and how changes in these groups alter plant performance. However, impacts on protist communities, including their trophic interactions within the microbiome and consequences on plant performance remain largely unknown. Here, we tracked the entire microbiome, including bacteria, fungi, and protists, over six growing seasons of cucumber under different fertilization regimes (conventional, organic, and Trichoderma bio-organic fertilization) and linked microbial data to plant yield to identify plant growth-promoting microbes. Results Yields were higher in the (bio-)organic fertilization treatments. Soil abiotic conditions were altered by the fertilization regime, with the prominent effects coming from the (bio-)organic fertilization treatments. Those treatments also led to the pronounced shifts in protistan communities, especially microbivorous cercozoan protists. We found positive correlations of these protists with plant yield and the density of potentially plant-beneficial microorganisms. We further explored the mechanistic ramifications of these relationships via greenhouse experiments, showing that cercozoan protists can positively impact plant growth, potentially via interactions with plant-beneficial microorganisms including Trichoderma, the biological agent delivered by the bio-fertilizer. Conclusions We show that protists may play central roles in stimulating plant performance through microbiome interactions. Future agricultural practices might aim to specifically enhance plant beneficial protists or apply those protists as novel, sustainable biofertilizers.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Gutting Blue Whiting (Micromesistius poutassou, Risso, 1827), in Spanish Supermarkets as an Anisakidosis Safety Measure

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Ana Elena Ahuir-Baraja ◽  
Lola Llobat ◽  
Maria Magdalena Garijo
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Blue Whiting ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Additional Safety

Anisakidosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease which can cause gastroallergic reactions in humans. In 2010, the European Food Safety Agency estimated that approximately 20,000 cases of anisakiasis had been reported across the world, with Spain having the highest number of infections in Europe. The blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou, Risso, 1827) is one of the most widely fished species worldwide and represents around 25% of the white fish eaten in Spain. The Spanish Food Safety Authority requires obligatory evisceration of certain fish species before commercialization, but not for blue whiting. Nevertheless, some supermarkets carry this out themselves to prevent human infections and negative customer reactions deriving from the presence of ascaridoid larvae. To assess the effectiveness of eviscerations at supermarkets, a total of 320 blue whiting specimens were examined. The risk of larval migration from the visceral cavity to the musculature in gutted and ungutted fish was also assessed. Our results showed a total prevalence (25%) of ascaridoids in fish gutted at the supermarket, and a direct relationship was found between the presence of larvae in the muscle and time until evisceration. In ungutted fish, the standard length and weight were higher for infected than for non-infected fish. Also, massive infections had a higher prevalence in these larger specimens, in which the viability of larvae was also high. Larval viability was not found to be affected by a 24-h refrigeration period. Anisakis was the most prevalent genus identified in the fish examined. The results indicate that gutting at the supermarket is not an effective method for the total removal of ascaridoid larvae and that additional safety measures are advisable.

A Review of Aquaculture Practices and Their Impacts on Chemical Food Safety from a Regulatory Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe O Boison ◽  
Sherri B Turnipseed
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Regulatory Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Aquaculture Industry

Abstract Aquaculture is currently one of the most rapidly growing food production industries in the world. The increasing global importance for this industry stems primarily from the fact that it is reducing the gap between the supply and demand for fish products. Commercial aquaculture contributes significantly to the economies of many countries since high-value fish species are a major source of foreign exchange. This review looks at the aquaculture industry, the issues raised by the production of fish through aquaculture for food security, the sustainability of the practice to agriculture, what the future holds for the industry in the next 10-20 years, and why there is a need to have available analytical procedures to regulate the safe use of chemicals and veterinary drugs in aquaculture.

Innovative Industrial Processes in the production chain of maize used for human food and relevant economic results

2010 ◽  
pp. 203-222
Author(s):  
Teresina Mancuso ◽  
Stefano Massaglia ◽  
Massimo Morganti
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
High Food ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Human Food ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Grain Products

The main problem concerning the production of grain corn for human food use is on the fumonisins contamination. In the European context, the limits relating to the maximum levels allowed for these metabolites in foodstuffs, necessitate by companies involved in cultivation and in the subsequent stages of storage and processing, to bear costs and investments to get finished products conform to that regulation. The aim of this work has been assessing the economic sustainability of interventions based on particular techniques of grain processing and the use of innovative plants by elevators and processors in order to reduce the level of mycotoxin contamination. The firms examined are a storage center and a mill, located in Northern Italy, which orient their processes in order to achieve production of high food quality and health. The determination of costs and revenues to obtain grain products for human food use, has highlighted that a focused approach on the quality productions permit to obtain broader margin gains and food safety for the consumer.

Changing Behavior, Attitudes, and Beliefs About Food Safety: A Scoping Review of Interventions Across the World and Implications for Empowering Consumers

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Sarah Bauerle Bass ◽  
Jesse Brajuha ◽  
Patrick J. Kelly ◽  
Paul D'Avanzo ◽  
Elisabetta Lambertini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Bromatology of Tifton 85 Grass Irrigated with Two Qualities of Water and under Organic Fertilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Cristina Coelho do Nascimen ◽  
Joelma Sales dos Santos ◽  
Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽  
Vera Lucia Antunes de Lima ◽  
Rubens Barrichello Gomes Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Higher Doses

The reuse of solid and liquid wastes has become a viable practice for the sustainability of agricultural production, because it meets the nutritional needs of crops and also allows the use of nutrients present in these residues. The objective of this work was to analyze the nutritional value of Tifton 85 irrigated with treated domestic wastewater and fertilized with nitrogen doses from poultry bed in four successive cuts, with frequency of 35 days. The experiment was set up in a protected environment, arranged in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Five doses of nitrogen were tested through organic fertilization from avian beds (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg N ha-1) and two irrigation water qualities (treated domestic well and artesian well). After the cuts the material was dried and sent to the laboratory to determine the following parameters: crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and Tifton 85 acid detergent fiber (ADF). The highest values of crude protein were obtained using the domestic wastewater treated in the irrigation, as well as using the higher doses of nitrogen from poultry litter. Just as the NDF and ADF contents presented the best values when treated domestic wastewater and the highest nitrogen doses. Indicating that irrigation with wastewater and the use of organic fertilizer may substitute for conventional manures by promoting satisfactory levels of concentrations for fodder.

Impact of Long-Term Organic Fertilizer Application on Lignin in Mollisol

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1332-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Hong Bo He ◽  
Hong Tu Xie ◽  
Zhen Bai ◽  
Xu Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Degradation Degree ◽  
Northeast Of China ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cuo Oxidation

Fertilization is one of the essential managements to maintain and increase soil organic carbon (SOC) level in agroecosystems. It has been realized that fertilizer applications influenced the turnover of labile and refractory organic carbon pools in arable soil markedly. However, the dynamic of relatively refractory lignin in response to fertilization is still kept unclear. Therefore, the impact of long-term organic fertilization on the content and degradation degree of lignin in Mollisol was investigated. Lignin monomers were released by alkaline CuO oxidation method and quantified by gas chromatography (GC). At the time scale of decades, lignin was clearly accumulated in soil and the relative accumulation of lignin in SOC was evident after long-term organic fertilizer application. Compared with the unfertilized soil, lower acid to aldehyde ratios of vanillyl and syringyl units induced by organic fertilization suggested a lower degradation degree of lignin incorporated into soil to some extent. It could be concluded that long-term organic fertilization was an effective fertilizer practice for lignin accumulation in soil and SOC sequestration in Mollisol in northeast of China.

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